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Mendeliome v1.2089 WDR60 Sangavi Sivagnanasundram reviewed gene: WDR60: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: https://search.clinicalgenome.org/CCID:008443; Phenotypes: short-rib thoracic dysplasia 8 with or without polydactyly MONDO:0014214; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v1.1554 NEK1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: NEK1 were changed from Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 6 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 263520; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, susceptibility to, 24, MIM# 617892 to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 6 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 263520; Orofaciodigital syndrome II , MIM# 252100; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, susceptibility to, 24, MIM# 617892
Mendeliome v1.1552 NEK1 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: NEK1: Added comment: PMID 27530628: two brothers with OFD phenotype.; Changed publications: 21211617, 22499340, 25492405, 28123176, 27530628; Changed phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 6 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 263520, Orofaciodigital syndrome II , MIM# 252100, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, susceptibility to, 24, MIM# 617892
Mendeliome v1.1457 SOX8 Paul De Fazio gene: SOX8 was added
gene: SOX8 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SOX8 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SOX8 were set to https://www.neurology.org/doi/full/10.1212/NXG.0000000000200088
Phenotypes for gene: SOX8 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder (MONDO:0700092), SOX8-related
Review for gene: SOX8 was set to RED
gene: SOX8 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Proband presented to genetics clinic at 27 years of age with BMI -3.4SD, height -2.7SD, head circumference -1.8SD. She had mild intellectual delay and clinical features of a congenital, nonprogressive myopathy with moderate proximal and distal weakness. X-rays showed skeletal dysplasia, including cervical thoracic scoliosis and lumbar scoliosis. She was reported as having had weakness at birth with poor suck, micrognathia, hypotonia, and talipes. She was documented to have significant motor delay as a child. MRI of the brain demonstrated large posterior fossa CSF spaces.

Biallelic SOX8 variants biallelic (NM_014587.3:c.422+5G>C; c.583dup p.(His195ProfsTer11)) were identified by WGS. The +5 variant was shown to affect splicing, while the frameshift variant resulted in production of low-level truncated protein (not NMD predicted). Functional studies on patient fibroblasts showed misregulation of downstream SOX8 targets.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.1195 ARIH1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ARIH1 were changed from Thoracic aortic aneurysm to Thoracic aortic aneurysm, MONDO:0005396, ARIH1-related
Mendeliome v1.850 PMEPA1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: PMEPA1 were changed from Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm disease (FTAAD); Loeys-Dietz syndrome to Hereditary disorder of connective tissue, MONDO:0023603, PMEPA1-related
Mendeliome v1.847 PMEPA1 Hazel Phillimore changed review comment from: PMID: 36928819; Greene, D. et al. (2023) Nat Med. 29(3):679-688.
A paper by Genomics England Research Consortium. Genetic association analysis of 77,539 genomes .

Eight families with truncating variants affecting the same stretch of cytosines in this gene.

In the 100KGP discovery cohort, in three families with Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm disease (FTAAD) of European ancestry, the variant found was an insertion of a cytosine within a seven-cytosine stretch in the last exon, predicted to cause p.(S209Qfs*3). This variant was also identified independently in eight affected members of three pedigrees of Japanese ancestry in a separate Japanese patient group.
Also, this study found a deletion of one of those cytosines causing p.(S209Afs*61), in one individual or family.
Also, there was one family in Belgium in which the affected members carried a 5-bp deletion in the same stretch of polycytosines inducing a frameshift p.(P207Qfs*3).

Phenotypic analysis of the individuals suggest that the phenotype of these FTAAD individuals and families is more like Loeys-Dietz syndrome.
Sources: Literature; to: PMID: 36928819; Greene, D. et al. (2023) Nat Med. 29(3):679-688.
A paper by Genomics England Research Consortium. Genetic association analysis of 77,539 genomes .

Eight families with truncating variants affecting the same stretch of cytosines in this gene.

In the 100KGP discovery cohort, in three families with Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm disease (FTAAD) of European ancestry, the variant found was an insertion of a cytosine within a seven-cytosine stretch in the last exon, predicted to cause p.(S209Qfs*3). This variant was also identified independently in eight affected members of three pedigrees of Japanese ancestry in a separate Japanese patient group.
(Note: the variant is present in gnomAD v2.1.1 in 22 heterozygotes as a filtered out variant.).

Also, this study found a deletion of one of those cytosines causing p.(S209Afs*61), in one individual or family.
Also, there was one family in Belgium in which the affected members carried a 5-bp deletion in the same stretch of polycytosines inducing a frameshift p.(P207Qfs*3).

Phenotypic analysis of the individuals suggest that the phenotype of these FTAAD individuals and families is more like Loeys-Dietz syndrome.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.841 PMEPA1 Hazel Phillimore gene: PMEPA1 was added
gene: PMEPA1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PMEPA1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PMEPA1 were set to PMID: 36928819
Phenotypes for gene: PMEPA1 were set to Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm disease (FTAAD); Loeys-Dietz syndrome
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: PMEPA1 was set to Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments
Review for gene: PMEPA1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: PMID: 36928819; Greene, D. et al. (2023) Nat Med. 29(3):679-688.
A paper by Genomics England Research Consortium. Genetic association analysis of 77,539 genomes .

Eight families with truncating variants affecting the same stretch of cytosines in this gene.

In the 100KGP discovery cohort, in three families with Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm disease (FTAAD) of European ancestry, the variant found was an insertion of a cytosine within a seven-cytosine stretch in the last exon, predicted to cause p.(S209Qfs*3). This variant was also identified independently in eight affected members of three pedigrees of Japanese ancestry in a separate Japanese patient group.
Also, this study found a deletion of one of those cytosines causing p.(S209Afs*61), in one individual or family.
Also, there was one family in Belgium in which the affected members carried a 5-bp deletion in the same stretch of polycytosines inducing a frameshift p.(P207Qfs*3).

Phenotypic analysis of the individuals suggest that the phenotype of these FTAAD individuals and families is more like Loeys-Dietz syndrome.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.323 JAG1 Bryony Thompson reviewed gene: JAG1: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 35819173, 30071989, 14993126, 18570795; Phenotypes: thoracic aortic aneurysm MONDO:0005396; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.14589 HEY2 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: HEY2 were changed from congenital heart defects and thoracic aortic aneurysms to congenital heart disease MONDO:0005453; thoracic aortic aneurysms
Mendeliome v0.13941 DHH Ain Roesley Phenotypes for gene: DHH were changed from 46XY partial gonadal dysgenesis, with minifascicular neuropathy, MIM# 607080 to 46XY gonadal dysgenesis with minifascicular neuropathy MIM#607080; 46XY sex reversal 7 MIM#233420
Mendeliome v0.13312 CIC Ain Roesley Marked gene: CIC as ready
Mendeliome v0.13312 CIC Ain Roesley Gene: cic has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.13312 CIC Ain Roesley Phenotypes for gene: CIC were changed from to Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 45 MIM#617600
Mendeliome v0.13311 CIC Ain Roesley Publications for gene: CIC were set to
Mendeliome v0.13311 CIC Ain Roesley Mode of inheritance for gene: CIC was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.13310 CIC Ain Roesley reviewed gene: CIC: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 28288114, 21076407; Phenotypes: Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 45 MIM#617600; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted; Current diagnostic: yes
Mendeliome v0.13001 PRKG1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: PRKG1 were changed from to Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 8, MIM# 615436
Mendeliome v0.12998 PRKG1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: PRKG1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 30071989, 23910461, 30577811; Phenotypes: Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 8, MIM# 615436; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.12729 TTC21B Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TTC21B were changed from Nephronophthisis 12, MIM# 613820; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 4 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 613819; Joubert syndrome to Nephronophthisis 12, MIM# 613820; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 4 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 613819; Joubert syndrome; Glomerular disorder MONDO:0019722, TTC21B-related
Mendeliome v0.12711 MDFIC Belinda Chong gene: MDFIC was added
gene: MDFIC was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MDFIC was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MDFIC were set to 35235341
Phenotypes for gene: MDFIC were set to Central conducting lymphatic anomaly with lymphedema
Review for gene: MDFIC was set to GREEN
Added comment: Central conducting lymphatic anomaly (CCLA), characterized by the dysfunction of core collecting lymphatic vessels including the thoracic duct and cisterna chyli, and presenting as chylothorax, pleural effusions, chylous ascites, and lymphedema, is a severe disorder often resulting in fetal or perinatal demise.

Seven individuals with CCLA from six independent families. Clinical manifestations of affected fetuses and children included nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF), pleural and pericardial effusions, and lymphedema. Generation of a mouse model of human MDFIC truncation variants revealed that homozygous mutant mice died perinatally exhibiting chylothorax.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.11067 GRK2 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: GRK2 were changed from Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD) to Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD), MONDO:0018770
Mendeliome v0.10559 IFT140 Alison Yeung Phenotypes for gene: IFT140 were changed from Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 9 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 266920; MONDO:0009964; Retinitis pigmentosa 80, MIM# 617781 to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 9 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 266920; MONDO:0009964; Retinitis pigmentosa 80, MIM# 617781; Cystic Kidney Disease, MONDO: 0002473
Mendeliome v0.10552 IFT140 Alison Yeung reviewed gene: IFT140: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 34890546, 22503633, 23418020, 28288023, 28724397, 26216056, 26968735; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 9 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 266920, Retinitis pigmentosa 80, MIM# 617781, Cystic Kidney Disease, MONDO# 0002473; Mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.10542 TBX2 Krithika Murali changed review comment from: Liu et al. (2018) reported 4 affected individuals from 2 unrelated families with congenital cardiac defects (ASD, PDA, double outlet right ventricle, pulmonary stenosis), skeletal abnormalities (camptodactyly, congenital fusion thoracic spine, hemivertebrae ).Thymus aplasia/hypoplasia, cleft palate also noted. Other associated features include - facial dysmorphisms, variable developmental delay, and endocrine system disorders (e.g. autoimmune hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism).

PMID23727221 and PMID30223900 - TBX2 gene and TBX2 gene promoter sequencing in congenital heart disease cohorts versus controls - not enough supportive evidence for variant pathogenicity, including no segregation data. Variants prevalent in population databases also included as likely pathogenic.

PMID 20635360 - de novo dup 17q23.2 encompassing TBX2 gene in boy with cognitive impairment, multiple congenital defects and prenatal onset growth restriction. Part of BCAS3 gene (associated with autosomal recessive Hengel-Maroofian-Schols syndrome) also included in duplication. No supportive evidence of TBX2 gene function impairment in the patient provided.; to: Liu et al. (2018) reported 4 affected individuals from 2 unrelated families with congenital cardiac defects (ASD, PDA, double outlet right ventricle, pulmonary stenosis), skeletal abnormalities (camptodactyly, congenital fusion thoracic spine, hemivertebrae ).Thymus aplasia/hypoplasia, cleft palate also noted. Other associated features include - facial dysmorphisms, variable developmental delay, and endocrine system disorders (e.g. autoimmune hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism).

PMID23727221 and PMID30223900 - TBX2 gene and TBX2 gene promoter sequencing in congenital heart disease cohorts versus controls - not enough supportive evidence for variant pathogenicity, including no segregation data. Variants prevalent in population databases also included as potentially disease causing.

PMID 20635360 - de novo dup 17q23.2 encompassing TBX2 gene in boy with cognitive impairment, multiple congenital defects and prenatal onset growth restriction. Part of BCAS3 gene (associated with autosomal recessive Hengel-Maroofian-Schols syndrome) also included in duplication. No supportive evidence of TBX2 gene function impairment in the patient provided.
Mendeliome v0.9128 FOXE3 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: FOXE3 were changed from to Anterior segment dysgenesis 2, multiple subtypes, MIM#610256; Cataract 34, multiple types, MIM#612968; Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 11, susceptibility to}, MIM#617349
Mendeliome v0.9125 FOXE3 Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: FOXE3: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 26854927, 27218149, 16826526, 19708017, 20140963, 20664696, 20361012, 24019743, 27669367, 29878917, 32436650, 34046667, 11159941, 19708017, 20806047, 21150893, 11980846, 34046667; Phenotypes: Anterior segment dysgenesis 2, multiple subtypes, MIM#610256, Cataract 34, multiple types, MIM#612968, Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 11, susceptibility to}, MIM#617349; Mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8788 KIAA0753 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: KIAA0753 were changed from Orofaciodigital syndrome XV, MIM# 617127; Joubert syndrome 38, MIM# 619476 to Orofaciodigital syndrome XV, MIM# 617127; Joubert syndrome 38, MIM# 619476; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 21 without polydactyly, MIM# 619479
Mendeliome v0.8786 KIAA0753 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: KIAA0753: Added comment: At least 5 families reported with a skeletal ciliopathy.; Changed publications: 29138412, 31816441, 33875766, 34016807; Changed phenotypes: Orofaciodigital syndrome XV 617127, Joubert syndrome, Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 21 without polydactyly, MIM# 619479
Mendeliome v0.8741 TCF7L2 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: 2 reviews
Konstantinos Varvagiannis (Other)
I don't know

Dias et al (2021 - PMID: 34003604) describe the phenotype of 11 unrelated individuals harboring de novo missense/truncating TCF7L2 variants.

Features included DD in childhood (motor delay in 8/11, speech delay in 11/11), intellectual abilities ranging from average cognitive functioning to mild/moderate ID (the latter observed in 5/11), myopia (6/11) , dysmorphic features, variable orthopedic findings, and neuropsychiatric comorbidities incl. ASD (4/11) / ADHD (4/11).

One additional (12th) individual was excluded from this summary due to concurrent diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic injury.

TCF7L2 on 10q25 encodes transcription factor 7-like 2, a high mobility group (HMG) box-containing transcription factor. As the authors discuss, the protein mediates canonical Wnt signaling. Secreted Wnt proteins lead to release of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) which after translocation to the nucleus acts with DNA-binding factors incl. TCF7L2 to turn on Wnt-responsive target genes. As a result TCF7L2 acts with beta-catenin as a switch for transcriptional regulation. Multiple alternative spliced TCF7L2 transcripts mediate it's function and specificity of transcriptional repertoire in a variety of tissues and contexts.

Dias et al provide references for its role in nervous system development incl. neurogenesis and thalamic development.

Variants in all cases occurred as de novo events with pLoF (stopgain, frameshift, splicing) ones predicted to lead to NMD. Missense variants occurred in all cases in or adjacent to the HMG box domain [aa 350-417]. 5 different missense variants affecting 3 residues were reported incl. c.1142A>C, c.1143C>G (leading to Asn381Thr/Lys respectively), c.1250G>T (Trp417Leu), c.1267T>C, c.1268A>G (leading to Tyr423His/Cys) [NM_001146274.1].

The gene has a pLI of 0.99-1 gnomAD/ExAC while there is a region of missense constraint encompassing the HMG box domain (the latter is an evolutionary conserved region mediating interactions with DNA).

No phenotypic differences were observed among individuals with pLoF and missense SNVs, and haploinsufficiency is presumed to be the underlying mechanism.

There are no variant or other studies performed, nor any animal models discussed.

In supplementary table 2, the authors provide several references to previous large scale sequencing studies with brief/incomplete descriptions of individuals de novo TCF7L2 variants and neurodevelopmental disorder (ID/ASD - Iossifov, De Rubeis, Lelieveld, McRae/DDD study and many other Refs).

Heterozygous TCF7L2 variants are thought to confer susceptibility to type diabetes mellitus (MIM 125853). Individuals reported by Dias et al did not have endocrine abnormalities including DM. A study by Roychowdhury et al (2021 - PMID: 34265237) suggests that regulatory variants in TCF7L2 are associated with thoracic aneurysm.

There is no other associated phenotype (notably NDD) in OMIM.
G2P includes TCF7L2 in its DD panel (Disease : TC7L2-related DD, Confidence:confirmed, Monoallelic, LoF).
SysID includes this gene within the autism candidate genes and current primary ID genes.; to: Dias et al (2021 - PMID: 34003604) describe the phenotype of 11 unrelated individuals harboring de novo missense/truncating TCF7L2 variants.

Features included DD in childhood (motor delay in 8/11, speech delay in 11/11), intellectual abilities ranging from average cognitive functioning to mild/moderate ID (the latter observed in 5/11), myopia (6/11) , dysmorphic features, variable orthopedic findings, and neuropsychiatric comorbidities incl. ASD (4/11) / ADHD (4/11).

One additional (12th) individual was excluded from this summary due to concurrent diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic injury.

TCF7L2 on 10q25 encodes transcription factor 7-like 2, a high mobility group (HMG) box-containing transcription factor. As the authors discuss, the protein mediates canonical Wnt signaling. Secreted Wnt proteins lead to release of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) which after translocation to the nucleus acts with DNA-binding factors incl. TCF7L2 to turn on Wnt-responsive target genes. As a result TCF7L2 acts with beta-catenin as a switch for transcriptional regulation. Multiple alternative spliced TCF7L2 transcripts mediate it's function and specificity of transcriptional repertoire in a variety of tissues and contexts.

Dias et al provide references for its role in nervous system development incl. neurogenesis and thalamic development.

Variants in all cases occurred as de novo events with pLoF (stopgain, frameshift, splicing) ones predicted to lead to NMD. Missense variants occurred in all cases in or adjacent to the HMG box domain [aa 350-417]. 5 different missense variants affecting 3 residues were reported incl. c.1142A>C, c.1143C>G (leading to Asn381Thr/Lys respectively), c.1250G>T (Trp417Leu), c.1267T>C, c.1268A>G (leading to Tyr423His/Cys) [NM_001146274.1].

The gene has a pLI of 0.99-1 gnomAD/ExAC while there is a region of missense constraint encompassing the HMG box domain (the latter is an evolutionary conserved region mediating interactions with DNA).

No phenotypic differences were observed among individuals with pLoF and missense SNVs, and haploinsufficiency is presumed to be the underlying mechanism.

There are no variant or other studies performed, nor any animal models discussed.

In supplementary table 2, the authors provide several references to previous large scale sequencing studies with brief/incomplete descriptions of individuals de novo TCF7L2 variants and neurodevelopmental disorder (ID/ASD - Iossifov, De Rubeis, Lelieveld, McRae/DDD study and many other Refs).

Heterozygous TCF7L2 variants are thought to confer susceptibility to type diabetes mellitus (MIM 125853). Individuals reported by Dias et al did not have endocrine abnormalities including DM. A study by Roychowdhury et al (2021 - PMID: 34265237) suggests that regulatory variants in TCF7L2 are associated with thoracic aneurysm.

There is no other associated phenotype (notably NDD) in OMIM.
G2P includes TCF7L2 in its DD panel (Disease : TC7L2-related DD, Confidence:confirmed, Monoallelic, LoF).
SysID includes this gene within the autism candidate genes and current primary ID genes.
Mendeliome v0.8741 LTBP3 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: LTBP3 were changed from to Dental anomalies and short stature, MIM# 601216; Geleophysic dysplasia 3, MIM# 617809; Thoracic aneurysm
Mendeliome v0.8738 LTBP3 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: LTBP3: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 19344874, 25899461, 25669657, 29625025, 27068007, 34150014; Phenotypes: Dental anomalies and short stature, MIM# 601216, Geleophysic dysplasia 3, MIM# 617809, Thoracic aneurysm; Mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8730 ARIH1 Bryony Thompson gene: ARIH1 was added
gene: ARIH1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Other
Mode of inheritance for gene: ARIH1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ARIH1 were set to 29689197; 32102558
Phenotypes for gene: ARIH1 were set to Thoracic aortic aneurysm
Review for gene: ARIH1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 3 unrelated families: A de novo case (R171*) with thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), and 2 siblings with TAA and a missense (E15Q). Another proband with cerebrovascular aneurysm (family history of TAA) and a missense variant (E44G). Supporting functional assays of the variants and a drosophila model.
Sources: Other
Mendeliome v0.8663 IFT172 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: IFT172 were changed from Retinitis pigmentosa 71 616394; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 10 with or without polydactyly - 615630; Bardet-Biedl syndrome to Retinitis pigmentosa 71 616394; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 10 with or without polydactyly - 615630; Bardet-Biedl syndrome 20, MIM# 619471
Mendeliome v0.8401 KIAA0586 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: KIAA0586 were changed from to Joubert syndrome 23, MIM# 616490; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 14 with polydactyly, MIM# 616546
Mendeliome v0.8398 KIAA0586 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: KIAA0586: Changed phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 14 with polydactyly, MIM# 616546, Joubert syndrome
Mendeliome v0.8398 IFT52 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: IFT52 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 16 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 617102
Mendeliome v0.8341 IFT140 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: IFT140 were changed from Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 9 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 266920; Retinitis pigmentosa 80, MIM# 617781 to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 9 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 266920; MONDO:0009964; Retinitis pigmentosa 80, MIM# 617781
Mendeliome v0.8334 DYNC2H1 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: DYNC2H1: Changed publications: 19442771, 19361615, 22499340, 23456818, 27925158, 32753734; Changed phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 3 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 613091, MONDO:0013127, Non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa
Mendeliome v0.8258 GRK2 Zornitza Stark gene: GRK2 was added
gene: GRK2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GRK2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GRK2 were set to 33200460
Phenotypes for gene: GRK2 were set to Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD)
Review for gene: GRK2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported and some functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.8257 WDR60 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: WDR60 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 8 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 615503; Retinitis pigmentosa
Mendeliome v0.8254 WDR60 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: WDR60: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 23910462, 29271569, 26874042; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 8 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 615503, Retinitis pigmentosa; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8254 WDR34 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: WDR34 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 11 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 615633; Retinitis pigmentosa
Mendeliome v0.8251 WDR34 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: WDR34: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 24183449, 24183451, 33124039, 30649997, 29241935, 28379358; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 11 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 615633, Retinitis pigmentosa; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8251 WDR19 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: WDR19 were changed from to Nephronophthisis 13, MIM# 614377; Senior-Loken syndrome 8, MIM# 616307; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 5 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 614376; Cranioectodermal dysplasia 4, MIM# 614378
Mendeliome v0.8248 WDR19 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: WDR19: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 33946315, 33875766, 33606107, 22019273, 23559409, 23683095, 32055034; Phenotypes: Nephronophthisis 13, MIM# 614377, Senior-Loken syndrome 8, MIM# 616307, Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 5 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 614376, Cranioectodermal dysplasia 4, MIM# 614378; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8242 TTC21B Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TTC21B were changed from to Nephronophthisis 12, MIM# 613820; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 4 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 613819; Joubert syndrome
Mendeliome v0.8239 TTC21B Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TTC21B: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 21258341, 25492405, 18327258, 33875766; Phenotypes: Nephronophthisis 12, MIM# 613820, Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 4 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 613819, Joubert syndrome; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8223 TCTEX1D2 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TCTEX1D2 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 17 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 617405
Mendeliome v0.8220 TCTEX1D2 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TCTEX1D2: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 26044572, 25830415; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 17 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 617405; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8192 IFT80 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: IFT80 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 2 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 611263; MONDO:0012644
Mendeliome v0.8189 IFT80 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: IFT80: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 17468754, 19648123, 30767363; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 2 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 611263, MONDO:0012644; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8183 IFT43 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: IFT43 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 18 with polydactyly, MIM# 617866; Retinitis pigmentosa 81 , MIM#617871; Cranioectodermal dysplasia 3, MIM# 614099
Mendeliome v0.8180 IFT43 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: IFT43: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 28400947, 28973684, 21378380; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 18 with polydactyly, MIM# 617866, Retinitis pigmentosa 81 , MIM#617871, Cranioectodermal dysplasia 3, MIM# 614099; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8180 IFT140 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: IFT140 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 9 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 266920; Retinitis pigmentosa 80, MIM# 617781
Mendeliome v0.8177 IFT140 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: IFT140: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 22503633, 23418020, 28288023, 28724397, 26216056, 26968735; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 9 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 266920, Retinitis pigmentosa 80, MIM# 617781; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8175 DYNC2H1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: DYNC2H1 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 3 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 613091; MONDO:0013127
Mendeliome v0.8172 DYNC2H1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: DYNC2H1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 19442771, 19361615, 22499340, 23456818, 27925158; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 3 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 613091, MONDO:0013127; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8139 CEP120 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: CEP120 were changed from to Joubert syndrome 31, MIM# 617761; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 13 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 616300
Mendeliome v0.8136 CEP120 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: CEP120: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 27208211, 33486889, 29847808, 25361962, 27208211; Phenotypes: Joubert syndrome 31, MIM# 617761, Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 13 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 616300; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.8130 C21orf2 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Axial spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (SMDAX) is characterized by postnatal growth failure, including rhizomelic short stature in early childhood that evolves into short trunk in late childhood, and thoracic hypoplasia that may cause mild to moderate respiratory problems in the neonatal period and later susceptibility to airway infection. Impaired visual acuity comes to medical attention in early life and vision rapidly deteriorates. Retinal changes are diagnosed as retinitis pigmentosa or pigmentary retinal degeneration on funduscopic examination and as cone-rod dystrophy on ERG. Radiologic hallmarks include short ribs with flared and cupped anterior ends, mild spondylar dysplasia, lacy iliac crests, and metaphyseal irregularities essentially confined to the proximal femora. At least 7 unrelated families reported.

7 families also reported with isolated retinal dystrophy.; to: Axial spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (SMDAX) is characterized by postnatal growth failure, including rhizomelic short stature in early childhood that evolves into short trunk in late childhood, and thoracic hypoplasia that may cause mild to moderate respiratory problems in the neonatal period and later susceptibility to airway infection. Impaired visual acuity comes to medical attention in early life and vision rapidly deteriorates. Retinal changes are diagnosed as retinitis pigmentosa or pigmentary retinal degeneration on funduscopic examination and as cone-rod dystrophy on ERG. Radiologic hallmarks include short ribs with flared and cupped anterior ends, mild spondylar dysplasia, lacy iliac crests, and metaphyseal irregularities essentially confined to the proximal femora. At least 7 unrelated families reported.

7 families also reported with isolated retinal dystrophy.

New HGNC approved name is CFAP410.
Mendeliome v0.7575 INTU Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: INTU were changed from to ?Orofaciodigital syndrome XVII MIM#617926; ?Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 20 with polydactyly
Mendeliome v0.7572 INTU Elena Savva reviewed gene: INTU: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: PMID: 27158779, 29451301, 20067783; Phenotypes: ?Orofaciodigital syndrome XVII MIM#617926, ?Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 20 with polydactyly; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.7491 NEK1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: NEK1 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 6 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 263520; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, susceptibility to, 24, MIM# 617892
Mendeliome v0.7488 NEK1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: NEK1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 21211617, 22499340, 25492405, 28123176; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 6 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 263520, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, susceptibility to, 24, MIM# 617892; Mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.7246 MFAP5 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: MFAP5 were changed from to Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic MIM# 616166; MONDO:0014514
Mendeliome v0.7242 MFAP5 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: MFAP5: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 25434006, 30763214, 33807627, 33514025, 29524629; Phenotypes: Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic MIM# 616166; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.7187 PDIA6 Zornitza Stark gene: PDIA6 was added
gene: PDIA6 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PDIA6 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: PDIA6 were set to Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD) syndrome and infantile‐onset diabetes
Review for gene: PDIA6 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Amber in view of the good quality functional data.

1 case with asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD) syndrome and infantile‐onset diabetes. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous frameshift variant in the PDIA6 gene. RNA expression was reduced in a gene dosage‐dependent manner, supporting a loss‐of‐function effect of this variant. Phenotypic correlation with the previously reported mouse model recapitulated the growth defect and delay, early lethality, coagulation, diabetes, immunological, and polycystic kidney disease phenotypes. The phenotype of the current patient is consistent with phenotypes associated with the disruption of PDIA6 and the sensors of UPR in mice and humans.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.7049 WDR35 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: WDR35: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 33421337, 29134781, 28870638, 26691894, 24027799, 21473986; Phenotypes: Cranioectodermal dysplasia 2, MIM#613610, MONDO:0013323, Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 7 with or without polydactyly, MIM#614091, MONDO:0013569; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.7049 WDR35 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: WDR35 were changed from Cranioectodermal dysplasia 2, MIM#613610; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 7 with or without polydactyly, MIM#614091 to Cranioectodermal dysplasia 2, MIM#613610; MONDO:0013323; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 7 with or without polydactyly, MIM#614091; MONDO:0013569
Mendeliome v0.6785 CSPP1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: More than 20 unrelated families reported.; to: More than 20 unrelated families reported. Classically associated with Joubert syndrome; however, note 4 individuals reported with features consistent with Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, including short ribs, bell-shaped chest, and pulmonary hypoplasia.
Mendeliome v0.6178 HEY2 Zornitza Stark gene: HEY2 was added
gene: HEY2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: HEY2 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: HEY2 were set to 32820247
Phenotypes for gene: HEY2 were set to congenital heart defects and thoracic aortic aneurysms
Review for gene: HEY2 was set to RED
Added comment: A very large family affected by CHD and familial thoracic aortic aneurysms. Trio genome sequencing was carried out in an index patient with critical CHD, and family members had either exome or Sanger sequencing. Identified homozygous loss-of-function variant (c.318_319delAG, p.G108*) in HEY2 in 3 individuals in family with critical CHD, whereas the 20 heterozygous carriers show a spectrum of CVDs (CHD and FTAA, but varying expressivity and incomplete penetrance). Other studies show that knockout of HEY2 in mice results in cardiovascular defects (CVDs), including septal defects, cardiomyopathy, a thin-walled aorta, and valve anomalies.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.6119 FOXF1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Congenital alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) is characterized histologically by failure of formation and ingrowth of alveolar capillaries that then do not make contact with alveolar epithelium, medial muscular thickening of small pulmonary arterioles with muscularization of the intraacinar arterioles, thickened alveolar walls, and anomalously situated pulmonary veins running alongside pulmonary arterioles and sharing the same adventitial sheath. Less common features include a reduced number of alveoli and a patchy distribution of the histopathologic changes. The disorder is associated with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate and shows varying degrees of lability and severity. Affected infants present with respiratory distress resulting from pulmonary hypertension in the early postnatal period, and the disease is uniformly fatal within the newborn period. Additional features of ACDMPV include multiple congenital anomalies affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal systems, as well as disruption of the normal right-left asymmetry of intrathoracic or intraabdominal organs.; to: Congenital alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) is characterized histologically by failure of formation and ingrowth of alveolar capillaries that then do not make contact with alveolar epithelium, medial muscular thickening of small pulmonary arterioles with muscularization of the intraacinar arterioles, thickened alveolar walls, and anomalously situated pulmonary veins running alongside pulmonary arterioles and sharing the same adventitial sheath. Less common features include a reduced number of alveoli and a patchy distribution of the histopathologic changes. The disorder is associated with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate and shows varying degrees of lability and severity. Affected infants present with respiratory distress resulting from pulmonary hypertension in the early postnatal period, and the disease is uniformly fatal within the newborn period. Additional features of ACDMPV include multiple congenital anomalies affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal systems, as well as disruption of the normal right-left asymmetry of intrathoracic or intraabdominal organs.

Over 50 families reported.
Mendeliome v0.5600 CANVAS_ACAGG Bryony Thompson STR: CANVAS_ACAGG was added
STR: CANVAS_ACAGG was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for STR: CANVAS_ACAGG was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for STR: CANVAS_ACAGG were set to 33103729
Phenotypes for STR: CANVAS_ACAGG were set to Cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome; fasciculations; elevated serum creatine kinase levels; denervation
Review for STR: CANVAS_ACAGG was set to AMBER
Added comment: A novel RFC1 repeat expansion motif, (ACAGG)exp, identified in three affected individuals from 2 families in an Asian-Pacific cohort for CANVAS. Southern blot was used to identify the repeat was ~1000kb in one of the cases, equivalent to ~1000 repeats.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.5229 PRKAR1B Konstantinos Varvagiannis gene: PRKAR1B was added
gene: PRKAR1B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PRKAR1B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: PRKAR1B were set to https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.10.20190314; 25414040
Phenotypes for gene: PRKAR1B were set to Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Autism; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Aggressive behavior; Abnormality of movement; Upslanted palpebral fissure
Penetrance for gene: PRKAR1B were set to unknown
Review for gene: PRKAR1B was set to AMBER
Added comment: Please consider inclusion of this gene with amber rating pending publication of the preprint and/or additional evidence.

Marbach et al. (2020 - medRxiv : https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.10.20190314 - last author : C. Schaaf) report 6 unrelated individuals with heterozygous missense PRKAR1B variants.

All presented formal ASD diagnosis (6/6), global developmental delay (6/6) and intellectual disability (all - formal evaluations were lacking though). Additional features included neurologic anomalies (movement disorders : dyspraxia, apraxia, clumsiness in all, with tremor/dystonia or involuntary movements as single occurrences). Three displayed high pain tolerance. Regression in speech was a feature in two. Additional behavior anomalies included ADHD (4-5/6) or aggression (3/6). There was no consistent pattern of malformations, physical anomalies or facial features (with the exception of uplsanted palpebral fissures reported in 4).

3 different missense variants were identified (NM_00116470:c.1003C>T - p.Arg335Trp, c.586G>A - p.Glu196Lys, c.500_501delAAinsTT - p.Gln167Leu) with Arg355Trp being a recurrent one within this cohort (4/6 subjects). A possible splicing effect may apply for the MNV. All variants are absent from gnomAD and the SNVs had CADD scores > 24.

In all cases were parental samples were available (5/6), the variant had occurred as a de novo event.

Protein kinase A (PKA) is a tetrameric holoenzyme formed by the association of 2 catalytic (C) subunits with a regulatory (R) subunit dimer. Activation of PKA is achieved through binding of 2 cAMP molecules to each R-subunit, and unleashing(/dissociation) of C-subunits to engage substrates. PRKACA/B genes encode the Cα- and Cβ-subunits while the 4 functionally non-redundant regulatory subunits are encoded by PRKAR1A/1B/2A/2B genes. As the authors comment, the RIβ subunit is primarily expressed in brain with higher expression in cortex and hypothalamus.

The functional consequences of the variants at cellular level were not studied.

Previous studies have demonstrated that downregulation of RIβ in murine hippocampal cultures, reduced phosphorylation of CREB, a transcription factor involved in long-term memory formation. The authors speculate that a similar effect on cAMP/PKA/CREB cascade may mediate the cognitive effects in humans. RIβ deficient mice also display diminished nociceptive pain, similar to the human phenotype. [Several refs provided].

The authors cite the study by Kaplanis et al (2020 - PMID: 33057194), where in a large sample of 31,058 trio exomes of children with developmental disorders, PRKAR1B was among the genes with significant enrichment for de novo missense variants. [The gene has a pLI score of 0.18 in gnomAD / o/e = 0.26 - so pLoF variants may not be deleterious].

Please note that a specific PRKAR1B variant (NM_002735.2:c.149T>G - p.Leu50Arg) has been previous reported to segregate with a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dementia and/or parkinsonism within a large pedigree with 12 affected individuals [Wong et al 2014 - PMID: 25414040].
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.4923 DYNC2LI1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: DYNC2LI1 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 15 with polydactyly (MIM#617088)
Mendeliome v0.4917 DYNC2LI1 Ain Roesley reviewed gene: DYNC2LI1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: PMID: 33030252; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 15 with polydactyly (MIM#617088); Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.3782 MAT2A Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: MAT2A were changed from to Thoracic aortic aneurysm
Mendeliome v0.3778 MAT2A Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: MAT2A: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 30071989, 25557781; Phenotypes: Thoracic aortic aneurysm; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.3778 LOX Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: LOX were changed from to Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 10, MIM# 617168
Mendeliome v0.3775 LOX Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: LOX: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 30071989, 26838787, 30675029; Phenotypes: Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 10, MIM# 617168; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.2375 DHH Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: DHH were changed from to 46XY partial gonadal dysgenesis, with minifascicular neuropathy, MIM# 607080
Mendeliome v0.2361 DHH Naomi Baker reviewed gene: DHH: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: PMID: 31018998, 29471294, 11017805; Phenotypes: gonadal dysgenesis, minifascicular neuropathy; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.2275 IFT172 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: IFT172 were changed from to Retinitis pigmentosa 71 616394; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 10 with or without polydactyly - 615630; Bardet-Biedl syndrome
Mendeliome v0.1795 IFT172 Elena Savva reviewed gene: IFT172: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: PMID: 26763875; Phenotypes: Retinitis pigmentosa 71 616394, Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 10 with or without polydactyly - 615630, Bardet-Biedl syndrome; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.1108 WDR35 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: WDR35 were changed from to Cranioectodermal dysplasia 2, MIM#613610; Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 7 with or without polydactyly, MIM#614091
Mendeliome v0.1069 WDR35 Elena Savva reviewed gene: WDR35: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Cranioectodermal dysplasia 2, Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 7 with or without polydactyly; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.594 IFT81 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: IFT81 were changed from to Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 19 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 617895
Mendeliome v0.588 IFT81 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: IFT81: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 27666822; Phenotypes: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 19 with or without polydactyly, MIM# 617895; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.0 CIC Zornitza Stark gene: CIC was added
gene: CIC was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: CIC was set to Unknown