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Mendeliome v1.2007 TTL Bryony Thompson Marked gene: TTL as ready
Mendeliome v1.2007 TTL Bryony Thompson Gene: ttl has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.2006 TTL Bryony Thompson Classified gene: TTL as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Mendeliome v1.2006 TTL Bryony Thompson Gene: ttl has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Mendeliome v1.1973 TTL Mark Cleghorn gene: TTL was added
gene: TTL was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Other
Mode of inheritance for gene: TTL was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: TTL were set to complex neurodevelopmental disorderMONDO:0100038
Added comment: TTL
Valentina Serpieri, University of Pavia
ESHG talk 1/6/24

FAM1 (Italy)
2 affected sisters born to consanguineous Pakistani parents
GDD, spastic tetraparesis, optic atrophy, brain anomalies resembling tubulinopathies (dysplasia of corpus callosum, basal ganglia, brainstem)
WES: homozygous TTL:c.1013G>A; p.Cys338Tyr in both affected sisters

Via genematcher
5 more families (9 individuals) w similar phenotypes and biallelic variants in TTL

FAM2 (Egypt): homozygous p.Arg46Pro
FAM3 (Egypt): homozygous p.Arg46Pro
FAM4 (Australia): homozygous p.Gln183Arg
FAM5 (France): homozygous p.Trp147*
FAM6 (Saudi Arabia): homozygous p.His243Tyr

TTL KO mice: death soon after birth, no overt malformations, but defects in organisation of cerebral layers

Functional work on patient fibroblasts
FAM1 – reduced quantity of TTL protein compared to control on Western blot, decreased function of TTL protein (increase in detyrosinated tubulin) compared to controls – infer LoF as mechanism
FAM3 – mentioned but no details
FAM4– mentioned but no details
Sources: Other
Mendeliome v1.1064 STAB1 Chern Lim gene: STAB1 was added
gene: STAB1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: STAB1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: STAB1 were set to 37490907; 28052375
Phenotypes for gene: STAB1 were set to Iron metabolism disease (MONDO:0002279), STAB1-related
Review for gene: STAB1 was set to GREEN
gene: STAB1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: PMID: 37490907
- Biallelic variants identified in 10 individuals from 7 families with unexplained hyperferritinaemia without iron overload. All of them were in good health and had no dysmorphologies, psycho-motor development abnormalities, hearing or vision disorders, or other pathologies.
- Homozygous/compound heterozygous variants: missense, frameshift, stopgain, inframe del of 3 AAs, one synonymous.
- Samples from three of the patients from two families showed no immunoreactivity with anti-stabilin-1 compared to control liver where high signal was detected in the liver sinusoids (immunohistochemistry analysis).
- Patients’ peripheral monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages showed very little expression of stabilin-1 on CD14+ monocytes and macrophages compared to control subjects (flow cytometry analysis).
- These families have also been published in PMID: 28052375.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.863 SLC4A2 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC4A2 was added
gene: SLC4A2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC4A2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC4A2 were set to 34668226; 20507629
Phenotypes for gene: SLC4A2 were set to Osteopetrosis, autosomal recessive 9, MIM# 620366
Review for gene: SLC4A2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single individual reported with homozygous missense variant. However, cattle and mouse models support gene-disease association.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.769 MB Elena Savva gene: MB was added
gene: MB was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MB was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: MB were set to 35527200; 30918256
Phenotypes for gene: MB were set to Myopathy, sarcoplasmic body MIM#620286
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: MB was set to Other
Review for gene: MB was set to GREEN
Added comment: PMID: 30918256:
- Recurrent c.292C>T (p.His98Tyr) in fourteen members of six European families with AD progressive myopathy.
- Mutant myoglobin has altered O2 binding, exhibits a faster heme dissociation rate and has a lower reduction potential compared to wild-type myoglobin.
- GOF hypothesised
- 2/3 of myoglobin knockout mice die in utero, 1/3 live to adulthood with little sign of functional effects, likely due to multiple compensatory mechanisms.

PMID: 35527200:
- single adult patient with myoglobinopathy
- same recurring p.His98Tyr variant
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.649 PMEL Paul De Fazio gene: PMEL was added
gene: PMEL was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PMEL was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PMEL were set to 36166100; 36207673
Phenotypes for gene: PMEL were set to Oculocutaneous albinism, PMEL-related MONDO:0018910
Review for gene: PMEL was set to RED
gene: PMEL was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: A consanguineous family with oculocutaneous albinism and Hirschsprung disease was found to have a biallelic LoF variant in PMEL, which although NMD-predicted was found not to result in NMD by RT-PCR.

Some evidence that polymorphisms in this gene influence pigmentation in cattle.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v1.439 METTL23 Lucy Spencer reviewed gene: METTL23: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 36099048; Phenotypes: glaucoma MONDO:0005041; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v1.348 FOSL2 Krithika Murali gene: FOSL2 was added
gene: FOSL2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FOSL2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: FOSL2 were set to 36197437
Phenotypes for gene: FOSL2 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder, MONDO:0700092, FOSL2-related
Review for gene: FOSL2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: PMID 36197437 Cospain et al 2022 report 11 individuals from 10 families with heterozygous PTC variants in exon 4/4 of the FOSL2 gene. All variants were predicted to escape NMD resulting in a truncated protein, with the truncation occurring proximal to the C-terminal domain (supportive functional studies).

In 10/11 families the variant occurred de novo in a single affected proband. In one family with 2 affected siblings, the variant was present in the siblings but absent in the unaffected parent likely due to gonadal mosaicism.

Clinical features included:
- Cutis aplasia congenital of the scalp (10/11)
- Tooth enamel hypoplasia and discolouration (8/9)
- Multiple other ectodermal features also noted e.g. small brittle nails, hypotrichosis/hypertrichosis, lichen sclerosis
- 5 individuals had cataracts (mostly bilateral, congenital/early childhood onset)
- 6/9 IUGR
- 5/9 postnatal growth restriction
- 7/9 developmental delay/ID
- 5/7 ADHD/ASD
- 2/9 seizures
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.14491 METTL23 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: METTL23 as ready
Mendeliome v0.14491 METTL23 Zornitza Stark Gene: mettl23 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.14491 METTL23 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: METTL23 were changed from to Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 44, MIM# 615942
Mendeliome v0.14490 METTL23 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: METTL23 were set to
Mendeliome v0.14489 METTL23 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: METTL23 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.14488 METTL23 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: METTL23: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 24501276, 24626631; Phenotypes: Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 44, MIM# 615942; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.13020 PRDM5 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: PRDM5 were changed from to Brittle cornea syndrome 2, MIM# 614170
Mendeliome v0.13017 PRDM5 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: PRDM5: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 21664999, 22122778, 21664999, 33739556, 27032025; Phenotypes: Brittle cornea syndrome 2, MIM# 614170; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.12346 TTLL5 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TTLL5 as ready
Mendeliome v0.12346 TTLL5 Zornitza Stark Gene: ttll5 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.12346 TTLL5 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TTLL5 were changed from to Cone-rod dystrophy 19, MIM# 615860, MONDO:0014372
Mendeliome v0.12345 TTLL5 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TTLL5 were set to
Mendeliome v0.12344 TTLL5 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TTLL5 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.12323 TTLL5 Manny Jacobs reviewed gene: TTLL5: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: PMID: 24791901, 34203883, 28356705; Phenotypes: Cone-rod dystrophy 19, MIM# 615860, MONDO:0014372; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.9297 ABHD16A Lucy Spencer gene: ABHD16A was added
gene: ABHD16A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ABHD16A was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ABHD16A were set to PMID: 34587489
Phenotypes for gene: ABHD16A were set to Spastic paraplegia
Review for gene: ABHD16A was set to GREEN
Added comment: 11 individuals from 6 families with a complicated form of hereditary spastic paraplegia who carry bi-allelic deleterious variants in ABHD16A. Affected individuals present with a similar phenotype consisting of global developmental delay/intellectual disability, progressive spasticity affecting the upper and lower limbs, and corpus callosum and white matter anomalies. Immunoblot analysis on extracts from fibroblasts from four affected individuals demonstrated little to no ABHD16A protein levels compared to controls.
In 5 of the families the affected members were homozygous, 3 of these families were consanguineous. 2 families have the same variant- both families are French-Canadian.
4 missense variants, 1 frameshift, 1 nonsense.
From PMID: 34587489
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.9144 STEAP3 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Single family reported. Three affected sibs, variant inherited from unaffected father. Some supportive functional evidence.; to: Single family reported. Three affected sibs, variant inherited from unaffected father. Some supportive functional evidence.

Conflicting evidence (PMID 26675350): Large Chinese study (of normal and α-thalassemia subjects) investigated the prevalence of STEAP3 mutations in humans and their physiologic consequences. Discovered a relatively high prevalence of potentially harmful recessive alleles. However, whilst the identified STEAP3 mutations exhibited impaired ferrireductase activity in vitro, they had little or no effect on erythrocyte phenotypes
Mendeliome v0.9081 LRP1 Seb Lunke Added comment: Comment on list classification: Two papers without related phenotypes and little overall evidence for gene disease association.
Mendeliome v0.5983 ZNF469 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: ZNF469 were changed from to Brittle cornea syndrome 1, MIM# 229200
Mendeliome v0.5980 ZNF469 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: ZNF469: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 18452888, 19661234, 20938016, 21664999, 32671420; Phenotypes: Brittle cornea syndrome 1, MIM# 229200; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.5916 LSM11 Seb Lunke changed review comment from: Comment on list classification: Very little evidence at this stage, just one consanguineous family with a some functional data.; to: Comment on list classification: Very little evidence at this stage, just one consanguineous family with some functional data.
Mendeliome v0.5916 LSM11 Seb Lunke Added comment: Comment on list classification: Very little evidence at this stage, just one consanguineous family with a some functional data.
Mendeliome v0.4317 ATAD1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Severe progressive neurological disorder, severe/profound intellectual disability is a feature; to: Hyperekplexia-4 is an autosomal recessive severe neurologic disorder apparent at birth. Three unrelated families reported. Affected infants have extreme hypertonia and appear stiff and rigid. They have little if any development, poor or absent visual contact, and no spontaneous movement, consistent with an encephalopathy. Some patients have early-onset refractory seizures. Severe progressive neurological disorder, severe/profound intellectual disability is a feature.
Mendeliome v0.4315 ADAT1 Zornitza Stark gene: ADAT1 was added
gene: ADAT1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ADAT1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ADAT1 were set to 28180185; 29390050; 29659736
Phenotypes for gene: ADAT1 were set to Hyperekplexia 4, MIM#618011
Review for gene: ADAT1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Hyperekplexia-4 is an autosomal recessive severe neurologic disorder apparent at birth. Three unrelated families reported. Affected infants have extreme hypertonia and appear stiff and rigid. They have little if any development, poor or absent visual contact, and no spontaneous movement, consistent with an encephalopathy. Some patients have early-onset refractory seizures.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2915 GPR143 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: GPR143 were changed from to congenital nystagmus 6, MIM 300814; type I ocular albinism, Nettleship-Falls type, MIM 300500
Mendeliome v0.2909 GPR143 Teresa Zhao reviewed gene: GPR143: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 30555098, 29761529; Phenotypes: congenital nystagmus 6, MIM 300814, ty[e I ocular albinism, Nettleship-Falls type, MIM 300500; Mode of inheritance: X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Mendeliome v0.820 CARS Alison Yeung gene: CARS was added
gene: CARS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CARS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CARS were set to PMID: 30824121
Phenotypes for gene: CARS were set to Intellectual disability; microcephaly; brittle hair and nails
Added comment: Three reported unrelated families
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.637 METTL5 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: METTL5 as ready
Mendeliome v0.637 METTL5 Zornitza Stark Gene: mettl5 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.637 METTL5 Zornitza Stark Classified gene: METTL5 as Green List (high evidence)
Mendeliome v0.637 METTL5 Zornitza Stark Gene: mettl5 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.636 METTL5 Zornitza Stark gene: METTL5 was added
gene: METTL5 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: METTL5 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: METTL5 were set to 29302074; 31564433
Phenotypes for gene: METTL5 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 72, MIM# 618665
Review for gene: METTL5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families and animal model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.357 TTLL10 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TTLL10 as ready
Mendeliome v0.357 TTLL10 Zornitza Stark Gene: ttll10 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.357 TTLL10 Zornitza Stark Classified gene: TTLL10 as Red List (low evidence)
Mendeliome v0.357 TTLL10 Zornitza Stark Gene: ttll10 has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Mendeliome v0.356 TTLL10 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TTLL10: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance: None
Mendeliome v0.0 TTLL5 Zornitza Stark gene: TTLL5 was added
gene: TTLL5 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TTLL5 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 TTLL10 Zornitza Stark gene: TTLL10 was added
gene: TTLL10 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: TTLL10 was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 METTL23 Zornitza Stark gene: METTL23 was added
gene: METTL23 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: METTL23 was set to Unknown