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Hereditary Neuropathy v1.165 Bryony Thompson Copied gene SORD from panel Hereditary Neuropathy_CMT - isolated
Hereditary Neuropathy v1.165 SORD Bryony Thompson gene: SORD was added
gene: SORD was added to Hereditary Neuropathy. Sources: Expert Review Green,Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SORD was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SORD were set to 32367058
Phenotypes for gene: SORD were set to isolated hereditary neuropathy; Sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency with peripheral neuropathy (SORDDPN), MIM#618912
Hereditary Neuropathy v1.158 SCN9A Bryony Thompson gene: SCN9A was added
gene: SCN9A was added to Hereditary Neuropathy. Sources: Expert Review Green,Royal Melbourne Hospital
Mode of inheritance for gene: SCN9A was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: SCN9A were set to Erythermalgia, primary, MIM# 133020; Insensitivity to pain, congenital, MIM# 243000; Neuropathy, hereditary sensory and autonomic, type IID, MIM# 243000; Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder, MIM# 167400; Small fiber neuropathy,MIM# 133020
Hereditary Neuropathy v1.51 TRMT1L Zornitza Stark gene: TRMT1L was added
gene: TRMT1L was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex. Sources: Expert Review Red,Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRMT1L was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TRMT1L were set to 39786990
Phenotypes for gene: TRMT1L were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder, MONDO:0700092, TRMT1L-related
Hereditary Neuropathy v1.48 KIF21A Rylee Peters gene: KIF21A was added
gene: KIF21A was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KIF21A was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: KIF21A were set to 37921537; 39643435; 41282472; 32141982; 24715754; 36494820; 22699964
Phenotypes for gene: KIF21A were set to Fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 1/3B, MIM#135700
Review for gene: KIF21A was set to GREEN
Added comment: Autosomal dominant congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles (CFEOM) is well established. This autosomal dominant condition is also associated with a spectrum of severity as a more complex disorder has also been reported in the literature including brain MRI anomalies, ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, contractures, facial weakness, delayed speech/motor development; intellectual disability has been reported in only 2 individuals (PMIDs: 37921537, 39643435, 41282472, 32141982, 24715754, 36494820, 22699964).
Sources: Literature
Hereditary Neuropathy v1.29 NDC1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: NDC1 were changed from triple-A syndrome MONDO:0009279 to Neurodevelopmental disorder with achalasia, polyneuropathy, and alacrima, MIM# 621328
Hereditary Neuropathy v1.28 NDC1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: NDC1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Neurodevelopmental disorder with achalasia, polyneuropathy, and alacrima, MIM# 621328; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Hereditary Neuropathy v1.10 NARS Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: AR disorder: assessed as LIMITED by ClinGen (borderline MODERATE).; to: Both MOIs assessed as MODERATE by ClinGen.
Hereditary Neuropathy v1.10 NARS Zornitza Stark commented on gene: NARS: AR disorder: assessed as LIMITED by ClinGen (borderline MODERATE).
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.265 PMM2 Sangavi Sivagnanasundram reviewed gene: PMM2: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 20301507, 20301289; Phenotypes: Congenital disorder of glycosylation, type Ia (MIM#212065); Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.237 NGLY1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: NGLY1 were changed from Developmental delay, choreoathetosis, alacrimia, seizures, microcephaly, transaminitis, neuropathy to Congenital disorder of deglycosylation 1 (CDDG1) (MIM#615273); Developmental delay, choreoathetosis, alacrimia, seizures, microcephaly, transaminitis, neuropathy
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.215 PEX7 Sangavi Sivagnanasundram reviewed gene: PEX7: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 20301447, 12325024; Phenotypes: Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 9B (MIM#614879); Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.215 NGLY1 Sangavi Sivagnanasundram reviewed gene: NGLY1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 22581936, 27388694, 29419975; Phenotypes: Congenital disorder of deglycosylation 1 (CDDG1) (MIM#615273); Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.205 ABCA1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Neuropathy is a key feature of this metabolic disorder.; to: Neuropathy is a feature of this metabolic disorder. 54 individuals with neuropathy summarised in PMID 29582519.
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.166 ATAD3A Sangavi Sivagnanasundram changed review comment from: Is a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, truncal hypotonia, spasticity, and peripheral neuropathy.

Neuropathy like phenotypes are only present in individuals with monoallelic variants in ATAD3A

PMID: 27640307
5 affected individuals from 5 unrelated families with the recurrent heterozygous de novo mutation (p.Arg528Trp) with all individuals presenting with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy.

Fly functional study conducted that showed a dramatic reduction in survival in the presence of the mutant protein suggesting it is highly toxic.
The loss of function phenotype assiociated with bor was assessed by performing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on the first larvae prior to their death and identified a dramatic decrease in mitochondrial content indicating a similarity in phenotype for both LoF and GoF.Therefore the mode of pathogenicity is suggestive of dominant negative.

AR inheritance is due to loss of function mutations in ATAD3A and is typically infantile onset.; to: Is a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, truncal hypotonia, spasticity, and peripheral neuropathy.

Neuropathy like phenotypes are only present in individuals with monoallelic variants in ATAD3A

PMID: 27640307
5 affected individuals from 5 unrelated families with the recurrent heterozygous de novo mutation (p.Arg528Trp) with all individuals presenting with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy.

Fly functional study conducted that showed a dramatic reduction in survival in the presence of the mutant protein suggesting it is highly toxic. The loss of function phenotype assiociated with bor was assessed by performing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on the first larvae prior to their death and identified a dramatic decrease in mitochondrial content indicating a similarity in phenotype for both LoF and GoF.Therefore the mode of pathogenicity is suggestive of dominant negative.

AR inheritance is due to loss of function mutations in ATAD3A and is typically infantile onset.
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.166 ATAD3A Sangavi Sivagnanasundram changed review comment from: Is a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, truncal hypotonia, spasticity, and peripheral neuropathy.

Neuropathy like phenotypes are only present in individuals with monoallelic variants in ATAD3A

PMID: 27640307
5 affected individuals from 5 unrelated families with the recurrent heterozygous de novo mutation (p.Arg528Trp) with all individuals presenting with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy.

Fly functional study conducted that showed a dramatic reduction in survival in the presence of the mutant protein suggesting it is highly toxic.
The loss of function phenotype assiociated with bor was assessed by performing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on the first larvae prior to their death and identified a dramatic decrease in mitochondrial content indicating a similarity in phenotype for bothe LoF and GoF.
Therefore the mode of pathogenicity is suggestive of dominant negative.

AR inheritance is due to loss of function mutations in ATAD3A and is typically infantile onset.; to: Is a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, truncal hypotonia, spasticity, and peripheral neuropathy.

Neuropathy like phenotypes are only present in individuals with monoallelic variants in ATAD3A

PMID: 27640307
5 affected individuals from 5 unrelated families with the recurrent heterozygous de novo mutation (p.Arg528Trp) with all individuals presenting with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy.

Fly functional study conducted that showed a dramatic reduction in survival in the presence of the mutant protein suggesting it is highly toxic.
The loss of function phenotype assiociated with bor was assessed by performing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on the first larvae prior to their death and identified a dramatic decrease in mitochondrial content indicating a similarity in phenotype for both LoF and GoF.Therefore the mode of pathogenicity is suggestive of dominant negative.

AR inheritance is due to loss of function mutations in ATAD3A and is typically infantile onset.
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.156 COX10 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: COX10 were changed from Hepatic failure, early-onset, and neurologic disorder due to cytochrome C oxidase deficiency; HMSN to Mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, nuclear type 3 (MIM#619046)
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.118 SLC5A6 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC5A6 was added
gene: SLC5A6 was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC5A6 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC5A6 were set to 35013551
Phenotypes for gene: SLC5A6 were set to Neurodegeneration, infantile-onset, biotin-responsive, MIM# 618973
Review for gene: SLC5A6 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Multi-system potentially treatable disorder.

Five individuals from three families reported with motor neuropathies.
Sources: Literature
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.107 SLC25A46 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Multiple families reported. Clinical presentation is highly variable. Complex progressive neurologic disorder characterised mainly by early-onset optic atrophy resulting in progressive visual loss and peripheral axonal sensorimotor neuropathy with highly variable age at onset and severity. Affected individuals also have cerebellar or pontocerebellar atrophy on brain imaging, and they may show abnormal movements, such as ataxia, dysmetria, and myoclonus. The most severely affected patients are hypotonic at birth and die in infancy.
Sources: Expert list; to: Multiple families reported. Clinical presentation is highly variable. Complex progressive neurologic disorder characterised mainly by early-onset optic atrophy resulting in progressive visual loss and peripheral axonal sensorimotor neuropathy with highly variable age at onset and severity. Affected individuals also have cerebellar or pontocerebellar atrophy on brain imaging, and they may show abnormal movements, such as ataxia, dysmetria, and myoclonus. The most severely affected patients are hypotonic at birth and die in infancy. New PCH disease entity added by OMIM in 2021 to reflect the more severe end of the spectrum.
Sources: Expert list
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.92 NEMF Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: NEMF were changed from Intellectual disability; neuropathy to Intellectual developmental disorder with speech delay and axonal peripheral neuropathy, MIM# 619099; Intellectual disability; neuropathy
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.91 NEMF Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: NEMF: Changed phenotypes: Intellectual developmental disorder with speech delay and axonal peripheral neuropathy, MIM# 619099, Intellectual disability, neuropathy
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.91 NARS Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: NARS were changed from Abnormal muscle tone; Microcephaly; Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Seizures; Ataxia; Abnormality of the face; Demyelinating peripheral neuropathy to Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, impaired language, and gait abnormalities (NEDMILG), MIM#619091; Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, impaired language, epilepsy, and gait abnormalities (NEDMILEG), MIM#619092; Abnormal muscle tone; Microcephaly; Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Seizures; Ataxia; Abnormality of the face; Demyelinating peripheral neuropathy
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.90 NARS Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: NARS: Changed phenotypes: Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, impaired language, and gait abnormalities (NEDMILG), MIM#619091, Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, impaired language, epilepsy, and gait abnormalities (NEDMILEG), MIM#619092, Abnormal muscle tone, Microcephaly, Global developmental delay, Intellectual disability, Seizures, Ataxia, Abnormality of the face, Demyelinating peripheral neuropathy
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.83 EXOSC9 Zornitza Stark gene: EXOSC9 was added
gene: EXOSC9 was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: EXOSC9 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: EXOSC9 were set to 30690203; 29727687
Phenotypes for gene: EXOSC9 were set to Pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 1D, MIM# 618065
Review for gene: EXOSC9 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Six unrelated families reported, p.Leu14Pro variant is recurrent, disorder combines cerebellar atrophy and spinal motoneuronopathy.
Sources: Expert Review
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.76 NARS Zornitza Stark gene: NARS was added
gene: NARS was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex. Sources: Literature
new gene name tags were added to gene: NARS.
Mode of inheritance for gene: NARS was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NARS were set to 32738225
Phenotypes for gene: NARS were set to Abnormal muscle tone; Microcephaly; Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Seizures; Ataxia; Abnormality of the face; Demyelinating peripheral neuropathy
Review for gene: NARS was set to GREEN
Added comment: [Please note that HGNC Approved Gene Symbol for this gene is NARS1] Manole et al (2020 - PMID: 32738225) provide evidence that both biallelic and monoallelic (de novo) pathogenic NARS1 variants cause a neurodevelopmental disorder. In total 32 individuals from 21 families are reported, with biallelic variants identified in individuals from 13 families and de novo in 8 families. Similar features were reported for AR/AD occurrences of the disorder and included microcephaly (90% - most often primary), epilepsy (23/32 or 74% - variable semiology incl. partial/myoclonic/generalized tonic-clonic seizures), DD and ID (as a universal feature), abnormal tone in several (hypotonia/spasticity), ataxia, demyelinating peripheral neuropathy (in 3 or more for each inheritance mode - or a total of 25%). Some individuals had dysmorphic features. NARS1 encodes an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) [asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase 1]. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases constitute a family of enzymes catalyzing attachment of amino-acids to their cognate tRNAs. As the authors comment, mutations in genes encoding several other ARSs result in neurological disorders ranging from peripheral neuropathy to severe multi-systemic NDD. Dominant, recessive or both modes for inheritance for mutations in the same gene (e.g. AARS1, YARS1, MARS1, etc) have been reported. Some variants were recurrent, e.g. the c.1600C>T / p.Arg534* which occurred in 6 families as a de novo event or c.1633C>T p.Arg545Cys (homozygous in 6 families). 3 different variants were reported to have occured de novo (c.965G>T - p.Arg322Leu, c.1525G>A - p.Gly509Ser, p.Arg534*) with several other variants identified in hmz/compound htz individuals. A single SNV (c.1067A>C - p.Asp356Ala) was suggested to be acting as modifier and pathogenic only when in trans with a severe variant. [NM_004539.4 used as RefSeq for all]. The authors provide several lines of evidence for a partial loss-of-function effect (e.g. reduction in mRNA expression, enzyme levels and activity in fibroblasts or iNPCs) underlying pathogenicity of the variants identified in individuals with biallelic variants. A gain-of-function (dominant-negative) effect is proposed for de novo variants (such effect also demonstrated for the p.Arg534* in a zebrafish model).
Sources: Literature
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.74 ACOX1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Three unrelated individuals reported with de novo recurrent missense p.N237S, associated with a progressive disorder characterised by episodic demyelination, sensorimotor polyneuropathy, and hearing loss.
Sources: Expert list; to: Three unrelated individuals reported with de novo recurrent missense p.N237S, associated with a progressive disorder characterised by episodic demyelination, sensorimotor polyneuropathy, and hearing loss. Note that bi-allelic variants in this gene cause a peroxisomal disorder.
Sources: Expert list
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.74 ACOX1 Zornitza Stark gene: ACOX1 was added
gene: ACOX1 was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ACOX1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ACOX1 were set to 32169171
Phenotypes for gene: ACOX1 were set to Mitchell syndrome, MIM# 618960
Review for gene: ACOX1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated individuals reported with de novo recurrent missense p.N237S, associated with a progressive disorder characterised by episodic demyelination, sensorimotor polyneuropathy, and hearing loss.
Sources: Expert list
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.72 STUB1 Zornitza Stark gene: STUB1 was added
gene: STUB1 was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: STUB1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: STUB1 were set to 32342324; 32337344
Phenotypes for gene: STUB1 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 16, MIM# 615768
Review for gene: STUB1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: PMID: 32342324 - Gene causes both AD and AR spinocerebellar ataxia. Reviews 17 families (31 patients, adolescent/childhood onset), all patients developed progressive cerebellar ataxia, associated with dysmetria and dysarthria, corticospinal signs (19/31), myoclonus (7/31) and generalized tonic– clonic seizures (4/31), peripheral nervous system involvement (4/12). PMID: 32337344 - 1 large family with adult-onset gait disturbance and cognitive decline. Neuropathy is a feature of the more severe, bi-allelic disorder.
Sources: Literature
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.67 ADPRHL2 Crystle Lee gene: ADPRHL2 was added
gene: ADPRHL2 was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: ADPRHL2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ADPRHL2 were set to 30100084; 30401461
Phenotypes for gene: ADPRHL2 were set to Neurodegeneration, childhood-onset, stress-induced, with variable ataxia and seizures (MIM#618170)
Review for gene: ADPRHL2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Peripheral (sensori-)motor axonal neuropathy is a feature of this progressive neurodegenerative disorder. >5 families have been reported.
Sources: Expert Review
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.44 SLC25A46 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC25A46 was added
gene: SLC25A46 was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC25A46 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC25A46 were set to 26168012; 27543974
Phenotypes for gene: SLC25A46 were set to Neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory, type VIB, MIM# 616505
Review for gene: SLC25A46 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Multiple families reported. Clinical presentation is highly variable. Complex progressive neurologic disorder characterised mainly by early-onset optic atrophy resulting in progressive visual loss and peripheral axonal sensorimotor neuropathy with highly variable age at onset and severity. Affected individuals also have cerebellar or pontocerebellar atrophy on brain imaging, and they may show abnormal movements, such as ataxia, dysmetria, and myoclonus. The most severely affected patients are hypotonic at birth and die in infancy.
Sources: Expert list
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.11 PEX10 Bryony Thompson reviewed gene: PEX10: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 27230853, 20695019; Phenotypes: Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 6A (Zellweger) MIM#614870, Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 6B MIM#614871; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.5 SPTBN4 Bryony Thompson gene: SPTBN4 was added
gene: SPTBN4 was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex_RMH. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SPTBN4 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SPTBN4 were set to 28540413; 29861105
Phenotypes for gene: SPTBN4 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, neuropathy, and deafness MIM#617519
Review for gene: SPTBN4 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 6 families with a severe neurological syndrome that includes congenital hypotonia, intellectual disability, and motor axonal and auditory neuropathy
Sources: Literature
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.0 PEX12 Bryony Thompson gene: PEX12 was added
gene: PEX12 was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex_RMH. Sources: Expert Review Red,Royal Melbourne Hospital
Mode of inheritance for gene: PEX12 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PEX12 were set to 24627108
Phenotypes for gene: PEX12 were set to Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 3A (Zellweger), 614859; HMSN
Hereditary Neuropathy v0.0 COX10 Bryony Thompson gene: COX10 was added
gene: COX10 was added to Hereditary Neuropathy - complex_RMH. Sources: Royal Melbourne Hospital,Expert Review Green
Mode of inheritance for gene: COX10 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: COX10 were set to Hepatic failure, early-onset, and neurologic disorder due to cytochrome C oxidase deficiency; HMSN