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Mendeliome v0.3240 KIAA1217 Zornitza Stark gene: KIAA1217 was added
gene: KIAA1217 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KIAA1217 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: KIAA1217 were set to 32369272
Phenotypes for gene: KIAA1217 were set to Vertebral anomalies, syndromic and non-syndromic
Review for gene: KIAA1217 was set to AMBER
Added comment: 10 families reported, however note only 3 of the variants were absent from gnomad, inheritance not reported, most variants are missense.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3239 RAP1GDS1 Zornitza Stark gene: RAP1GDS1 was added
gene: RAP1GDS1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RAP1GDS1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RAP1GDS1 were set to 32431071
Phenotypes for gene: RAP1GDS1 were set to Intellectual disability; dysmorphic features
Review for gene: RAP1GDS1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Four individuals from two consanguineous families, same homozygous splice site variant detected.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3231 ADPRHL2 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Ataxia is part of the phenotype.
Sources: Expert list; to: 14 families reported, onset is in the first years of life following normal early development. Patients have cyclic episodic deterioration in response to stress, such as infection or febrile illness. The severity is highly variable: some patients develop seizures early in life that are associated with loss of developmental milestones and early sudden death in childhood, whereas others present at a later age with muscle weakness, gait ataxia, impaired speech, more subtle clinical deterioration, and cognitive decline. Neurologic involvement includes gait ataxia, cerebellar signs associated with cerebellar atrophy, generalized brain atrophy, impaired intellectual development, hearing loss, and peripheral neuropathy.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3230 GPR161 Zornitza Stark gene: GPR161 was added
gene: GPR161 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GPR161 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: GPR161 were set to 31609649
Phenotypes for gene: GPR161 were set to Predisposition to paediatric medulloblastoma
Review for gene: GPR161 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 6 unrelated individuals reported with germline variants, 5 with truncating, one missense. Somatic second hit in tumour tissue.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3225 ARF1 Zornitza Stark gene: ARF1 was added
gene: ARF1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ARF1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ARF1 were set to 28868155
Phenotypes for gene: ARF1 were set to Periventricular nodular heterotopia 8, MIM# 618185
Review for gene: ARF1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated individuals reported with de novo missense in this gene.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3222 MRAS Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Two unrelated individuals reported with de novo variants in this gene. Rated as LIMITED by ClinGen.
Sources: Expert list; to: Two unrelated individuals reported with de novo variants in this gene initially. Rated as LIMITED by ClinGen in 2018. Note 4 further individuals reported since.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3222 MRAS Zornitza Stark gene: MRAS was added
gene: MRAS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MRAS was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MRAS were set to 28289718
Phenotypes for gene: MRAS were set to Noonan syndrome
Review for gene: MRAS was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated individuals reported with de novo variants in this gene. Rated as LIMITED by ClinGen.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3216 NRG1 Bryony Thompson gene: NRG1 was added
gene: NRG1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: NRG1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NRG1 were set to 22574178; 21706185; 28190554
Phenotypes for gene: NRG1 were set to Hirschsprung disease
Review for gene: NRG1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Has been reported as a Hirschsprung disease susceptibility loci, with common, low-penetrance polymorphisms that contribute only partially to risk and can act as genetic modifiers. There are also two publications with rare variants reported in this gene (at least one de novo) and supporting in vitro functional assays. A null zebrafish model was also supportive of a role in Hirschsprung disease.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3211 CCDC32 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Three affected individuals from two unrelated families, supportive animal model and other functional data consistent with this being a ciliopathy.
Mendeliome v0.3209 PPP3R1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Currently just a locus; note multiple mouse models implicating a role for this gene in cardiovascular, renal and brain development.
Mendeliome v0.3207 CNRIP1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Currently just a locus, insufficient evidence for gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.3202 CAPZA2 Eleanor Williams gene: CAPZA2 was added
gene: CAPZA2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CAPZA2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: CAPZA2 were set to 32338762
Phenotypes for gene: CAPZA2 were set to intellectual disability
Review for gene: CAPZA2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: PMID: 32338762 - Huang et al 2020 - report 2 unrelated families (Chinese and European) in which a de novo heterozygous variant has been identified in CAPZA2 in paediatric probands that present with global motor development delay, speech delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia. One proband had seizures at 7 months but these were controlled with medication and did not repeat. The other proband at age one had an atypical febrile seizure that was controlled without medication. Functional studies in Drosophila suggest that these variants are mild loss of function mutations but that they can act as dominant negative variants in actin polymerization in bristles.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3202 PPP3R1 Eleanor Williams gene: PPP3R1 was added
gene: PPP3R1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PPP3R1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: PPP3R1 were set to 32337552; 19159392
Phenotypes for gene: PPP3R1 were set to Deafness, autosomal dominant 58 MIM#615654
Review for gene: PPP3R1 was set to RED
Added comment: PMID: 32337552 - Lezirovitz et al 2020- ~200 Kb genomic duplication in 2p14 was found that segregates with postlingual progressive sensorineural autosomal dominant hearing loss in a large Brazilian family with 20 affected individuals (the reported DFNA58 family from PMID: 19159392). The duplication covers PLEK and CNRIP1, and the first exon of PPP3R1 (protein coding), as well as four uncharacterized long non-coding RNA genes and part of a novel protein-coding gene. Cnrip1, Plek and Ppp3r1 genes are all expressed in the adult mouse cochlea and CNRIP1 mRNA was overexpressed in affected family members.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3202 PLEK Eleanor Williams gene: PLEK was added
gene: PLEK was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PLEK was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: PLEK were set to 32337552; 19159392
Phenotypes for gene: PLEK were set to Deafness, autosomal dominant 58 MIM#615654
Review for gene: PLEK was set to RED
Added comment: PMID: 32337552 - Lezirovitz et al 2020- ~200 Kb genomic duplication in 2p14 was found that segregates with postlingual progressive sensorineural autosomal dominant hearing loss in a large Brazilian family with 20 affected individuals (the reported DFNA58 family from PMID: 19159392). The duplication covers PLEK and CNRIP1, and the first exon of PPP3R1 (protein coding), as well as four uncharacterized long non-coding RNA genes and part of a novel protein-coding gene. Cnrip1, Plek and Ppp3r1 genes are all expressed in the adult mouse cochlea and CNRIP1 mRNA was overexpressed in affected family members.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3202 CNRIP1 Eleanor Williams gene: CNRIP1 was added
gene: CNRIP1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CNRIP1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: CNRIP1 were set to 32337552; 19159392
Phenotypes for gene: CNRIP1 were set to Deafness, autosomal dominant 58 MIM#615654
Review for gene: CNRIP1 was set to RED
Added comment: PMID: 32337552 - Lezirovitz et al 2020- ~200 Kb genomic duplication in 2p14 was found that segregates with postlingual progressive sensorineural autosomal dominant hearing loss in a large Brazilian family with 20 affected individuals (the reported DFNA58 family from PMID: 19159392). The duplication covers PLEK and CNRIP1, and the first exon of PPP3R1 (protein coding), as well as four uncharacterized long non-coding RNA genes and part of a novel protein-coding gene. Cnrip1, Plek and Ppp3r1 genes are all expressed in the adult mouse cochlea and CNRIP1 mRNA was overexpressed in affected family members.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3202 CCDC32 Eleanor Williams gene: CCDC32 was added
gene: CCDC32 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CCDC32 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CCDC32 were set to 32307552
Phenotypes for gene: CCDC32 were set to craniofacial, cardiac and neurodevelopmental anomalies
Review for gene: CCDC32 was set to AMBER
Added comment: PMID: 32307552 - Harel et al 2020 - reports 2 unrelated consanguineous families with probands with homozygous frameshift variants in CCDC32. Parents are heterozygous. Phenotype is a congenital syndrome characterized by craniofacial, cardiac and neurodevelopmental anomalies. Functional studies in zebrafish show that ccdc32 depletion impairs cilia formation and shows a role for ccdc32 in craniofacial, brain and left/right axis development.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3202 SKIV2L Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Multiple families reported with trichohepatoenteric syndrome.; to: Multiple families reported with trichohepatoenteric syndrome, agree unclear if ID is an association.
Mendeliome v0.3198 NLRP5 Zornitza Stark gene: NLRP5 was added
gene: NLRP5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NLRP5 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NLRP5 were set to 32222962; 31829238; 30877238
Phenotypes for gene: NLRP5 were set to Early embryonic arrest
Review for gene: NLRP5 was set to AMBER
Added comment: At least two families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3196 EXOC7 Zornitza Stark gene: EXOC7 was added
gene: EXOC7 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: EXOC7 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: EXOC7 were set to 32103185
Phenotypes for gene: EXOC7 were set to brain atrophy; seizures; developmental delay; microcephaly
Review for gene: EXOC7 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 4 families with 8 affected individuals with brain atrophy, seizures, and developmental delay, and in more severe cases microcephaly and infantile death. Four novel homozygous or comp.heterozygous variants found in EXOC7, which segregated with disease in the families. They showed that EXOC7, a member of the mammalian exocyst complex, is highly expressed in developing human cortex. In addition, a zebrafish model of Exoc7 deficiency recapitulates the human disorder with increased apoptosis and decreased progenitor cells during telencephalon development, suggesting that the brain atrophy in human cases reflects neuronal degeneration.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3195 HNRNPH1 Zornitza Stark gene: HNRNPH1 was added
gene: HNRNPH1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: HNRNPH1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: HNRNPH1 were set to 32335897; 29938792
Phenotypes for gene: HNRNPH1 were set to HNRNPH1‐related syndromic intellectual disability
Review for gene: HNRNPH1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 1st patient reported in 2018 with intellectual disability and dysmorphic features and HNRNPH1 heterozygous missense variant. 2020 paper reports additional 7 cases with ID, short stature, microcephaly, distinctive dysmorphic facial features, and congenital anomalies (cranial, brain, genitourinary, palate, ophthalmologic). They all had HNRNPH1 heterozygous pathogenic variants (missense, frameshift, in‐frame deletion, entire gene duplication) and were identified using clinical networks and GeneMatcher. No comments in paper if all de novo.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3194 PDCD6IP Zornitza Stark gene: PDCD6IP was added
gene: PDCD6IP was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PDCD6IP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PDCD6IP were set to 32286682
Phenotypes for gene: PDCD6IP were set to Microcephaly; intellectual disability
Review for gene: PDCD6IP was set to AMBER
Added comment: One consanguineous family with 2 affected sibs with primary microcephaly (-4SD), intellectual disability and short stature (-5/6SD), and homozygous frameshift variant in PDCD6IP. The homozygous variant was confirmed in both affected sibs, while the four healthy siblings and parents were heterozygous. The clinical features observed in the patients were similar to the phenotypes observed in mouse and zebrafish models of PDCD6IP mutations in previous studies.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3192 NME5 Zornitza Stark gene: NME5 was added
gene: NME5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NME5 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NME5 were set to 32185794
Phenotypes for gene: NME5 were set to Primary ciliary dyskinesia
Review for gene: NME5 was set to AMBER
Added comment: One patient with PCD with situs solitus, with radial spokes (RS) and central pair (CP) defects. Patient had a homozygous nonsense variant in NME5, with parents as carriers. Morpholino knockdown of nme5 in zebrafish embryos resulted in motile cilia defects with phenotypes compatible with ciliopathy.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3189 EMILIN1 Naomi Baker changed review comment from: Missense mutations identified in two families. First family, proband presented with ascending and descending aortic aneurysms, bilateral lower leg and foot sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy, arthropathy, and increased skin elasticity. Variant segregated with disease in the affected proband, mother, and son. Second family, father and three affected children showed amyotrophy and weakness of the distal lower limbs, dating back to early childhood. Some functional studies performed in patient fibroblasts and zebrafish, however these were not conclusive as the two missense mutations are at different locations within the protein.
Sources: Literature; to: Missense mutations identified in two families. First family, proband presented with ascending and descending aortic aneurysms, bilateral lower leg and foot sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy, arthropathy, and increased skin elasticity. Variant segregated with disease in the affected proband, mother, and son. Second family, father and three affected children showed amyotrophy and weakness of the distal lower limbs, dating back to early childhood. Some functional studies performed in patient fibroblasts and zebrafish, however these were not conclusive as the two missense mutations are at different locations within the protein.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3189 EMILIN1 Naomi Baker gene: EMILIN1 was added
gene: EMILIN1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: EMILIN1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: EMILIN1 were set to PMID: 31978608; 26462740.
Phenotypes for gene: EMILIN1 were set to peripheral neuropathy
Penetrance for gene: EMILIN1 were set to unknown
Review for gene: EMILIN1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Missense mutations identified in two families. First family, proband presented with ascending and descending aortic aneurysms, bilateral lower leg and foot sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy, arthropathy, and increased skin elasticity. Variant segregated with disease in the affected proband, mother, and son. Second family, father and three affected children showed amyotrophy and weakness of the distal lower limbs, dating back to early childhood. Some functional studies performed in patient fibroblasts and zebrafish, however these were not conclusive as the two missense mutations are at different locations within the protein.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3188 ADAMTS3 Zornitza Stark gene: ADAMTS3 was added
gene: ADAMTS3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ADAMTS3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ADAMTS3 were set to 28985353; 30450763
Phenotypes for gene: ADAMTS3 were set to Hennekam lymphangiectasia-lymphedema syndrome 3 (618154)
Review for gene: ADAMTS3 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two families reported, supportive functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3185 MCM3AP Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: PMID: 32202298 - Woldegebriel et al - report a further two families, one in the Netherlands and one in Estonia, with probands with compound heterozygous variants in MCM3AP and a peripheral neuropathy with or without impaired intellectual development (MIM 618124) phenotype. The child from the Netherlands presented with severe hypotonia and intellectual disability. The two siblings from the Estonian family had severe generalized epilepsy and mild spastic diplegia. Functional studies using skin fibroblasts from these and other affected patients showed that disease variants result in depletion of GANP (encoded by MCM3AP) except when they alter critical residues in the Sac3 mRNA binding domain. GANP depletion was associated with more severe phenotypes compared with the Sac3 variants.; to: PMID: 32202298 - Woldegebriel et al 2020 - report a further two families, one in the Netherlands and one in Estonia, with probands with compound heterozygous variants in MCM3AP and a peripheral neuropathy with or without impaired intellectual development (MIM 618124) phenotype. The child from the Netherlands presented with severe hypotonia and intellectual disability. The two siblings from the Estonian family had severe generalized epilepsy and mild spastic diplegia. Functional studies using skin fibroblasts from these and other affected patients showed that disease variants result in depletion of GANP (encoded by MCM3AP) except when they alter critical residues in the Sac3 mRNA binding domain. GANP depletion was associated with more severe phenotypes compared with the Sac3 variants.
Mendeliome v0.3185 SP6 Eleanor Williams gene: SP6 was added
gene: SP6 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SP6 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: SP6 were set to 32167558; 18156176; 18297738; 22676574
Phenotypes for gene: SP6 were set to hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta
Review for gene: SP6 was set to AMBER
Added comment: PMID: 32167558 - Smith et al 2020 - report a 2 bp variant c.817_818GC>AA in SP6 in a Caucasian family with autosomal dominant hypoplastic AI which results in a missense change. Report that mice and rat knockouts also show a dental phenotype (PMID: 18156176, 18297738, 22676574 )
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3185 MYH8 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Recurrent variant p.R674Q has occurred de novo in at least some families.
Mendeliome v0.3182 CACNB1 Zornitza Stark gene: CACNB1 was added
gene: CACNB1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CACNB1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CACNB1 were set to 27832566; 8943043; 29212769
Phenotypes for gene: CACNB1 were set to Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility
Added comment: A single heterozygous case with a positive IVCT muscle biopsy has been reported with p.Val156Ala. The European non-Finnish allele frequency in gnomAD v2.1 is 0.001146 (148/129,118 alleles), which is higher than the expected population frequency for dominantly inherited malignant hyperthermia (0.1%). Additionally, functional assays of this variant, suggest it would only significantly affect function in the homozygous state (suggesting a recessive condition).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3174 TSHZ1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Two individuals reported with LoF variants, both with a phenotype of congenital aural atresia and hyposmia (PMID: 22152683). Temporal and spatial expression of Tshz1 mRNA during development of the middle ear is consistent with the phenotype (PMID: 17586487). Tsh2 null mouse model showed a middle ear malformation, and neonatal lethality. A conditional nervous system-specific Tshz1 knock out mouse model demonstrated hyposmia (PMIDs: 24487590; 17586487).; to: Two individuals reported with LoF variants, both with a phenotype of congenital aural atresia and hyposmia (PMID: 22152683). Temporal and spatial expression of Tshz1 mRNA during development of the middle ear is consistent with the phenotype (PMID: 17586487). Tsh2 null mouse model showed a middle ear malformation, and neonatal lethality. A conditional nervous system-specific Tshz1 knock out mouse model demonstrated hyposmia (PMIDs: 24487590; 17586487). Also note original report contains four individuals with deletions of this gene, further supporting gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.3164 MT-TP Bryony Thompson Added comment: Comment on list classification: This is a mitochondrial gene, which is on the Mitochondrial disease gene panel.
Mendeliome v0.3156 AXL Bryony Thompson gene: AXL was added
gene: AXL was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: AXL was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: AXL were set to 18787040; 24476074
Phenotypes for gene: AXL were set to Kallman syndrome; normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Review for gene: AXL was set to AMBER
Added comment: Axl null mice had delayed first oestrus and persistently abnormal oestrous cyclicality compared with wild-type controls. Only a single study reported screening human cases. In a screen of 104 probands with KS or nIHH, four heterozygous AXL mutations were identified in two KS and two nIHH unrelated subjects (two males and two females). Three of the variants appear to be too common in gnomAD v2.1 given the reported prevalence of KS reported in GeneReviews (1:30,000 in males and 1:125,000 in females): c.587-6C>T (normal splicing in RNA studies, NFE AF 0.0001472), p.Q361P (NFE 0.002560), p.L50F (AJ 0.004405). The other variant p.S202C (4 hets, 1 female in gnomAD v2.1) is rare enough in gnomAD for a dominant disorder. In vitro functional assays were conducted and p.S202C had an significant effect on function, but so did the more common variant p.Q361P.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3150 GOLGA2 Elena Savva gene: GOLGA2 was added
gene: GOLGA2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: GOLGA2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GOLGA2 were set to PMID: 30237576; 26742501
Phenotypes for gene: GOLGA2 were set to Nueromuscular disorder
Review for gene: GOLGA2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: PMID: 30237576 - One 11 year old patient with a homozygous PTC.
Patient had global dev delay, microcephaly, distal muscle weakness with joint contractures and elevated CK levels. Muscle biopsy showed dystrophin changes. MRI at 2 years old showed brain atrophy with thin corpus callosum and hypomyelination. No seizures or regression.

PMID: 26742501 - One infant with a homozygous PTC.
Patient had dev delay, seizures, microcephaly and muscular dystrophy. Zebrafish null model recapitulates the human phenotype with microcephaly and skeletal muscle disorganization.

Summary: 2 patients + animal model
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3125 FITM2 Bryony Thompson gene: FITM2 was added
gene: FITM2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: FITM2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FITM2 were set to 28067622; 30214770; 30288795
Phenotypes for gene: FITM2 were set to Siddiqi syndrome MIM#618635; dystonia; deafness
Review for gene: FITM2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 7 cases from 3 unrelated families (2 consanguineous) with a dystonia-deafness syndrome and a supporting Drosophila model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3110 STAG3 Bryony Thompson gene: STAG3 was added
gene: STAG3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: STAG3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: STAG3 were set to 24597867; 26059840; 31803224; 31363903
Phenotypes for gene: STAG3 were set to Premature ovarian failure 8 MIM#615723
Review for gene: STAG3 was set to GREEN
Added comment: At least four unrelated families with ovarian failure and a supporting null mouse model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3108 SOHLH1 Bryony Thompson gene: SOHLH1 was added
gene: SOHLH1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SOHLH1 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SOHLH1 were set to 25774885; 16690745; 31042289; 20506135; 28718531
Phenotypes for gene: SOHLH1 were set to Ovarian dysgenesis 5 MIM#617690; Spermatogenic failure 32 MIM#618115
Review for gene: SOHLH1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Women in 3 unrelated families with ovarian dysgenesis and homozygous variants, and a supporting null mouse model.
At least 4 males with heterozygous variants and spermatogenic failure.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3106 HFM1 Bryony Thompson gene: HFM1 was added
gene: HFM1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: HFM1 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: HFM1 were set to 23555294; 24597873; 31279343
Phenotypes for gene: HFM1 were set to Premature ovarian failure 9 MIM#615724
Review for gene: HFM1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three cases from 2 unrelated families with compound heterozygous variants, and a single family with a heterozygous variant have been reported with ovarian failure. There is also a supporting null mouse model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3088 DCAF8 Bryony Thompson gene: DCAF8 was added
gene: DCAF8 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: DCAF8 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: DCAF8 were set to 24500646
Phenotypes for gene: DCAF8 were set to Giant axonal neuropathy 2, autosomal dominant MIM#610100
Review for gene: DCAF8 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A single large family segregating a missense variant and in vitro functional assays demonstrating the variant reduces the association of DCAF8 and DDB1, which is important in Cul4-ubiquitin E3 function
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3086 ARL6IP1 Bryony Thompson gene: ARL6IP1 was added
gene: ARL6IP1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ARL6IP1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ARL6IP1 were set to 24482476; 31272422; 30980493; 28471035
Phenotypes for gene: ARL6IP1 were set to Spastic paraplegia 61, autosomal recessive MIM#615685
Review for gene: ARL6IP1 was set to GREEN
gene: ARL6IP1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: At least 4 families reported with paediatric onset complicated spastic paraplegia and neuropathy. Supporting zebrafish model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3084 PMP2 Bryony Thompson gene: PMP2 was added
gene: PMP2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PMP2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PMP2 were set to 26257172; 26828946; 27009151
Phenotypes for gene: PMP2 were set to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, type 1G MIM#618279
Review for gene: PMP2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 4 unrelated families reported with missense variants, with supporting transgenic mouse and null zebrafish models.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3075 SV2B Seb Lunke gene: SV2B was added
gene: SV2B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SV2B was set to Unknown
Publications for gene: SV2B were set to 23617838; 23937191
Phenotypes for gene: SV2B were set to seizures
Review for gene: SV2B was set to RED
Added comment: Multiply described in Epilepsy studies investigating role of SV2 gene family, however no patients directly attributed to variants in this gene and mouse models indicate viability without seizures. Sources: Literature
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3073 RYR3 Zornitza Stark gene: RYR3 was added
gene: RYR3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: RYR3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RYR3 were set to 29498452; 32451403; 31230720
Phenotypes for gene: RYR3 were set to Nemaline myopathy; fetal akinesia; arthrogryposis
Review for gene: RYR3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: One family reported with nemaline myopathy and other cases reported as part of large fetal akinesia/arthrogryposis discovery cohorts reporting multiple novel gene candidates.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3065 HMGA2 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: HMGA2: Added comment: At least four families reported with SNVs.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 29655892, 25809938, 29453418, 29655892, 28796236; Changed phenotypes: Silver-Russel syndrome, MIM#618908
Mendeliome v0.3051 TRIM69 Zornitza Stark gene: TRIM69 was added
gene: TRIM69 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRIM69 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TRIM69 were set to 22105173
Phenotypes for gene: TRIM69 were set to Susceptibility to herpes simplex encephalitis
Review for gene: TRIM69 was set to RED
Added comment: One individual with bi-allelic and one individual with mono-allelic variants in this gene described.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3050 LIMS2 Zornitza Stark gene: LIMS2 was added
gene: LIMS2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: LIMS2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LIMS2 were set to 25589244; 16317048
Phenotypes for gene: LIMS2 were set to Muscular dystrophy, autosomal recessive, with cardiomyopathy and triangular tongue MIM#616827
Review for gene: LIMS2 was set to RED
Added comment: Only one family reported and Pinch2 -/- mice were viable and fertile with no apparent phenotype.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3048 PSMB1 Zornitza Stark gene: PSMB1 was added
gene: PSMB1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PSMB1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PSMB1 were set to 32129449
Phenotypes for gene: PSMB1 were set to Intellectual disability; microcephaly
Review for gene: PSMB1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two siblings reported with a homozygous missense variant in this gene; supportive experimental evidence including zebrafish model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3044 C16orf62 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: HGNC approved name: VPS35L. Two variants have been reported as compound heterozygotes in two sibs with features of 3C/Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome. Functional studies show that loss of VPS35L function results in impared autophagy and VPS35L knockout mouse resulted in early embrionic lethality (PMID 25434475).
Sources: Expert list; to: HGNC approved name: VPS35L. Two variants have been reported as compound heterozygotes in two sibs with features of 3C/Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome. Functional studies show that loss of VPS35L function results in impared autophagy and VPS35L knockout mouse resulted in early embrionic lethality (PMID 25434475;31712251).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3037 C16orf62 Zornitza Stark gene: C16orf62 was added
gene: C16orf62 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: C16orf62 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: C16orf62 were set to 25434475
Phenotypes for gene: C16orf62 were set to 3C/Ritscher-Schinzel-like syndrome
Review for gene: C16orf62 was set to AMBER
Added comment: HGNC approved name: VPS35L. Two variants have been reported as compound heterozygotes in two sibs with features of 3C/Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome. Functional studies show that loss of VPS35L function results in impared autophagy and VPS35L knockout mouse resulted in early embrionic lethality (PMID 25434475).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.3028 NUP88 Zornitza Stark gene: NUP88 was added
gene: NUP88 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NUP88 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NUP88 were set to 30543681
Phenotypes for gene: NUP88 were set to Fetal akinesia deformation sequence 4, MIM# 618393
Review for gene: NUP88 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families, functional data on the variants support pathogenicity as does a zebrafish model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3024 RBL2 Zornitza Stark gene: RBL2 was added
gene: RBL2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RBL2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RBL2 were set to 32105419; 9806916
Phenotypes for gene: RBL2 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: RBL2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported with pair of affected siblings. Supportive mouse model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3022 GRM7 Zornitza Stark gene: GRM7 was added
gene: GRM7 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GRM7 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GRM7 were set to 32286009; 32248644
Phenotypes for gene: GRM7 were set to Epilepsy, microcephaly, developmental delay
Review for gene: GRM7 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Eleven individuals from six families reported, three different homozygous variants (two missense, one LoF). Developmental delay, neonatal‐ or infantile‐onset epilepsy, and microcephaly were universal. Supportive mouse model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3017 PERP Zornitza Stark gene: PERP was added
gene: PERP was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PERP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PERP were set to 31898316
Phenotypes for gene: PERP were set to Erythrokeratoderma, no OMIM # yet
Review for gene: PERP was set to AMBER
Added comment: One extended multiplex consanguineous family with Erythrokeratoderma (striking similarity to that observed in Perp −/− mice), and a novel homozygous variant (c.466G>A; p.Gly156Arg) in PERP that fully segregated with the phenotype. Functional analysis of patient‐ and control‐derived keratinocytes revealed a deleterious effect of the identified variant on the intracellular localization of PERP. A previous report showed that PERP mutation causes a dominant form of keratoderma but a single patient in that report with a homozygous variant in PERP suggests that recessive inheritance is also possible.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3015 ADCY6 Zornitza Stark gene: ADCY6 was added
gene: ADCY6 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ADCY6 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ADCY6 were set to 24319099; 26257172; 31846058
Phenotypes for gene: ADCY6 were set to Lethal congenital contracture syndrome 8, OMIM # 616287
Review for gene: ADCY6 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Laquerriere et al. (2014): 2 sibs from a consanguineous family with an axoglial form of lethal congenital contracture syndrome, and homozygous missense ADCY6 mutation (R1116C). The parents were heterozygous for the mutation. Knocked down ADCY6 orthologs in zebrafish showed a loss of myelin basic protein expression in the peripheral nervous system but no defects in Schwann cell migration and axonal growth. Gonzaga‐Jauregui et al. (2015): 1 patient with congenital hypotonia, distal joint contractures, hypomyelinating neuropathy, and vocal cord paralysis, and a homozygous missense ADCY6 variant. No functional studies. Deceased sister with a similar phenotype with hypotonia, areflexia, and hypomyelinating neuropathy who died at 18 months of respiratory insufficiency. Agolini et al. (2020): 1 patient with severe form of AMC, with two novel compound heterozygous variants in ADCY6 (parents confirmed carriers), but no functional studies.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3014 DSCR3 Zornitza Stark gene: DSCR3 was added
gene: DSCR3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DSCR3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: DSCR3 were set to 31845315
Phenotypes for gene: DSCR3 were set to Intellectual disability, no OMIM # yet
Review for gene: DSCR3 was set to RED
Added comment: 1 family/2 cousins with cognitive impairment, growth failure, skeletal abnormalities, and distinctive facial features. Both shared the homozygous nonsense variant c.178G>T (p.Glu60*) in the VPS26C gene. This gene encodes VPS26C, a member of the retriever integral membrane protein recycling pathway. The nature of the variant which is predicted to result in loss‐of‐function, expression studies revealing significant reduction in the mutant transcript, and the co‐segregation of the homozygous variant with the phenotype in two affected individuals.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3013 LEF1 Zornitza Stark gene: LEF1 was added
gene: LEF1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: LEF1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: LEF1 were set to 32022899
Phenotypes for gene: LEF1 were set to Ectodermal dysplasia, no OMIM# yet
Review for gene: LEF1 was set to RED
Added comment: In mice, targeted inactivation of the LEF1 gene results in a complete block of development of multiple ectodermal appendages. One report of two unrelated patients with 4q25 de novo deletion encompassing LEF1 , associated with severe oligodontia of primary and permanent dentition, hypotrichosis and hypohidrosis compatible with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. So far, no pathogenic variants or variations involving the LEF1 gene have been reported in human.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.3010 OTUD7A Zornitza Stark gene: OTUD7A was added
gene: OTUD7A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: OTUD7A was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: OTUD7A were set to 31997314
Phenotypes for gene: OTUD7A were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, no OMIM# yet
Review for gene: OTUD7A was set to RED
Added comment: One patient with severe global developmental delay, language impairment and epileptic encephalopathy. Homozygous OTUD7A missense variant (c.697C>T, p.Leu233Phe), predicted to alter an ultraconserved amino acid, lying within the OTU catalytic domain. Its subsequent segregation analysis revealed that the parents, presenting with learning disability, and brother were heterozygous carriers. Biochemical assays demonstrated that proteasome complex formation and function were significantly reduced in patient‐derived fibroblasts and in OTUD7A knockout HAP1 cell line. Gene lies in the chromosome 15q13.3 region. Heterozygous microdeletions of chromosome 15q13.3 show incomplete penetrance and are associated with a highly variable phenotype that may include intellectual disability, epilepsy, facial dysmorphism and digit anomalies.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2996 ARL13B Zornitza Stark Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.2996 ARL13B Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: ARL13B: Added comment: Eight families reported in the literature. Many are homozygous missense variants in consanguineous families with no further supporting evidence, but sufficient number have functional evidence at protein level. Gene has appropriate tissue expression. Zebrafish model: curved tails and cystic kidneys. Hennin mouse model discovered in ENU mutagenesis screen: has polydactyly, ciliary defect, and much more severe neurological phenotype (neural tube defect).; Changed publications: 18674751, 25138100, 26092869, 27894351, 29255182, 17488627
Mendeliome v0.2987 TTC5 Zornitza Stark gene: TTC5 was added
gene: TTC5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TTC5 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TTC5 were set to 29302074; 32439809
Phenotypes for gene: TTC5 were set to Central hypotonia; Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Abnormality of nervous system morphology; Microcephaly; Abnormality of the face; Behavioral abnormality; Abnormality of the genitourinary system
Review for gene: TTC5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Eleven individuals from seven families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2977 HIST1H4J Zornitza Stark gene: HIST1H4J was added
gene: HIST1H4J was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: HIST1H4J was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: HIST1H4J were set to 31804630
Phenotypes for gene: HIST1H4J were set to microcephaly; intellectual disability; dysmorphic features
Review for gene: HIST1H4J was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single case report but with functional evidence in zebrafish and phenotypic similarity to other HIST1H4C phenotype
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2971 TOR1AIP1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Highly variable phenotype. Few of the features are consistently reported across affected individuals.
Mendeliome v0.2965 USP8 Bryony Thompson gene: USP8 was added
gene: USP8 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
somatic tags were added to gene: USP8.
Mode of inheritance for gene: USP8 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: USP8 were set to 25675982; 24482476; 25485838; 25942478
Phenotypes for gene: USP8 were set to Pituitary adenoma 4, ACTH-secreting, somatic MIM#219090; hereditary spastic paraplegia
Review for gene: USP8 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Recurrent somatic gain of function missense variants in pituitary adenomas cause Cushing's disease.
A single family reported with spastic paraplegia with a homozygous variant, and a zebrafish model with a movement disorder.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2959 SCYL2 Zornitza Stark gene: SCYL2 was added
gene: SCYL2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SCYL2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SCYL2 were set to 31960134; 26203146
Phenotypes for gene: SCYL2 were set to Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC); Zain syndrome
Review for gene: SCYL2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported with AMC, variable other features including microcephaly.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2957 VWA3B Bryony Thompson Added comment: Comment on list classification: Single family and in vitro assay only
Mendeliome v0.2956 RIMS2 Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: Biallelic LoF variants segregate with Syndromic Congenital Cone-Rod Synaptic Disease in 7 individuals across 4 families. Some functional studies related to insulin secretion but they are non-significant.
Sources: Literature; to: Biallelic LoF variants segregate with Syndromic Congenital Cone-Rod Synaptic Disease in 7 individuals across 4 families. Some functional studies related to insulin secretion but they are non-significant. Several individuals had autism. One had night blindness.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2955 VWA3B Bryony Thompson gene: VWA3B was added
gene: VWA3B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: VWA3B was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: VWA3B were set to 26157035
Phenotypes for gene: VWA3B were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 22 MIM#616948
Review for gene: VWA3B was set to AMBER
Added comment: A homozygous missense variant was identified in 3 brothers from a single consanguineous Japanese family with autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia. Transfection of the mutant VWA3B protein into several different cultured cell lines resulted in decreased cell viability.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2953 SOX6 Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: 6 LoF, 4 missense, and 6 intragenic deletion variants identified in individuals with a neurodevelopmental syndrome, however the number of families is unclear to me (paper says 19 individuals from 17 families). 12 were de novo.
Sources: Literature; to: 6 LoF, 4 missense, and 6 intragenic deletion variants identified in individuals with a neurodevelopmental syndrome. Paper says 19 individuals from 17 families. 12 were de novo.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2952 SOX6 Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: 6 LoF, 4 missense, and 6 intragenic deletion variants identified in individuals with a neurodevelopmental syndrome, however the number of families is unclear to me.
Sources: Literature; to: 6 LoF, 4 missense, and 6 intragenic deletion variants identified in individuals with a neurodevelopmental syndrome, however the number of families is unclear to me (paper says 19 individuals from 17 families). 12 were de novo.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2950 PLD3 Bryony Thompson gene: PLD3 was added
gene: PLD3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PLD3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PLD3 were set to 29053796; 30312375; 30312384
Phenotypes for gene: PLD3 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia 46 MIM#617770
Review for gene: PLD3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A heterozygous missense was identified in 8 affected members of a single family with spinocerebellar ataxia, and supporting in vitro functional assays.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2949 SOX6 Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: 6 LoF and 4 missense variants identified in individuals with a neurodevelopmental syndrome, however the number of families is unclear to me.
Sources: Literature; to: 6 LoF, 4 missense, and 6 intragenic deletion variants identified in individuals with a neurodevelopmental syndrome, however the number of families is unclear to me.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2949 SPATA13 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Adult-onset.
Mendeliome v0.2944 POC5 Bryony Thompson gene: POC5 was added
gene: POC5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: POC5 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: POC5 were set to 25642776; 29272404
Phenotypes for gene: POC5 were set to Idiopathic scoliosis; retinitis pigmentosa; short stature; microcephaly; recurrent glomerulonephritis
Review for gene: POC5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three heterozygous missense variants identified in three families segregating with idiopathic scoliosis, and supporting zebrafish models for each of the missense variants.
Also, one case reported with retinitis pigmentosa, short stature, microcephaly, and recurrent glomerulonephritis with a homozygous truncating variant and a supporting zebrafish model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2943 KIF3B Paul De Fazio gene: KIF3B was added
gene: KIF3B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KIF3B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Phenotypes for gene: KIF3B were set to hepatic fibrosis; retinitis pigmentosa; postaxial polydactyly
Review for gene: KIF3B was set to AMBER
Added comment: 2 families reported with missense variants, one de novo and one segregating in a six-generation pedigree. Functional studies in zebrafish showed the variants result in impaired rhodopsin trafficking.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2943 SPATA13 Ain Roesley changed review comment from: PMID: 32339198; 10 unrelated probands with missense except for 2 families with inframe del of 9bp.
Sources: Literature; to: PMID: 32339198; 10 unrelated probands with missense except for 2 families with inframe del of 9bp.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2943 SPATA13 Ain Roesley gene: SPATA13 was added
gene: SPATA13 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SPATA13 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SPATA13 were set to PMID: 32339198
Phenotypes for gene: SPATA13 were set to primary angle-closure glaucoma
Added comment: PMID: 32339198; 10 unrelated probands with missense except for 2 families with inframe del of 9bp.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2943 SOX6 Paul De Fazio gene: SOX6 was added
gene: SOX6 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SOX6 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SOX6 were set to 32442410
Phenotypes for gene: SOX6 were set to ADHD; Craniosynostosis; Osteochondromas
Added comment: 6 LoF and 4 missense variants identified in individuals with a neurodevelopmental syndrome, however the number of families is unclear to me.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2943 CNP Kristin Rigbye gene: CNP was added
gene: CNP was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CNP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CNP were set to 32128616; 12590258
Phenotypes for gene: CNP were set to Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy
Review for gene: CNP was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single consanguineous family described with homozygous missense in affected child (additional two affected deceased offspring unavailable for testing; healthy carrier parents and sibling).
Loss of protein by Western blot and defect in F-actin structure and organization observed in patient fibroblasts.
Deficiency of CNP in mouse has previously been shown to cause a lethal white matter neurodegenerative phenotype (PMID: 12590258), similar to the phenotype observed in this family.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2943 RIMS2 Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: Segregates with Syndromic Congenital Cone-Rod Synaptic Disease in 7 individuals across 4 families. Some functional studies related to insulin secretion but they are non-significant.
Sources: Literature; to: Biallelic LoF variants segregate with Syndromic Congenital Cone-Rod Synaptic Disease in 7 individuals across 4 families. Some functional studies related to insulin secretion but they are non-significant.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2943 TRIM71 Elena Savva gene: TRIM71 was added
gene: TRIM71 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRIM71 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: TRIM71 were set to PMID: 29983323; 32168371; 30975633
Phenotypes for gene: TRIM71 were set to Hydrocephalus, congenital communicating, 1 618667
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: TRIM71 was set to Other
Added comment: PMID: 29983323 - 3 unrelated patients with de novo missense and hydrocephalus with ventriculomegaly (p.Arg608His recurrent). One patient then transmitted the variant to an affected child.

PMID: 32168371 - refers to the gene as an established sources of neurodevelopmental disorder

PMID: 30975633 - identifies and proves by functional studies that TRIM71 is essential for neurodevelopment. Proposes a LOF mechanism.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2943 RIMS2 Paul De Fazio gene: RIMS2 was added
gene: RIMS2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RIMS2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RIMS2 were set to 32470375
Review for gene: RIMS2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Segregates with Syndromic Congenital Cone-Rod Synaptic Disease in 7 individuals across 4 families. Some functional studies related to insulin secretion but they are non-significant.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2942 RBM7 Bryony Thompson gene: RBM7 was added
gene: RBM7 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: RBM7 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RBM7 were set to 27193168
Phenotypes for gene: RBM7 were set to SMA-like spinal motor neuropathy; dHMN/dSMA
Review for gene: RBM7 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single case with a homozygote variant, with functional assays in patient fibroblasts. Also, supporting zebrafish model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2940 SORD Seb Lunke gene: SORD was added
gene: SORD was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SORD was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SORD were set to 32367058
Phenotypes for gene: SORD were set to isolated hereditary neuropathy
Review for gene: SORD was set to GREEN
gene: SORD was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 45 individuals from 38 families across multiple ancestries carrying the nonsense c.757delG
(p.Ala253GlnfsTer27) variant in SORD, in either a homozygous or compound heterozygous state
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2932 DNAH6 Elena Savva gene: DNAH6 was added
gene: DNAH6 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DNAH6 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DNAH6 were set to PMID: 26918822
Phenotypes for gene: DNAH6 were set to Heterotaxy, Azoospermia
Review for gene: DNAH6 was set to AMBER
Added comment: PMID: 26918822 - zebrafish model has disrupted motile cilia and cilia length, with some body axis defects within embryos. Transfected human cells also had defective motile cilia and cilia width.
Two patients with heterotaxy, one homozygous (missense), the other heterozygous (missense), but the heterozygous carrier has an additional known PCD mutation in DNA1.

Summary: 1 convincing patient with animal model
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2926 PRKAG3 Bryony Thompson reviewed gene: PRKAG3: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments; Publications: 17878938, 10818001; Phenotypes: increased glycogen content in skeletal muscle; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.2920 MTMR14 Bryony Thompson Added comment: Comment on list classification: No evidence of Mendelian disease
Mendeliome v0.2906 SNRNP200 Ain Roesley changed review comment from: PMID: 31260034; more than 20 families reported with either de novo or AD with RP or retinal dystrophy (RD)

PMID: 29320387; p.(Arg1090Gln) in a proband with RP from a consag family with unaffected het parents and sibling

PMID: 23847139; p.(Pro1045Thr) homozygous in a patient with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA)

PMID: 31260034: p.(Arg545His) homozygous in a patient with RP with asymptomatic het parents and sister

PMID: 27735924: in a patient with RP who is cHet for p.(Pro105Thr) in SNRNP200 and a 1.4Mb deletion spanning SNRNP200. Father is a carrier of the missense and is unaffected and the deletion was de novo; to: PMID: 31260034; more than 20 families reported with either de novo or AD with RP or retinal dystrophy (RD)

PMID: 29320387; p.(Arg1090Gln) in a proband with RP from a consag family with unaffected het parents and sibling

PMID: 23847139; p.(Pro1045Thr) homozygous in a patient with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA)

PMID: 31260034: p.(Arg545His) homozygous in a patient with RP with asymptomatic het parents and sister

PMID: 27735924: in a patient with RP who is cHet for p.(Pro105Thr) in SNRNP200 and a 1.1Mb deletion spanning SNRNP200. Father is a carrier of the missense and is unaffected and the deletion was de novo
Mendeliome v0.2906 SNRNP200 Ain Roesley changed review comment from: PMID: 31260034; more than 20 families reported with either de novo or AD with RP or retinal dystrophy (RD)

PMID: 29320387; p.(Arg1090Gln) in a proband with RP from a consag family with unaffected het parents and sibling

PMID: 23847139; p.(Pro1045Thr) homozygous in a patient with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA)

PMID: 31260034: p.(Arg545His) homozygous in a patient with RP with asymptomatic het parents and sister

PMID: 27735924: in a patient with RP who is cHet for p.(Pro105Thr) in SNRNP200 and a 1.1Mb deletion spanning SNRNP200. Father is a carrier of the missense and is unaffected and the deletion was de novo; to: PMID: 31260034; more than 20 families reported with either de novo or AD with RP or retinal dystrophy (RD)

PMID: 29320387; p.(Arg1090Gln) in a proband with RP from a consag family with unaffected het parents and sibling

PMID: 23847139; p.(Pro1045Thr) homozygous in a patient with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA)

PMID: 31260034: p.(Arg545His) homozygous in a patient with RP with asymptomatic het parents and sister

PMID: 27735924: in a patient with RP who is cHet for p.(Pro105Thr) in SNRNP200 and a 1.4Mb deletion spanning SNRNP200. Father is a carrier of the missense and is unaffected and the deletion was de novo
Mendeliome v0.2889 ARL3 Bryony Thompson gene: ARL3 was added
gene: ARL3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ARL3 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ARL3 were set to 30269812; 16565502; 26964041; 30932721
Phenotypes for gene: ARL3 were set to Joubert syndrome 35 MIM#618161; Retinitis pigmentosa 83 MIM#618173
Review for gene: ARL3 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 4 patients from 2 unrelated consanguineous families with a phenotype resembling Joubert syndrome with homozygous missense mutations affecting the same residue (R149C, R149H), and supporting in vitro functional assays. All reported cases had rod-cone dystrophy. An Arl3 null mouse model has a ciliary disease phenotype affecting the kidney, biliary tract, pancreas, and retina.
Two unrelated families with retinitis pigmentosa segregating the same heterozygous missense variant (Y90C).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2882 CEP19 Bryony Thompson gene: CEP19 was added
gene: CEP19 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CEP19 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CEP19 were set to 29127258; 24268657
Phenotypes for gene: CEP19 were set to Morbid obesity and spermatogenic failure MIM#615703
Review for gene: CEP19 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A consanguineous Arab family with morbid obesity and infertility with a homozygous predicted null variant, and a mouse model that recapitulates the phenotype. Another homozygous variant has been identified in a consanguineous Bardet Beidl syndrome.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2880 DALRD3 Zornitza Stark gene: DALRD3 was added
gene: DALRD3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DALRD3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DALRD3 were set to 32427860
Phenotypes for gene: DALRD3 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy
Review for gene: DALRD3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two individuals reported with same homozygous nonsense variant, functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2876 KRAS Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: KRAS were changed from to Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome 2 615278; Noonan syndrome 3 609942; RAS-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disorder 614470; Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome, somatic mosaic 163200
Mendeliome v0.2867 DHX30 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Twelve unrelated individuals reported with de novo missense variants, some recurrent.
Mendeliome v0.2861 KRAS Elena Savva reviewed gene: KRAS: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: Other; Publications: PMID: 23059812, 17056636; Phenotypes: Arteriovenous malformation of the brain, somatic 108010, Bladder cancer, somatic 109800, Breast cancer, somatic 114480, Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome 2 615278, Gastric cancer, somatic 137215, Leukemia, acute myeloid 601626, . Lung cancer, somatic 211980, Noonan syndrome 3 609942, Pancreatic carcinoma, somatic 260350, RAS-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disorder 614470, Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome, somatic mosaic 163200; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown; Current diagnostic: yes
Mendeliome v0.2861 FAT1 Ee Ming Wong changed review comment from: - 5 consanguineous families with homozygous frameshift mutations in FAN1
- FAN1 KO mice had microphthalmia, with fully penetrant coloboma which was not observed in heterozygous mice
- in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, FAN1 knockdown resulted in compromised early cell-cell junction integrity and filament organisation; to: - 5 consanguineous families with homozygous frameshift mutations in FAN1
- FAN1 KO mice had microphthalmia, with fully penetrant coloboma which was not observed in heterozygous mice
- in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, FAN1 knockdown resulted in compromised early cell-cell junction integrity and filament organisation
Mendeliome v0.2859 JARID2 Zornitza Stark gene: JARID2 was added
gene: JARID2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: JARID2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: JARID2 were set to 23294540
Phenotypes for gene: JARID2 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: JARID2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Emerging evidence that haploinsufficiency causes neurodevelopmental phenotypes, mostly based on CNV data to date.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.2853 TRIP12 Zornitza Stark commented on gene: TRIP12: At least 10 unrelated patients reported with ID with or without autism (PMIDs: 27848077, 28251352).
Mendeliome v0.2847 CLCC1 Bryony Thompson gene: CLCC1 was added
gene: CLCC1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CLCC1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CLCC1 were set to 30157172
Phenotypes for gene: CLCC1 were set to Retinitis pigmentosa 32
Review for gene: CLCC1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A presumptive Pakastani founder mutation (c.75C>A, p.D25E) was identified in 8 consanguineous arRP families. A knockout zebrafish model and a Clcc1 +/- mouse model had a supporting retinal phenotype.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2842 B9D1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Two unrelated individuals with JS and bi-allelic variants in this gene, plus one individual with a more severe Meckel phenotype described. Intellectual disability is part of the phenotype.
Sources: Expert list; to: Two unrelated individuals with JS and bi-allelic variants in this gene, plus one individual with a more severe Meckel phenotype described. This latter individual had a splice site variant and a deletion. Splice variant proven to result in exon skipping -> PTC, but the deletion spans a large region including 18 other genes. Patient also had an additional variant in CEP290 called LP. Authors perform functional studies on patient cells but given the large deletion/CEP290 variant i dont see the results are usable PMID: 25920555 - another report of digenic inheritance - not usable, patient was only heterozygous for a single B9D1 variant.
Mendeliome v0.2839 BBIP1 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: BBIP1: Added comment: Additional family reported.; Changed publications: 24026985, 32055034
Mendeliome v0.2832 STARD7 Zornitza Stark gene: STARD7 was added
gene: STARD7 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
STR tags were added to gene: STARD7.
Mode of inheritance for gene: STARD7 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: STARD7 were set to 11701600; 24114805; 31664034
Phenotypes for gene: STARD7 were set to Epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 2, 607876
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: STARD7 was set to Other
Review for gene: STARD7 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 158 individuals from 22 families reported with heterozygous 5-bp repeat expansion (ATTTC)n in intron 1 of the STARD7 gene.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2825 PDXK Russell Gear gene: PDXK was added
gene: PDXK was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PDXK was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PDXK were set to (PMID: 31187503)
Phenotypes for gene: PDXK were set to Axonal polyneuropathy; optic atrophy
Review for gene: PDXK was set to RED
Added comment: Currently two unrelated families with axonal polyneuropathy and optic atrophy described in the same paper, with bi-allelic PDXK pathogenic variants. Functional work in the same paper includes work on patient derived fibroblasts, measurement of an axonal damage biomarker (NFL protein), and response to PLP supplementation treatment.

Need one further unrelated family to upgrade to green?
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2814 LRRC56 Elena Savva gene: LRRC56 was added
gene: LRRC56 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: LRRC56 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LRRC56 were set to PMID: 30388400
Phenotypes for gene: LRRC56 were set to Ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 39 618254
Added comment: PMID: 30388400 - used protist null model to show abnormal ciliary beatings, replicated the phenotype when the protist was transfected with mutant allele observed in a patient.
3 unrelated families reported with either homozygous splice, missense or chet (nonsense/splice). Patients exhibited phenotypes including chronic respiratory/ear infections, situs inversus
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2806 GFI1B Bryony Thompson gene: GFI1B was added
gene: GFI1B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GFI1B was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GFI1B were set to 24325358; 23927492; 28041820; 11825872
Phenotypes for gene: GFI1B were set to Bleeding disorder, platelet-type, 17 MIM#187900
Review for gene: GFI1B was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three families with a heterozygous variant and one case with a homozygous variant, with supporting in vitro functional assays. A null mouse model contained erythroid and megakaryocytic precursors arrested in their development.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2791 CEP112 Bryony Thompson gene: CEP112 was added
gene: CEP112 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CEP112 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CEP112 were set to 31654588
Phenotypes for gene: CEP112 were set to Acephalic spermatozoa; infertility
Review for gene: CEP112 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated cases reported with acephalic spermatozoa, one case with a homozygous nonsense variant and the other case with biallelic missense variants. CEP112 expression was significantly reduced in one of the cases, suggesting loss of function as a mechanism of disease.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2790 PRKD1 Kristin Rigbye changed review comment from: Only 3 pathogenic missense reported to date, although two of these are recurring in unrelated individuals (ClinVar, Decipher, PMID: 27479907). No functional studies performed.; to: Only 3 pathogenic missense reported to date in unrelated individuals (ClinVar, Decipher, PMID: 27479907). No functional studies performed.
Mendeliome v0.2790 KPNA7 Alison Yeung gene: KPNA7 was added
gene: KPNA7 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KPNA7 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: KPNA7 were set to 24045845; 32179771
Phenotypes for gene: KPNA7 were set to Epilepsy; intellectual disability
Review for gene: KPNA7 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family with two siblings
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2788 NR4A2 Zornitza Stark gene: NR4A2 was added
gene: NR4A2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NR4A2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NR4A2 were set to 31428396; 30504930; 29770430; 12756136; 9092472
Phenotypes for gene: NR4A2 were set to Intellectual disability; epilepsy
Review for gene: NR4A2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Over ten individuals reported with mono-allelic variants in this gene and neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Link with dementia/Parkinson's disease disputed.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2787 TET2 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: TET2: Added comment: Association study (PMID 32330418) found enrichment of non-coding and LoF TET2 variants in cohort of individuals with early onset dementia, unclear if this is monogenic or polygenic contribution.; Changed publications: 30890702, 31827242, 32330418
Mendeliome v0.2786 TOMM70 Zornitza Stark gene: TOMM70 was added
gene: TOMM70 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TOMM70 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TOMM70 were set to 31907385; 32356556
Phenotypes for gene: TOMM70 were set to Severe anaemia, lactic acidosis, developmental delay; White matter abnormalities, developmental delay, regression, movement disorder
Review for gene: TOMM70 was set to AMBER
Added comment: TOM70 is a member of the TOM complex that transports cytosolic proteins into mitochondria.
Bi-allelic disease: one individual reported with compound heterozygous variants in TOMM70 [c.794C>T (p.T265M) and c.1745C>T (p.A582V)]. Clinical features included severe anaemia, lactic acidosis, and developmental delay. Some functional data: in vitro cell model compensatory experiments.
Monoallelic disease: de novo mono allelic variants in the C-terminal region of TOMM70 reported in two individuals. While both individuals exhibited shared symptoms including hypotonia, hyperreflexia, ataxia, dystonia, and significant white matter abnormalities, there were differences between the two individuals, most prominently the age of symptom onset, with one experiencing episodes of regression. Some functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2771 KLB Zornitza Stark gene: KLB was added
gene: KLB was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KLB was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: KLB were set to 28754744
Review for gene: KLB was set to GREEN
Added comment: Seven heterozygous loss‐of‐function KLB mutations in 13 individuals reported. In mice, lack of Klb led to delayed puberty, altered estrous cyclicity, and subfertility due to a hypothalamic defect associated with inability of GnRH neurons to release GnRH in response to FGF21.
Functional analysis showed decreased activity in response to FGF21 and FGF8.
KLB is an obligate coreceptor for FGF21 alongside FGFR1.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2769 NDNF Zornitza Stark gene: NDNF was added
gene: NDNF was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NDNF was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NDNF were set to 31883645
Phenotypes for gene: NDNF were set to Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH)
Review for gene: NDNF was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three heterozygous protein-truncating variants and one heterozygous missense variant identified in a cohort of 240 unrelated IHH patients. The authors also provided supporting evidence from animal models.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2767 UGDH Zornitza Stark gene: UGDH was added
gene: UGDH was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: UGDH was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: UGDH were set to 32001716
Phenotypes for gene: UGDH were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 84 - MIM #618792
Review for gene: UGDH was set to GREEN
Added comment: 36 individuals with biallelic UGDH pathogenic variants reported. The phenotype corresponded overall to a developmental epileptic encephalopathy with hypotonia, feeding difficulties, severe global DD, moderate or commonly severe ID in all. Hypotonia and motor disorder (incl. spasticity, dystonia, ataxia, chorea, etc) often occurred prior to the onset of seizures. A single individual did not present seizures and 2 sibs had only seizures in the setting of fever. There were no individuals with biallelic pLoF variants identified. Parental/sib studies were all compatible with AR inheritance mode.

UGDH encodes the enzyme UDP-glucose dehydrogenase which converts UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronate, the latter being a critical component of the glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate, and heparan sulfate. Patient fibroblast and biochemical assays suggested a LoF effect of variants leading to impairment of UGDH stability, oligomerization or enzymatic activity (decreased UGDH-catalyzed reduction of NAD+ to NADH / hyaluronic acid production which requires UDP-glucuronate).

Attempts to model the disorder using an already developped zebrafish model (for a hypomorphic LoF allele) were unsuccessful as fish did not exhibit seizures spontaneously or upon induction with PTZ. Modelling of the disorder in vitro using patient-derived cerebral organoids demonstrated smaller organoids due to reduced number of proliferating neural progenitors
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2764 YIF1B Zornitza Stark gene: YIF1B was added
gene: YIF1B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: YIF1B was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: YIF1B were set to 32006098; 26077767
Phenotypes for gene: YIF1B were set to Central hypotonia; Failure to thrive; Microcephaly; Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Seizures; Spasticity; Abnormality of movement
Review for gene: YIF1B was set to GREEN
Added comment: 6 individuals (from 5 families) with biallelic YIF1B truncating variants reported. Presenting features: hypotonia, failure to thrive, microcephaly (5/6), severe global DD and ID as well as features suggestive of a motor disorder (dystonia/spasticity/dyskinesia). Seizures were reported in 2 unrelated individuals (2/6). MRI abnormalities were observed in some with thin CC being a feature in 3. Affected individuals were found to be homozygous for truncating variants (4/5 families being consanguineous). The following 3 variants were identified (NM_001039672.2) : c.186dupT or p.Ala64fs / c.360_361insACAT or p.Gly121fs / c.598G>T or p.Glu200*. Yif1B KO mice demonstrate a disorganized Golgi architecture in pyramidal hippocampal neurons (Alterio et al 2015 - PMID: 26077767). Functional/network analysis of genes co-regulated with YIF1B based on available RNAseq data, suggest enrichement in in genes important for nervous system development and function.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2759 TNRC6B Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: TNRC6B: Added comment: 17 unrelated individuals with heterozygous TNRC6B variants reported. Features included hypotonia (10/17), DD/ID (17/17 - ID was not universal: average IQ of 12 individuals was 73 (range : 50-113) with 4 having below 70), ADHD (11/17), ASD or autistic traits (8/17 and 5/17). Some/few presented with abnormal OFC (micro- / macrocephaly in 3/17 and 2/17), abnormal vision or hearing, variable other congenital anomalies, echocardiographic, GI or renal abnormalities, etc. Epilepsy was reported in 1/17. There was no recognisable gestalt.Detected variants included 14 pLoF, 1 missense SNV and 2 intragenic deletions. Variants had occurred as de novo events in 10/13 subjects for whom testing of both parents was possible. 3/13 subjects had inherited the variant from a parent with milder phenotype. Based on the type of variants identified, the pLI score of 1 in gnomAD and the HI index of 5.61%, the authors suggest haploinsufficiency as the most likely mechanism. Individuals with de novo TNRC6B variants have also been reported in larger cohorts (e.g. DDD study - PMID: 28135719, Iossifov et al - PMID: 25363768, Lelieveld et al - PMID: 27479843, Jónsson et al - PMID: 28959963). A previous study provided details on 2 sibs harboring a translocation which disrupted both TNRC6B and TCF20 (also associated with ID)(Babbs et al - PMID: 25228304).; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 32152250, 28135719, 25363768, 27479843, 28959963, 25228304; Changed phenotypes: Global developmental delay, Intellectual disability, Autistic behavior; Changed mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.2758 CDC42BPB Zornitza Stark gene: CDC42BPB was added
gene: CDC42BPB was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CDC42BPB was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CDC42BPB were set to 32031333
Phenotypes for gene: CDC42BPB were set to Central hypotonia; Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Seizures; Autistic behavior; Behavioral abnormality
Review for gene: CDC42BPB was set to GREEN
Added comment: 14 individuals with missense and loss-of-function CDC42BPB variants reported. Features included hypotonia (8/11), DD (12/13 - the 14th was a fetus), ID (7/13), ASD (8/12), clinical seizures (in 3 - a 4th had abnormal EEG without seizures), behavioral abnormalities. Variable non-specific dysmorphic features were reported in some (sparse hair being the most frequent - 4/8). Additional features were observed in few (=<4) incl. cryptorchidism, ophthalmological issues, constipation, kidney abnormalities, micropenis, etc. Most variants occurred as de novo events (11/14) while inheritance was not available for few (3/14).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2743 CFAP43 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Good evidence for bi-allelic disease, much less so for mono-allelic.
Mendeliome v0.2742 CFAP43 Elena Savva gene: CFAP43 was added
gene: CFAP43 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CFAP43 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CFAP43 were set to PMID: 31884020; 28552195; 31004071; 29449551
Phenotypes for gene: CFAP43 were set to Hydrocephalus, normal pressure, 1 236690; Spermatogenic failure 19 617592
Added comment: aka WDR96

PMID: 31884020 - animal models (mouse, frog) demonstrate the protein localizes in ciliary axoneme and is involved in MOTILE cilia movement. LOF CFAP43 caused mucus acucmulation in airways, impaired spermatogenesis and hydrocephalus.

PMID: 28552195 - 3x chet (bilallelic PTCs or chet PTC/missense) with abnormal sperm motility. Null mouse models were also infertile.

PMID: 31004071 - one family with a heterozygous nonsense and AD inheritance of late onset hydrocephaly (checked in Mutalyzer, variant is NMD predicted). Abnormal cilia observed from mucosa sample. Null mice also show abnormal sperm and dilation of brain ventricles.

PMID: 29449551 - reports an additional 10 patients with either homozygous PTCs or chet PTC/missense who were infertile with flagella defects

Summary: single report of AD hydrocephaly
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2729 CCDC28B Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: CCDC28B: Added comment: PMID: 32139166 - Single family with Joubert syndrome. Patient was homozygous for a missense, with polydactyly, severe ID, and the molar tooth sign observed in MRI. Sibling fetus MRI showed vermis hypoplasia, and was also homozygous for the variant. Parents confirmed unaffected carriers. Knockdown of CCDC28B in human TERT retinal pigment epithelial cells reduced both the number and length of cilia 430C-T variant is postulated to be a modifier of BBS.; Changed rating: AMBER; Changed publications: 32139166; Changed phenotypes: {Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1, modifier of}, MIM#209900, Joubert syndrome
Mendeliome v0.2729 C21orf59 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: p.Tyr245* recurrent in the Ashkenazi Jewish population
Mendeliome v0.2723 ARMC9 Zornitza Stark Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.2723 ARMC9 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: ARMC9: Added comment: ARMC9 localizes to the ciliary basal body and daughter centriole and is predicted to function in ciliogenesis PMID: 28625504 - 8 families with Joubert syndrome, all variant types detected. Functional studies show protein localizes at the basal body and upregulates during ciliogenesis. Zebrafish with frameshift mutation recapitulated the human phenotype including a curved body, coloboma, retinal dystrophy and less cilia.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 28625504
Mendeliome v0.2693 ATP5A1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: HGNC approved name: ATP5F1A
Mendeliome v0.2681 MAN2B2 Zornitza Stark gene: MAN2B2 was added
gene: MAN2B2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MAN2B2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MAN2B2 were set to 31775018
Phenotypes for gene: MAN2B2 were set to Congenital disorder of glycosylation; immunodeficiency
Review for gene: MAN2B2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2676 PIK3CG Zornitza Stark gene: PIK3CG was added
gene: PIK3CG was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PIK3CG was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PIK3CG were set to 32001535; 31554793
Phenotypes for gene: PIK3CG were set to Immune dysregulation; HLH-like; childhood-onset antibody defects; cytopenias; T lymphocytic pneumonitis and colitis
Review for gene: PIK3CG was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two individuals with complex immunological phenotypes reported and a mouse model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2674 RC3H1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Single individual with bi-allelic LoF variant and relapsing HLH reported, some functional data.
Sources: Literature; to: Single individual with bi-allelic LoF variant and relapsing HLH reported, some functional data including mouse model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2674 RC3H1 Zornitza Stark gene: RC3H1 was added
gene: RC3H1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RC3H1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RC3H1 were set to 31636267
Phenotypes for gene: RC3H1 were set to Relapsing HLH
Review for gene: RC3H1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual with bi-allelic LoF variant and relapsing HLH reported, some functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2669 ITPKB Zornitza Stark gene: ITPKB was added
gene: ITPKB was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITPKB was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ITPKB were set to 31987846
Phenotypes for gene: ITPKB were set to Severe combined immunodeficiency, absent T cells, present B cells and NK cells
Review for gene: ITPKB was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual with homozygous bi-allelic LoF variant reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2668 PSMB10 Zornitza Stark gene: PSMB10 was added
gene: PSMB10 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PSMB10 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PSMB10 were set to 31783057
Phenotypes for gene: PSMB10 were set to Autoinflammatory syndrome
Review for gene: PSMB10 was set to RED
Added comment: PSMB10 is part of the immunoproteasome, and other components cause auto inflammatory disorders. Single individual with homozygous missense variant reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2659 SNORA31 Zornitza Stark gene: SNORA31 was added
gene: SNORA31 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SNORA31 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SNORA31 were set to 31806906
Phenotypes for gene: SNORA31 were set to Susceptibility to HSV1 encephalitis
Review for gene: SNORA31 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five unrelated individuals reported with rare missense variants in this gene, functional data to support susceptibility to herpes simplex encephalitis.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2649 ATAD3A Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: ATAD3A: Added comment: Mode of pathogenicity includes:
i) bi-allelic missense and nonsense variants and bi-allelic deletions that create an ATAD3B/ATAD3A fusion gene under the lowly expressed ATAD3B promoter
ii) monoallelic dominant-negative missense variants (either de novo or inherited) and de novo monoallelic duplications creating a dominant negative ATAD3A/ATAD3C fusion gene; Changed publications: 27640307, 32004445, 28549128; Changed phenotypes: Harel-Yoon syndrome, MIM# 617183, Pontocerebellar hypoplasia, hypotonia, and respiratory insufficiency syndrome, neonatal lethal (PHRINL SYNDROME) 618810
Mendeliome v0.2646 CTSA Zornitza Stark Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.2646 CTSA Zornitza Stark commented on gene: CTSA: Mono-allelic variants cause arteriopathy with strokes and leukodystrophy.
Mendeliome v0.2641 CDK5 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Single consanguineous family with multiple affected individuals reported.; to: Single consanguineous family with multiple affected individuals reported.
Mendeliome v0.2636 VPS51 Zornitza Stark gene: VPS51 was added
gene: VPS51 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: VPS51 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: VPS51 were set to 30624672; 31207318
Phenotypes for gene: VPS51 were set to Pontocerebellar hypoplasia, type 13, MIM# 618606
Review for gene: VPS51 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two families reported with bi-allelic variants in this gene and global developmental delay, impaired intellectual development with absent speech, microcephaly, and progressive atrophy of the cerebellar vermis and brainstem. Additional features, including seizures and visual impairment, are variable.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2635 CTSA Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Bi-allelic variants cause galactosialidosis, and mono-allelic variants cause CARASAL.; to: Bi-allelic variants associated with galactosialidosis, and mono-allelic variants associated with CARASAL.
Mendeliome v0.2634 CDK19 Zornitza Stark gene: CDK19 was added
gene: CDK19 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CDK19 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CDK19 were set to 32330417
Phenotypes for gene: CDK19 were set to Intellectual disability; epileptic encephalopathy
Review for gene: CDK19 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated individuals with de novo missense variants reported, and intellectual disability/epileptic encephalopathy. Supportive functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2632 MNS1 Zornitza Stark gene: MNS1 was added
gene: MNS1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MNS1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MNS1 were set to 31534215; 30148830
Phenotypes for gene: MNS1 were set to Heterotaxy; male infertility
Review for gene: MNS1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Eight families reported altogether, three LoF variants. Four Amish families share same homozygous founder variant, and some of the other reported families are consanguineous and share another founder variant. A reported female with a third variant, also had a homozygous variant in DNAH5 with a blended phenotype postulated.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2630 DHX37 Zornitza Stark gene: DHX37 was added
gene: DHX37 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DHX37 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: DHX37 were set to 31337883; 31745530
Phenotypes for gene: DHX37 were set to 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis; testicular regression syndrome (TRS)
Review for gene: DHX37 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Seventeen individuals with 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis reported in two studies.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2626 RAMP2 Zornitza Stark gene: RAMP2 was added
gene: RAMP2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RAMP2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: RAMP2 were set to 31000793
Phenotypes for gene: RAMP2 were set to Primary open angle glaucoma
Review for gene: RAMP2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Six variants identified in 16 of 4763 POAG patients from large cohorts; none identified in 10,953 control individuals. Some functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2625 ALPK1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Three unrelated families reported. One of the variants segregated in four affected individuals in one family and another was found to be de novo. The third variant however was not segregated, and is also present in 18 individuals in gnomad. Hence the evidence for variant pathogenicity in this third case is not compelling.
Sources: Literature; to: Three unrelated families reported with PFAPA phenotype. One of the variants segregated in four affected individuals in one family and another was found to be de novo. The third variant however was not segregated, and is also present in 18 individuals in gnomad. Hence the evidence for variant pathogenicity in this third case is not compelling.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2625 ALPK1 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: ALPK1: Added comment: Six unrelated families reported with same recurrent missense variant c.710C>T, (p.Thr237Met) and ROSAH syndrome phenotype. Pancytopaenia and recurrent infections present in some.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 31053777, 30967659, 31939038; Changed phenotypes: Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome, ROSAH syndrome, retinal dystrophy, optic nerve edema, splenomegaly, anhidrosis, and migraine headache
Mendeliome v0.2624 MEPE Zornitza Stark gene: MEPE was added
gene: MEPE was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MEPE was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MEPE were set to 30287925
Phenotypes for gene: MEPE were set to hereditary congenital facial paresis; otosclerosis
Review for gene: MEPE was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single four-generation family reported with variant in this gene segregating nonprogressive HCFP and mixed hearing loss (HL). Damaging variants (truncating/frameshift) found to be enriched in otosclerosis cohort (p = 0.0006–0.0060).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2623 PAICS Zornitza Stark gene: PAICS was added
gene: PAICS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PAICS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PAICS were set to 31600779
Phenotypes for gene: PAICS were set to Polyhydramnios; multiple congenital abnormalities
Review for gene: PAICS was set to RED
Added comment: Two sibs from single family reported with homozygous missense variant. Functional data to demonstrate effect on protein function.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2621 POLR3GL Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Three cases altogether but the phenotypes are very different -- may still represent a spectrum with the more severe phenotypes resulting from truncating variants but further cases needed.
Mendeliome v0.2620 GALM Hazel Phillimore gene: GALM was added
gene: GALM was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GALM was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GALM were set to PMID: 30451973; 30910422
Phenotypes for gene: GALM were set to galactosaemia; type IV galactosaemia
Review for gene: GALM was set to GREEN
Added comment: Homozygous and compound heterozygous variants (missense, nonsense and frameshift) found in 8 Japanese patients from unrelated families with unexplained galactosaemia. (No variants in GALT, GALK1, and GALE). This is therefore type IV galactosaemia.
In vitro expression analysis and enzyme activity assay of the patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed total lack of or compromised expression of GALM protein. Loss-of-function mechanism. One homozygote for one of these variants p.(Gly142Arg) in gnomAD (African population). (Wada, Y. et al 2019; PMID: 30451973)
In vitro expression assay and an enzyme activity assay of 67 GALM variants, taken from ExAc database (missense, nonsense, frameshift and splice). 30 variants concluded to be pathogenic due to no protein expression or faint expression. 5 variants with mildly lower levels were determined as likely pathogenic. All concluded to be loss-of-function mechanism. Incidence of galactosaemia by GALM deficiency is comparable to that of other galactosaemias. Carrier frequency and incidence was estimated for different populations. (Iwasawa, S. et al. (2019); PMID: 30910422)
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2620 POLR3GL Paul De Fazio gene: POLR3GL was added
gene: POLR3GL was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: POLR3GL was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: POLR3GL were set to 31089205; 31695177
Phenotypes for gene: POLR3GL were set to endosteal hyperostosis; oligodontia; growth retardation; facial dysmorphisms; lipodystrophy
Review for gene: POLR3GL was set to AMBER
gene: POLR3GL was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Biallelic canonical splice variants were identified in monozygotic twins and another individual with similar phenotypes from 2 unrelated families. Variants were inherited from carrier parents. RNA studies confirmed exon skipping occurs in all affected individuals.

A separate study identified a homozygous nonsense variant in an individual with features of Neonatal progeroid syndrome/Wiedemann–Rautenstrauch syndrome. Quantitative PCR showed reduction in mRNA suggestive of NMD.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2620 TSPEAR Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Association with isolated deafness is DISPUTED.
Mendeliome v0.2613 TBL1Y Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Single family, some functional data.
Mendeliome v0.2611 TSPEAR Chern Lim changed review comment from: Still a rare disease gene for ectodermal dysplasia but has been reported in at least 3 unrelated families. Functional study supported LoF. (PMIDs: 27736875, 30046887); to: Still a rare disease gene for ectodermal dysplasia but has been reported in at least 3 unrelated families in 2 papers. Functional study supported LoF. (PMIDs: 27736875, 30046887)
Mendeliome v0.2611 PDGFRB Ee Ming Wong changed review comment from: - > 3 unrelated families
- Functional studies on patient fibroblasts, HeLa and HEK293 cells harbouring mutant constructs demonstrate constitutive tyrosine kinase activation (gain of function) compared with WT constructs; to: - > 3 unrelated individuals diagnosed with Penttinen syndrome
- Functional studies on patient fibroblasts, HeLa and HEK293 cells harbouring mutant constructs demonstrate constitutive tyrosine kinase activation (gain of function) compared with WT constructs
Mendeliome v0.2611 TBL1Y Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: 9 affected males in a single 5-generation pedigree described with Y-linked inheritance pattern. Functional studies show the missense variant causes reduced protein stability. The gene has restricted expression in the cochlea and prostate.
Sources: Literature; to: Y-linked inheritance pattern. Complete segregation of a missense variant demonstrated in 9 affected males in a 5-generation pedigree. Functional studies show the missense variant causes reduced protein stability. The gene has restricted expression in the cochlea and prostate.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2611 TBL1Y Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: 9 affected males in a single pedigree described with Y-linked inheritance pattern. Functional studies show the missense variant causes reduced protein stability. The gene has restricted expression in the cochlea and prostate.
Sources: Literature; to: 9 affected males in a single 5-generation pedigree described with Y-linked inheritance pattern. Functional studies show the missense variant causes reduced protein stability. The gene has restricted expression in the cochlea and prostate.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2611 TBL1Y Paul De Fazio gene: TBL1Y was added
gene: TBL1Y was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TBL1Y was set to Other
Publications for gene: TBL1Y were set to 30341416
Phenotypes for gene: TBL1Y were set to Hearing loss
Review for gene: TBL1Y was set to RED
gene: TBL1Y was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 9 affected males in a single pedigree described with Y-linked inheritance pattern. Functional studies show the missense variant causes reduced protein stability. The gene has restricted expression in the cochlea and prostate.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2611 FOXF2 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Single family: variant has functional data to demonstrate effect on protein, plus mouse model supports gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.2610 DGCR8 Chern Lim gene: DGCR8 was added
gene: DGCR8 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DGCR8 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: DGCR8 were set to 31805011
Phenotypes for gene: DGCR8 were set to Early-onset multinodular goiter and schwannomatosis
Review for gene: DGCR8 was set to RED
Added comment: A germline missense variant segregates in one family with autosomal dominant mendelian tumor susceptibility syndrome: familial multinodular goiter (MNG) with schwannomatosis. The missense is also a recurrent somatic missense variant in Wilms tumour. (PMID:31805011)
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2607 FOXF2 Hazel Phillimore changed review comment from: Homozygous missense, NM_001452.1: c.325A>T (p.I109F), in a 10 year old girl (consanguineous, parents were first cousins) with profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) associated with incomplete partition type I anomaly of the cochlea. This variant is absent in the gnomAD v2.1.1. In vitro studies indicated instability, shorter half-life of the protein compared to wildtype. Embryonic knockout mouse showed shortened and malformed cochleae, in addition to altered shape of hair cells with innervation and planar cell polarity defects. Homozygous knockout mice do not survive. (Bademci, G. et al. (2019); PMID: 30561639).
This gene has also been reported in association with other anomalies including cleft lip, cleft palate, brain anomalies, intestine anomalies, and eye anomalies. Eye anomalies include anterior segment dysgenesis, as shown in mice with variant, W174R, affecting the Fox domain. Homozygote mice do not survive. (McKeone, R. et al. (2011); PMID: 22022403).
Sources: Literature; to: Homozygous missense, NM_001452.1: c.325A>T (p.I109F), in a 10 year old girl (consanguineous, parents were first cousins) with profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) associated with incomplete partition type I anomaly of the cochlea. This variant is absent in the gnomAD v2.1.1. In vitro studies indicated instability, shorter half-life of the protein compared to wildtype. Embryonic knockout mouse showed shortened and malformed cochleae, in addition to altered shape of hair cells with innervation and planar cell polarity defects. Homozygous knockout mice do not survive. (Bademci, G. et al. (2019); PMID: 30561639).
This gene has also been reported in association with other anomalies including cleft lip, cleft palate, brain anomalies, intestine anomalies, and eye anomalies. Eye anomalies include anterior segment dysgenesis, as shown in mice with variant, W174R, affecting the Fox domain. Homozygote mice do not survive. (McKeone, R. et al. (2011); PMID: 22022403).
Previous names for FOXF2 include FKHL6 and FREAC2.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2607 FOXF2 Hazel Phillimore gene: FOXF2 was added
gene: FOXF2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FOXF2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FOXF2 were set to PMID: 30561639; 22022403
Phenotypes for gene: FOXF2 were set to profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL); cochlea malformations; incomplete partition type I anomaly of the cochlea
Review for gene: FOXF2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Homozygous missense, NM_001452.1: c.325A>T (p.I109F), in a 10 year old girl (consanguineous, parents were first cousins) with profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) associated with incomplete partition type I anomaly of the cochlea. This variant is absent in the gnomAD v2.1.1. In vitro studies indicated instability, shorter half-life of the protein compared to wildtype. Embryonic knockout mouse showed shortened and malformed cochleae, in addition to altered shape of hair cells with innervation and planar cell polarity defects. Homozygous knockout mice do not survive. (Bademci, G. et al. (2019); PMID: 30561639).
This gene has also been reported in association with other anomalies including cleft lip, cleft palate, brain anomalies, intestine anomalies, and eye anomalies. Eye anomalies include anterior segment dysgenesis, as shown in mice with variant, W174R, affecting the Fox domain. Homozygote mice do not survive. (McKeone, R. et al. (2011); PMID: 22022403).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2602 CACNB4 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: One multigenerational family and supportive animal model data.; to: One multigenerational family with ataxia and supportive animal model data.
Mendeliome v0.2602 CACNB4 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: CACNB4: Added comment: PMID 32176688: A homozygous missense variant (Leu126Pro) reported in two siblings with intellectual disability, psychomotor retardation, blindness, epilepsy, movement disorder and cerebellar atrophy. Some functional data.; Changed publications: 10762541, 9628818, 27003325, 32176688; Changed phenotypes: Episodic ataxia, type 5, MIM#613855, Intellectual disability, Epilepsy, Movement disorder
Mendeliome v0.2598 WDR83OS Ee Ming Wong gene: WDR83OS was added
gene: WDR83OS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: WDR83OS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: WDR83OS were set to PMID: 30250217
Phenotypes for gene: WDR83OS were set to Cholestasis
Review for gene: WDR83OS was set to RED
Added comment: - 1 consanguineous family with 3 affected individuals found to carry a homozygous splice site variant in WDR83OS
- The variant results in an aberrant truncated RNA transcript as demonstrated by RT-PCR
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2592 LSR Ee Ming Wong gene: LSR was added
gene: LSR was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: LSR was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LSR were set to PMID: 30250217
Phenotypes for gene: LSR were set to transient neonatal cholestasis; intellectual disability; short stature
Review for gene: LSR was set to RED
Added comment: 1 individual from 1 consanguineous family carrying a homozygous missense variant in LSR
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2591 USP53 Ee Ming Wong gene: USP53 was added
gene: USP53 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: USP53 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: USP53 were set to PMID: 30250217
Phenotypes for gene: USP53 were set to Deafness
Review for gene: USP53 was set to RED
Added comment: 1 consanguineous family carrying a homozygous truncating variant in USP53
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2591 PPM1F Ee Ming Wong gene: PPM1F was added
gene: PPM1F was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PPM1F was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PPM1F were set to PMID: 30250217
Phenotypes for gene: PPM1F were set to sclerosing cholangitis; short stature; hypothyroidism; abnormal tongue pigmentation
Review for gene: PPM1F was set to RED
Added comment: 1 consanguineous family found to carry a homozygous missense variant in PPM1F
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2588 KLC2 Zornitza Stark gene: KLC2 was added
gene: KLC2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: KLC2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: KLC2 were set to 26385635
Phenotypes for gene: KLC2 were set to Spastic paraplegia, optic atrophy, and neuropathy MIM#609541
Review for gene: KLC2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: In 73 Brazilian patients and 2 sibs of Egyptian descent with SPOAN, a homozygous 216-bp deletion in the noncoding upstream region of the KLC2 gene was identified. Only reported cause of condition is the upstream large deletion, which is not detected by whole-exome sequencing.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.2583 ALPK1 Zornitza Stark gene: ALPK1 was added
gene: ALPK1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ALPK1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ALPK1 were set to 31053777
Phenotypes for gene: ALPK1 were set to Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome
Review for gene: ALPK1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Three unrelated families reported. One of the variants segregated in four affected individuals in one family and another was found to be de novo. The third variant however was not segregated, and is also present in 18 individuals in gnomad. Hence the evidence for variant pathogenicity in this third case is not compelling.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2581 LRRC32 Zornitza Stark gene: LRRC32 was added
gene: LRRC32 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: LRRC32 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LRRC32 were set to 30976112
Phenotypes for gene: LRRC32 were set to Intellectual disability; cleft palate; proliferative retinopathy
Review for gene: LRRC32 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Three individuals from two consanguineous families segregated the same homozygous bi-allelic variant, c.1630C>T; p.(Arg544Ter), shared haplotype indicative of founder effect. Mouse model has cleft palate and neonatal death.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2580 KIF12 Ee Ming Wong gene: KIF12 was added
gene: KIF12 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KIF12 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: KIF12 were set to PMID: 30250217; 30976738
Phenotypes for gene: KIF12 were set to Prenatal cholestasis; High Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT)
Review for gene: KIF12 was set to AMBER
gene: KIF12 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: > 3 unrelated families,but they are all consanguineous families
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2577 RHOA Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: RHOA were changed from normal cognition; leukoencephalopathy; micro-ophthalmia; strabismus; linear hypopigmentation; malar hypoplasia; downslanting palpebral fissures; microstomia to normal cognition; leukoencephalopathy; micro-ophthalmia; strabismus; linear hypopigmentation; malar hypoplasia; downslanting palpebral fissures; microstomia; dental anomalies; body asymmetry; limb length discrepancy
Mendeliome v0.2575 RHOA Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: RHOA: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 31821646; Phenotypes: hypopigmented areas of the skin, dental anomalies, body asymmetry, limb length discrepancy, MRI abnormalities; Mode of inheritance: Other
Mendeliome v0.2574 IQCE Zornitza Stark gene: IQCE was added
gene: IQCE was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: IQCE was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IQCE were set to 31549751; 28488682
Phenotypes for gene: IQCE were set to Postaxial polydactyly
Review for gene: IQCE was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four families reported with bi-allelic variants in this gene. The c.895_904del (p.Val301Serfs*8) was found in three of the families without sharing a common haplotype, suggesting a recurrent mechanism. RNA expression analysis on patients’ fibroblasts showed that the dysfunction of IQCE leads to the dysregulation of genes associated with the hedgehog‐signaling pathway, and zebrafish experiments demonstrated a full spectrum of phenotypes linked to defective cilia: Body curvature, kidney cysts, left–right asymmetry, misdirected cilia in the pronephric duct, and retinal defects.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2573 NKX2-3 Zornitza Stark gene: NKX2-3 was added
gene: NKX2-3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NKX2-3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NKX2-3 were set to 31498527
Phenotypes for gene: NKX2-3 were set to Intestinal varicosities
Review for gene: NKX2-3 was set to RED
Added comment: Single multiplex family where truncating variant in this gene segregated with intestinal varicosities with a LOD score of 3.3. NKX2‐3 is a component of a molecular pathway underlying spleen and gut vasculature development in mice.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2572 RPSA Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Four families reported with mono allelic variants and idiopathic intestinal varies.; to: Four families reported with mono allelic variants and idiopathic intestinal varies, often in combination with asplenia.
Mendeliome v0.2566 CRAT Zornitza Stark gene: CRAT was added
gene: CRAT was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CRAT was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CRAT were set to 29395073; 31448845
Phenotypes for gene: CRAT were set to Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 8, MIM# 617917; Leigh syndrome
Review for gene: CRAT was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported with bi-allelic variants, one with NBIA and one with Leigh syndrome phenotype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2561 B4GAT1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Two families reported.; to: Two families reported and two animal models.
Mendeliome v0.2556 THG1L Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Five individuals from two Ashkenazi Jewish families with same homozygous missense variant, and another family ascertained through a large microcephaly cohort, also with SCA.
Sources: Literature; to: Four Ashkenazi Jewish families with same homozygous missense variant, and another family ascertained through a large microcephaly cohort, also with SCA. A carrier rate of 0.8%, but no THG1L V55A homozygotes, was found in a cohort of 3,232 unrelated Ashkenazi Jewish individuals, and no homozygotes found in Exac or gnomAD.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2554 THG1L Zornitza Stark gene: THG1L was added
gene: THG1L was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: THG1L was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: THG1L were set to 27307223; 31168944; 30214071
Phenotypes for gene: THG1L were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 28, MIM# 618800
Review for gene: THG1L was set to AMBER
Added comment: Five individuals from two Ashkenazi Jewish families with same homozygous missense variant, and another family ascertained through a large microcephaly cohort, also with SCA.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2553 TRPV1 Zornitza Stark gene: TRPV1 was added
gene: TRPV1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRPV1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: TRPV1 were set to 29930394
Phenotypes for gene: TRPV1 were set to Susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia
Review for gene: TRPV1 was set to RED
Added comment: Two individuals reported with rare/novel missense variants in this gene, some functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2551 ZP2 Zornitza Stark gene: ZP2 was added
gene: ZP2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ZP2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ZP2 were set to 30810869; 29895852
Phenotypes for gene: ZP2 were set to Female infertility
Review for gene: ZP2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated individuals reported with bi-allelic variants in this gene and thin zona pellucida.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2550 RSRC1 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: RSRC1: Added comment: 17 additional individuals reported.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 28640246, 29522154, 32227164; Changed phenotypes: Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 70, MIM# 618402
Mendeliome v0.2549 GAD1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Single family reported with bi-allelic variants. Association studies linking with neuropsychiatric issues.; to: Single family reported with bi-allelic variants and CP phenotype. Association studies linking with neuropsychiatric issues.
Mendeliome v0.2549 GAD1 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: GAD1: Added comment: 2020: 11 individuals from 6 consanguineous families reported with bi-allelic LOF variant and a developmental/epileptic encephalopathy. Seizure onset occurred in the first 2 months of life in all. All 10 individuals, from whom early disease history was available, presented with seizure onset in the first month of life, mainly consisting of epileptic spasms or myoclonic seizures. Early EEG showed suppression-burst or pattern of burst attenuation or hypsarrhythmia if only recorded in the post-neonatal period. Eight individuals had joint contractures and/or pes equinovarus. Seven presented a cleft palate and two also had an omphalocele, reproducing the phenotype of the knockout Gad1−/− mouse model. Four individuals died before 4 years of age.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 15571623, 32282878; Changed phenotypes: Cerebral palsy, spastic quadriplegic, 1, MIM#603513, Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
Mendeliome v0.2548 GALNT2 Zornitza Stark gene: GALNT2 was added
gene: GALNT2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GALNT2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GALNT2 were set to 32293671
Phenotypes for gene: GALNT2 were set to Congenital disorder of glycosylation
Review for gene: GALNT2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Seven individuals from four families reported with bi-allelic LOF variants and global developmental delay, intellectual disability with language deficit, autistic features, behavioural abnormalities, epilepsy, chronic insomnia, white matter changes on brain MRI, dysmorphic features, decreased stature, and decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Rodent (mouse and rat) models of GALNT2-CDG recapitulated much of the human phenotype, including poor growth and neurodevelopmental abnormalities.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2547 C7orf43 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: HGNC approved name: MAP11
Mendeliome v0.2546 C7orf43 Zornitza Stark gene: C7orf43 was added
gene: C7orf43 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: C7orf43 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: C7orf43 were set to 30715179
Phenotypes for gene: C7orf43 were set to Microcephaly 25, primary, autosomal recessive, MIM# 618351
Review for gene: C7orf43 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family reported: three affected siblings with homozygous truncating variant. Supportive zebrafish model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2539 TSEN34 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Reviewed ClinVar: all variants submitted are VOUS or LB, except for one LP, but no further details provided.
Mendeliome v0.2532 TSEN54 Zornitza Stark Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.2526 NDE1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: The two OMIM phenotypes likely represent a spectrum of brain abnormalities associated with this gene.
Mendeliome v0.2496 POLR1B Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Five unrelated families and a zebrafish model.; to: Five unrelated families and a zebrafish model. Note four of the families had missense variants affecting same residue, p.Arg1003
Mendeliome v0.2496 POLR1B Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Six unrelated families and a zebrafish model.; to: Five unrelated families and a zebrafish model.
Mendeliome v0.2493 C1orf194 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Two unrelated families with missense variants, one with intermediate CMT, the other with demyelinating CMT. Different phenotypic manifestations may relate to different mechanism, but this remains to be fully elucidated. Supportive mouse model.
Mendeliome v0.2470 ABCC1 Zornitza Stark gene: ABCC1 was added
gene: ABCC1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ABCC1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ABCC1 were set to 31273342
Phenotypes for gene: ABCC1 were set to Nonsyndromic hearing loss
Review for gene: ABCC1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Total of 3 variants reported in 3 families, including 1 which segregates in a large family (10 affected) PMID: 31273342; Li 2019: Reported 3 different het missense in 3 families with postlingual ADNSHL. 1 missense segregated in a large Chinese family. This variant is present in gnomAD (10 hets), but onset noted to be in 2nd or 3rd decade of life. Functional studies performed. Other 2 variants reported absent in gnomAD. Amber rating in light of gnomad frequency of one of the reported variants.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2455 FEM1B Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Agree cannot be confident these represent three unrelated families.
Mendeliome v0.2450 SLC44A1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Childhood onset neurodegeneration
Mendeliome v0.2449 SMCHD1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Note association with FSHD2 is postulated to have digenic inheritance, caused by the combination of a heterozygous mutation in the SMCHD1 gene (614982) on chromosome 18p and presence of a haplotype on chromosome 4 that is permissive for DUX4 (606009) expression.
Mendeliome v0.2440 SLC6A6 Chern Lim gene: SLC6A6 was added
gene: SLC6A6 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC6A6 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC6A6 were set to 31345061; 31903486; 29886034
Phenotypes for gene: SLC6A6 were set to Early retinal degeneration; cardiomyopathy
Review for gene: SLC6A6 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Different homozygous missense variants in 2 unrelated consanguineous families with early retinal degeneration, some functional studies. Patients in one of the families also had cardiomyopathy. (PMIDs: 31345061, 31903486)

One dilated cardiomyopathy patient with a homozygous deletion at a splice site (PMID: 29886034).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2440 TMPRSS9 Chern Lim gene: TMPRSS9 was added
gene: TMPRSS9 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TMPRSS9 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TMPRSS9 were set to 31943016
Phenotypes for gene: TMPRSS9 were set to autism spectrum disorder
Review for gene: TMPRSS9 was set to RED
Added comment: Association with Mendelian disease not established.

Is a candidate gene for autism spectrum disorder: single patient, compound heterozygous nonsense variants. Functional studies showed Tmprss9 gene is expressed in mouse brain, knockout mice had decreased social interest and social recognition. (PMID: 31943016)
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2440 MCAT Chern Lim gene: MCAT was added
gene: MCAT was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MCAT was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MCAT were set to 31915829
Phenotypes for gene: MCAT were set to progressive autosomal recessive optic neuropathy
Review for gene: MCAT was set to RED
Added comment: One family reported - a consanguineous family, two homozygous missense variants in both affected siblings. Functional studies showed both missense together have synergic impact on MCAT protein misfolding; p.(L81R) had more impact on MCAT protein expression reduction than did the p.(R212W); some study in conditional knockout mice. (PMID:31915829)
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2440 CAP2 Melanie Marty Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.2440 CAP2 Melanie Marty edited their review of gene: CAP2: Added comment: 2 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy from 1 consanguineous family. The splice variant identified in this family was proven to cause exon skipping and functional studies showed protein level was reduced. A Cap2 knockout mouse model correlated with the clinical phenotype of DCM and cardiac conduction disease, but not the other effects on growth, viability, wound healing and eye development.; Changed rating: RED
Mendeliome v0.2440 WIPI2 Melanie Marty Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.2440 WIPI2 Melanie Marty edited their review of gene: WIPI2: Added comment: Four homozygous patients from one consanguineous family with intellectual developmental, short stature and variable skeletal anomalies. Functional studies in patient cells showed impaired protein function.; Changed rating: RED; Changed phenotypes: Intellectual developmental disorder with short stature and variable skeletal anomalies 618453
Mendeliome v0.2440 ATOH7 Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: Segregates with disease in 3 consanguineous families from Pakistan/Turkey and one non-consanguineous family of Swiss origin. Functional effect was demonstrated in the latter family. The mouse homolog is required for retinal ganglion cell and optic nerve formation.; to: Segregates with disease in 3 consanguineous families from Pakistan/Turkey with global eye abnormalities, and one non-consanguineous family of Swiss origin with optic nerve hypoplasia. Functional effect was demonstrated in the latter family. The mouse homolog is required for retinal ganglion cell and optic nerve formation (in mice).
Mendeliome v0.2440 GFAP Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: Many (>20) de novo individuals described with Alexander disease. Three forms of disease are described with decreasing severity: infant-onset, juveline-onset, and adult-onset. Later-onset cases are more phenotypically heterogeneous.; to: Many (>10) de novo individuals described with Alexander disease. Three forms of disease are described with decreasing severity: infant-onset, juveline-onset, and adult-onset. Later-onset cases are more phenotypically heterogeneous.
Mendeliome v0.2440 GFAP Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: Many (>10) de novo individuals described with Alexander disease. Three forms of disease are described with decreasing severity: infant-onset, juveline-onset, and adult-onset. Later-onset cases are more phenotypically heterogeneous.; to: Many (>20) de novo individuals described with Alexander disease. Three forms of disease are described with decreasing severity: infant-onset, juveline-onset, and adult-onset. Later-onset cases are more phenotypically heterogeneous.
Mendeliome v0.2440 PKDCC Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: 2 ("apparently") unrelated individuals with homozygous LoF (1x nonsense, 1x canonical splice) variants reported. Their phenotype is similar to knockout mice.
Sources: Literature; to: 2 apparently unrelated individuals with homozygous LoF (1x nonsense, 1x canonical splice) variants reported. Their phenotype is similar to knockout mice.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2440 ORAI1 Natalie Tan changed review comment from: PMID 31448844 (comprehensive review, summarises all published cases, references functional evidence):
- Dominant ORAI1 missense variants via a GOF mechanism cause a spectrum of myopathy covering tubular aggregate myopathy/TAM and Stormorken syndrome/STRMK (slowly progressive muscle weakness with variable multisystemic disease including non-specific dysmorphism, a/hyposplenia, ichthyosis, cytopenias)
- Recessive ORAI1 variants via a LOF mechanism cause a combined immunodeficiency (recurrent and chronic infections, autoimmunity, ectodermal dysplasia, non-progressive myopathy); to: PMID 31448844 (comprehensive review, summarises all published cases, references functional evidence):
- Dominant ORAI1 missense variants via a GOF mechanism cause a slowly progressive myopathy (tubular aggregate myopathy/TAM)
- Recessive ORAI1 variants via a LOF mechanism cause a combined immunodeficiency (recurrent and chronic infections, autoimmunity, ectodermal dysplasia, non-progressive myopathy)
Mendeliome v0.2440 UBA2 Elena Savva gene: UBA2 was added
gene: UBA2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: UBA2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: UBA2 were set to PMID: 31332306; 31587267
Phenotypes for gene: UBA2 were set to Split-Hand/Foot Malformation; Aplasia Cutis Congenita; Ectrodactyly
Penetrance for gene: UBA2 were set to unknown
Review for gene: UBA2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: No OMIM phenotype

PMID: 31332306 - a single patient with a de novo PTC and split hand/foot malformation (SHFM). Additional two multigenic CNVs including this gene in patients with SHFM and ectrodactyly. Authors mention an additional de novo missense but the patient didnt have SHFM, argue low penetrance

PMID: 31587267 - a mother and son with aplasia cutis congenita (ACC), with a heterozygous PTC. Son also has ectrodactyly. Authors note an additional de novo missense in a patient with ACC.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2440 ORAI1 Natalie Tan changed review comment from: PMID 31448844 (comprehensive review, summarises all published cases, references functional evidence):
- Dominant ORAI1 missense variants via a GOF mechanism cause a spectrum of myopathy covering tubular aggregate myopathy/TAM and Stormorken syndrome/STRMK (slowly progressive muscle weakness with variable multisystemic disease including non-specific dysmorphism, a/hyposplenia, ichthyosis, cytopenias)
- Recessive ORAI1 variants via a LOF mechanism cause a combined immunodeficiency (recurrent and chronic infections, autoimmunity, ectodermal dysplasia, non-progressive myopathy); to: PMID 31448844 (comprehensive review, summarises all published cases, references functional evidence):
- Dominant ORAI1 missense variants via a GOF mechanism cause a spectrum of myopathy covering tubular aggregate myopathy/TAM and Stormorken syndrome/STRMK (slowly progressive muscle weakness with variable multisystemic disease including non-specific dysmorphism, a/hyposplenia, ichthyosis, cytopenias)
- Recessive ORAI1 variants via a LOF mechanism cause a combined immunodeficiency (recurrent and chronic infections, autoimmunity, ectodermal dysplasia, non-progressive myopathy)
Mendeliome v0.2440 GSX2 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Intellectual disability, spastic tetraparesis, dystonia
Mendeliome v0.2440 REC114 Michelle Torres gene: REC114 was added
gene: REC114 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: REC114 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: REC114 were set to 30388401; 31704776
Phenotypes for gene: REC114 were set to Female infertility
Review for gene: REC114 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three variants reported are either within or flanking exon 4.
- One hom patient (splice) had a miscarriage, 2 spontaneous complete hydatidiform moles, and 1 complete hydatidiform mole following intrauterine sperm injection (PMID: 30388401)
- Two hom unrelated patients from consanguineous families with abnormal pronuclear formation during fertilisation and subsequent early embrionic arrest resulting in female infertility. Both variants (1 missense and 1 splice) were shown to result in LoF (PMID: 31704776)
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2439 C1orf194 Ain Roesley gene: C1orf194 was added
gene: C1orf194 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: C1orf194 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: C1orf194 were set to PMID: 31199454
Phenotypes for gene: C1orf194 were set to Charcot-Marie-Tooth
Review for gene: C1orf194 was set to AMBER
Added comment: PMID: 31199454; 2 missense variants in 2 large families segregating in an AD pattern. Mouse models for one of the variants (p.(Ile121Asn) led to impairments in moto and neuromuscular functions
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2439 POLR1B Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: 6 individuals with Treacher-Collins syndrome described: 3 with de novo variants, one inherited from a mosaic father, and two inherited from affected mothers. Knockdown in zebrafish mimics the phenotype.
Sources: Literature; to: 6 individuals with Treacher-Collins syndrome described: 3 with de novo variants, one inherited from a mosaic father, and two inherited from affected mothers. Knockdown in zebrafish mimics the phenotype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2439 POLR1B Paul De Fazio gene: POLR1B was added
gene: POLR1B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: POLR1B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: POLR1B were set to 31649276
Phenotypes for gene: POLR1B were set to bilateral malar and mandibular hypoplasia; microtia; coloboma; downslanting palpebral fissures; conductive deafness; cleft palate; heart malformations
Review for gene: POLR1B was set to AMBER
gene: POLR1B was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 6 individuals with Treacher-Collins syndrome described: 3 with de novo variants, one inherited from a mosaic father, and two inherited from affected mothers. Knockdown in zebrafish mimics the phenotype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2436 WARS Naomi Baker gene: WARS was added
gene: WARS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: WARS was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: WARS were set to PMID: 28369220; 31321409; 31069783.
Phenotypes for gene: WARS were set to Neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, type IX (OMIM:617721); juvenile to adult onset (15-23 years); distal wasting; distal weakness; length-dependent motor axonal degeneration
Review for gene: WARS was set to GREEN
Added comment: 14 patients from five families were reported to have WARS-related neuropathy across three publications. Expression studies of mutant demonstrated decreased protein when compared to wild-type.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2421 PLOD3 Alison Yeung Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: >3 unrelated families reported
Mendeliome v0.2418 TBX6 Alison Yeung Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Biallelic variants associated with spondylocostal dysostosis in >3 unrelated individuals
Mouse model recapitulates phenotype
Mendeliome v0.2416 FUS Zornitza Stark commented on gene: FUS
Mendeliome v0.2416 C9orf72 Zornitza Stark commented on gene: C9orf72
Mendeliome v0.2416 ADAMTS19 Alison Yeung Added comment: Comment on list classification: Two different homozygous variants in two consanguineous families. Animal model demonstrates cardiac phenotype
Await further reported families
Mendeliome v0.2411 CAP2 Alison Yeung Added comment: Comment on list classification: Currently only one consanguineous family reported.
Knockout mouse model shows cardiomyopathy but not other clinical features reported in this family
Mendeliome v0.2401 CPSF1 Kristin Rigbye changed review comment from: 6 unrelated probands reported (3 nonsense, 1 frameshift, 1 splice, 1 missense) with variants all assumed to result in a loss of function. Variants were shown to be inherited from affected parents in 2 families. Gene-disease association was supported by knockdown of cpsf1 in zebrafish which caused abnormal ocular morphogenesis (30689892).
Sources: Literature; to: 6 unrelated probands reported (3 nonsense, 1 frameshift, 1 splice, 1 missense) with variants all assumed to result in a loss of function. Variants were shown to be inherited from affected parents in 2 families. Gene-disease association was supported by knockdown of cpsf1 in zebrafish which caused abnormal ocular morphogenesis (PMID: 30689892).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2401 CPSF1 Kristin Rigbye gene: CPSF1 was added
gene: CPSF1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CPSF1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CPSF1 were set to 30689892
Phenotypes for gene: CPSF1 were set to Myopia 27, 618827; high myopia; early-onset high myopiaHigh myopia
Review for gene: CPSF1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 6 unrelated probands reported (3 nonsense, 1 frameshift, 1 splice, 1 missense) with variants all assumed to result in a loss of function. Variants were shown to be inherited from affected parents in 2 families. Gene-disease association was supported by knockdown of cpsf1 in zebrafish which caused abnormal ocular morphogenesis (30689892).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2395 SIGMAR1 Michelle Torres changed review comment from: PMID: 31511340:
- N167I (1 het in gnomAD): in 7 consanguinous families from region of Jordan with a specific type of distal hereditary motor neuropathy of Jerash type (HMNJ). Experiments show loss of function effect.
- Lists recent publications with other variants (missense and truncating) in patients with distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) with mild pyramidal signs and jALS (juvenile ALS); to: PMID: 31511340:
- N167I (1 het in gnomAD): in 7 consanguinous families from region of Jordan with a specific type of distal hereditary motor neuropathy of Jerash type (HMNJ). Experiments show loss of function effect.
- Lists recent publications with other variants (missense and truncating) in patients with distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) with mild pyramidal signs and jALS (juvenile ALS)
Mendeliome v0.2392 GNAI2 Elena Savva gene: GNAI2 was added
gene: GNAI2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GNAI2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: GNAI2 were set to PMID: 31036916
Phenotypes for gene: GNAI2 were set to Pituitary adenoma, ACTH-secreting, somatic; Ventricular tachycardia, idiopathic 192605; Syndromic developmental disorder
Review for gene: GNAI2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Papers associating this gene to tachycardia are very old (pre 2000, OMIM).

PMID: 31036916 - a single de novo patient with syndromic developmental disorder

Summary: AMBER - one report, may be a coincidental de novo finding
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2386 FEM1B Elena Savva gene: FEM1B was added
gene: FEM1B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FEM1B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: FEM1B were set to PMID: 31036916
Phenotypes for gene: FEM1B were set to Syndromic global developmental delay
Review for gene: FEM1B was set to AMBER
Added comment: No OMIM phenotype

PMID: 31036916 - a single de novo patient reported in a neurodevelopmental disorder cohort. Authors note another de novo case with the exact same variant (p.Arg126Gln) from the DDD study, and a 3rd patient from GeneMatcher with the same de novo missense again. Decipher shows this variant to be in a highly constrained region of the protein.

Have selected AMBER for now - not sure if GeneMatcher findings can be used as a 3rd case
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2384 RXFP2 Alison Yeung Added comment: Comment on list classification: Only single reported family with animal model reported. Both reviews to date are based on same publication. No new publications/reported cases since this one.
Mendeliome v0.2383 SMCHD1 Teresa Zhao changed review comment from: Seven probands with FSHD reported to have LP/P variants, which all predicted to disrupt the structure and conformation of SMCHD1.; to: Seven probands with FSHD reported to have LP/P variants, which all predicted to disrupt the structure and conformation of SMCHD1.

No particular geno-pheno correlation, but location of missense variants within the ATPase domain of MSCHD1 may contribute to the differences in phenotypic outcome (PMID: 31243061)
Mendeliome v0.2383 GFAP Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: Many (>10) de novo individuals described with Alexander disease. Three forms of disease are described with decreasing severity: infant-onset, juveline-onset, and adult-onset. Later-onset cases are more phenotypically heterogeneous.; to: Many (>10) de novo individuals described with Alexander disease. Three forms of disease are described with decreasing severity: infant-onset, juveline-onset, and adult-onset. Later-onset cases are more phenotypically heterogeneous.
Mendeliome v0.2383 GFAP Paul De Fazio changed review comment from: Many (>10) de novo individuals described with Alexander disease. Three forms of disease are described with decreasing severity: infant-onset, juveline-onset, and adult-onset. Later-onset cases are more phenotypically heterogeneous.; to: Many (>10) de novo individuals described with Alexander disease. Three forms of disease are described with decreasing severity: infant-onset, juveline-onset, and adult-onset. Later-onset cases are more phenotypically heterogeneous.
Mendeliome v0.2378 WIPI2 Melanie Marty gene: WIPI2 was added
gene: WIPI2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: WIPI2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: WIPI2 were set to 30968111
Phenotypes for gene: WIPI2 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder with short stature and variable skeletal anomalies 618453
Review for gene: WIPI2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Four homozygous patients from one consanguineous family with intellectual developmental, short stature and variable skeletal anomalies. Functional studies in patient cells showed impaired protein function.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2378 SEC31A Hazel Phillimore gene: SEC31A was added
gene: SEC31A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SEC31A was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SEC31A were set to PMID: 30464055
Phenotypes for gene: SEC31A were set to congenital neurodevelopmental syndrome; spastic paraplegia; multiple contractures; profound developmental delay; epilepsy; failure to thrive
Review for gene: SEC31A was set to AMBER
Added comment: Frameshift. c.2776_2777, TA duplication, causing predicted p.A927fs*61 truncation and predicted NMD in 2 affected siblings in consanguineous Bedouin family with severe congenital neurological syndrome with spastic paraplegia, multiple contractures, profound developmental delay and convulsions. Failure to thrive. Lethal by age 4 years. Also had hearing defect, bilateral congenital cataract, horizontal nystagmus, with flat retina and optic atrophy. Supporting functional assays from knockout drosophila.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2378 SLC44A1 Sebastian Lunke gene: SLC44A1 was added
gene: SLC44A1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC44A1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC44A1 were set to 31855247
Phenotypes for gene: SLC44A1 were set to progressive ataxia; tremor; cognitive decline; dysphagia; optic atrophy; dysarthria
Review for gene: SLC44A1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four affected individuals from three families with homozygous frameshift variants. Functional evidence points to impaired choline transporter function yet unchanged membrane phosphatidylcholine content. Choline treatments may be beneficial.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2377 GSX2 Elena Savva gene: GSX2 was added
gene: GSX2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GSX2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GSX2 were set to PMID: 31412107
Phenotypes for gene: GSX2 were set to Diencephalic-mesencephalic junction dysplasia syndrome 2 618646
Review for gene: GSX2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: PMID: 31412107 - 2 unrelated patients with homozygous mutations (nonsense, missense). Functional analysis of the missense in transfected HeLa cells demonstrated protein mislocalization and protein expression. Downstream gene expression was also reduced by both mutations.

Summary: GREEN - 2 patients and functional evidence
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2376 PKDCC Alison Yeung Added comment: Comment on list classification: Two unrelated consanguineous families reported with different homozygous variants
Pre-existing mouse model has similar phenotype
Needs more functional evidence or further reported families
Mendeliome v0.2375 SPEF2 Chern Lim gene: SPEF2 was added
gene: SPEF2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SPEF2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SPEF2 were set to 31151990; 31278745; 31048344
Phenotypes for gene: SPEF2 were set to Spermatogenic failure 43, MIM#618751
Review for gene: SPEF2 was set to GREEN
gene: SPEF2 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: More than 3 unrelated families reported, all PTVs or splice variant. Functional studies showed SPEF2 protein levels were reduced in patients’ spermatozoa. (PMIDs: 31151990, 31278745, 31048344).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2372 ACKR3 Elena Savva gene: ACKR3 was added
gene: ACKR3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ACKR3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ACKR3 were set to PMID: 3121183
Phenotypes for gene: ACKR3 were set to Oculomotor synkinesis
Review for gene: ACKR3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: No phenotype currently listed in OMIM

PMID: 3121183 - 1 family (3 siblings and a cousin) with congenital ptosis and oculomotor synkinesis. Mouse model reciprocated the phenotype. Functional assay using transfected HEK293 cells show protein mislocalization and lower binding affinity

Emerging gene-disease association
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2365 ADAMTS19 Crystle Lee changed review comment from: PMID: 31844321; Wünnemann 2020: 4 affected in 2 unrelated consanguineous families with non-syndromic heart valve disease. 1 family with an intragenic (exon 1-8) deletion and 1 nonsense variant. Carriers unaffected. Homozygous knockout mice for Adamts19 show aortic valve dysfunction, recapitulating aspects of the human phenotype
Sources: Expert Review; to: Borderline amber/green
PMID: 31844321; Wünnemann 2020: 4 affected in 2 unrelated consanguineous families with non-syndromic heart valve disease. 1 family with an intragenic (exon 1-8) deletion and 1 nonsense variant. Carriers unaffected. Homozygous knockout mice for Adamts19 show aortic valve dysfunction, recapitulating aspects of the human phenotype
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.2365 ADAMTS19 Crystle Lee changed review comment from: PMID: 31844321; Wünnemann 2020: 4 affected in unrelated 2 consanguineous family with non-syndromic heart valve disease. 1 family with an intragenic (exon 1-8) deletion and 1 nonsense variant. Homozygous knockout mice for Adamts19 show aortic valve dysfunction, recapitulating aspects of the human phenotype
Sources: Expert Review; to: PMID: 31844321; Wünnemann 2020: 4 affected in 2 unrelated consanguineous families with non-syndromic heart valve disease. 1 family with an intragenic (exon 1-8) deletion and 1 nonsense variant. Carriers unaffected. Homozygous knockout mice for Adamts19 show aortic valve dysfunction, recapitulating aspects of the human phenotype
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.2365 SAMD12 Melanie Marty gene: SAMD12 was added
gene: SAMD12 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SAMD12 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SAMD12 were set to 30194086; 29507423
Phenotypes for gene: SAMD12 were set to Epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 1 601068
Review for gene: SAMD12 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Repeat expansions of intronic TTTCA and TTTTA motifs within SAMD12 have been identified in over 50 Japanese and Chinese families. Most families with affected individuals were heterozygous however 4 patients from 3 families had homozygous repeat expansions, which was associated with a more severe phenotype. Western blot analysis showed decreased levels of the protein in patient brains.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2365 FUS Elena Savva gene: FUS was added
gene: FUS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FUS was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: FUS were set to PMID: 32281455; 20668259; 20385912
Phenotypes for gene: FUS were set to Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 6, with or without frontotemporal dementia 608030; Essential tremor, hereditary, 4 614782
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: FUS was set to Other
Review for gene: FUS was set to GREEN
Added comment: PMID: 32281455 - Reports a case of Pediatric Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Reviews and shows multiple other reports of ALS casued by FUS

PMID: 20668259 - additional reports of ALS

PMID: 20385912 - postulated that disruption of this region may disrupt subcellular distribution of FUS, in turn affecting transcription and RNA processing and conferring a toxic gain of function.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2365 ADAMTS19 Crystle Lee gene: ADAMTS19 was added
gene: ADAMTS19 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: ADAMTS19 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ADAMTS19 were set to 31844321
Phenotypes for gene: ADAMTS19 were set to Non-syndromic heart valve disease
Review for gene: ADAMTS19 was set to GREEN
Added comment: PMID: 31844321; Wünnemann 2020: 4 affected in unrelated 2 consanguineous family with non-syndromic heart valve disease. 1 family with an intragenic (exon 1-8) deletion and 1 nonsense variant. Homozygous knockout mice for Adamts19 show aortic valve dysfunction, recapitulating aspects of the human phenotype
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.2365 ELOVL1 Hazel Phillimore changed review comment from: De novo in 2 unrelated patients. Decrease in ELOVL1 enzyme activity. The same 2 patients are in PMIDs: 30487246 and 29496980 but with different clinical findings. Deafness and optic atrophy are the additional features.; to: De novo missense (S165F) in 2 unrelated patients. Decrease in ELOVL1 enzyme activity. The same 2 patients are in PMIDs: 30487246 and 29496980 but with different clinical findings. Deafness and optic atrophy are the additional features.
Mendeliome v0.2365 C9orf72 Elena Savva gene: C9orf72 was added
gene: C9orf72 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: C9orf72 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: C9orf72 were set to PMID: 30120348; 23284068
Phenotypes for gene: C9orf72 were set to Frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 105550
Review for gene: C9orf72 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Possibly RED

Caused by expansion of GGGGCC repeats, dont know if these qualify for mendeliome
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2365 TNFRSF21 Alison Yeung Added comment: Comment on list classification: Report of single family
Limited functional evidence: tissue expression studies
Mendeliome v0.2364 CFAP65 Daniel Flanagan gene: CFAP65 was added
gene: CFAP65 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CFAP65 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CFAP65 were set to 31501240; 31413122
Phenotypes for gene: CFAP65 were set to Spermatogenic failure 40 618664
Penetrance for gene: CFAP65 were set to unknown
Review for gene: CFAP65 was set to GREEN
gene: CFAP65 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 9 patients with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) or completely immotile spermatozoa, in which, homozygous or compound heterozygous truncating CFAP65 variants were identified. Cfap65-mutated male mice displayed typical MMAF phenotypes with severe morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (PMID: 31501240, 31413122).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2364 CAP2 Melanie Marty gene: CAP2 was added
gene: CAP2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CAP2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CAP2 were set to 30518548
Phenotypes for gene: CAP2 were set to Dilated cardiomyopathy
Review for gene: CAP2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: 2 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy from 1 consanguineous family. The splice variant identified in this family was proven to cause exon skipping and functional studies showed protein level was reduced. A Cap2 knockout mouse model correlated with the clinical phenotype of DCM and cardiac conduction disease, but not the other effects on growth, viability, wound healing and eye development.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2364 USP45 Alison Yeung Added comment: Comment on list classification: Two unrelated families
Functional studies in animal model recapitulate retinal phenotype
Mendeliome v0.2362 SYCP2 Zornitza Stark gene: SYCP2 was added
gene: SYCP2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SYCP2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SYCP2 were set to 32092049; 31866047
Phenotypes for gene: SYCP2 were set to Male infertility
Review for gene: SYCP2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four individuals and a zebrafish model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2361 MYCN Ain Roesley changed review comment from: PMID: 30573562; case report of an individual with a missense in MYCN with functional studies done in neuronal progenitor/stem cells demonstrating gain-of-function; to: PMID: 30573562; case report of an individual with a missense in MYCN with functional studies done in neuronal progenitor/stem cells demonstrating gain-of-function
Mendeliome v0.2361 PKDCC Paul De Fazio gene: PKDCC was added
gene: PKDCC was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PKDCC was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PKDCC were set to PMID:30478137; 19097194
Phenotypes for gene: PKDCC were set to Dysmorphism; shortening of extremities
Review for gene: PKDCC was set to AMBER
gene: PKDCC was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 2 ("apparently") unrelated individuals with homozygous LoF (1x nonsense, 1x canonical splice) variants reported. Their phenotype is similar to knockout mice.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2361 MYCN Ain Roesley edited their review of gene: MYCN: Added comment: PMID: 30573562; case report of an individual with a missense in MYCN with functional studies done in neuronal progenitor/stem cells demonstrating gain-of-function; Changed rating: RED; Changed publications: PMID: 30573562; Changed phenotypes: megalencephaly, ventriculomegaly, hypoplastic corpus callosum, intellectual disability, polydactyly, neuroblastoma
Mendeliome v0.2361 TNFRSF21 Shannon Cowie gene: TNFRSF21 was added
gene: TNFRSF21 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Other
Mode of inheritance for gene: TNFRSF21 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: TNFRSF21 were set to PMID: 31189563
Phenotypes for gene: TNFRSF21 were set to high myopia
Review for gene: TNFRSF21 was set to RED
gene: TNFRSF21 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Source: JMG review Oct 2019
Large Chinese family, including 12 patients with non-syndromic HM
Immunofluorescence assay indicated that it is strongly expressed in the mouse eye.
Sources: Other
Mendeliome v0.2361 USP45 Kristin Rigbye gene: USP45 was added
gene: USP45 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: USP45 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: USP45 were set to 30573563
Phenotypes for gene: USP45 were set to Leber congenital amaurosis; retinal dystrophy
Review for gene: USP45 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 2 unrelated Chinese families reported with rare homozygous variants (one missense, one nonsense) and Leber congenital amaurosis. Animal knockout functional studies supported gene-disease association.

PMID: 30573563 "By analysing WES data based on allele frequencies of in-house controls, population allele frequencies and in silico prediction tools, two rare homozygous mutations in USP45 were identified in two unrelated families. Immunohistochemistry of USP45 in the human and zebrafish retinal sections revealed enriched expression in the inner segments of photoreceptors. The knockdown of usp45 transcript in zebrafish led to abnormal retinal development with effects on photoreceptors, which could be successfully rescued by wild-type usp45 mRNA. Moreover, targeted knockout of Usp45 in mice caused abnormal electroretinography responses, similar to that seen in patients with LCA."
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2360 BAZ2B Zornitza Stark gene: BAZ2B was added
gene: BAZ2B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: BAZ2B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: BAZ2B were set to 31999386; 28135719; 25363768
Phenotypes for gene: BAZ2B were set to Intellectual disability; autism
Review for gene: BAZ2B was set to GREEN
Added comment: Postulated as a candidate gene for ID/ASD by large-scale studies. Case series reports two individuals with small CNVs and and six with SNVs, mostly LoF type variants. Although the gene is generally intolerant of LoF, some LoF variants present in gnomad ?incomplete penetrance. Additional reported features were inconsistent
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.2358 TPI1 Zornitza Stark gene: TPI1 was added
gene: TPI1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TPI1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: TPI1 were set to Hemolytic anemia due to triosephosphate isomerase deficiency, MIM# 615512
Review for gene: TPI1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2356 EMG1 Zornitza Stark gene: EMG1 was added
gene: EMG1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: EMG1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: EMG1 were set to 19463982
Phenotypes for gene: EMG1 were set to Bowen-Conradi syndrome, MIM#211180
Review for gene: EMG1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Founder mutation in Hutterite, D86G.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2354 EIF2AK4 Zornitza Stark gene: EIF2AK4 was added
gene: EIF2AK4 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: EIF2AK4 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: EIF2AK4 were set to Pulmonary venoocclusive disease 2, MIM#234810
Review for gene: EIF2AK4 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2352 AGBL5 Zornitza Stark gene: AGBL5 was added
gene: AGBL5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: AGBL5 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: AGBL5 were set to 26720455; 26355662; 30925032
Phenotypes for gene: AGBL5 were set to Retinitis pigmentosa 75, MIM# 617023
Review for gene: AGBL5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: At least three unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2350 CPT1C Bryony Thompson gene: CPT1C was added
gene: CPT1C was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CPT1C was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CPT1C were set to 25751282; 23973755
Phenotypes for gene: CPT1C were set to Spastic paraplegia 73, autosomal dominant MIM#616282
Review for gene: CPT1C was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families dominant HSP and a supportive mouse model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2348 ATP2B4 Bryony Thompson gene: ATP2B4 was added
gene: ATP2B4 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATP2B4 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ATP2B4 were set to 25119969; 25798335; 29691679
Phenotypes for gene: ATP2B4 were set to Hereditary spastic paraplegia
Review for gene: ATP2B4 was set to AMBER
Added comment: One Chinese family segregating a missense variant with HSP and one HSP case with a assumed de novo nonsense variant. Supporting in vitro functional assays for the missense variant.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2328 TECTA Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Both recessive and dominant deafness associations assessed as DEFINITIVE by ClinGen.
Mendeliome v0.2320 SOS1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: The association with Noonan syndrome is well established; the association with gingival fibromatosis is questionable.
Mendeliome v0.2318 SOS1 Zornitza Stark Mode of pathogenicity for gene: SOS1 was changed from to Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments
Mendeliome v0.2313 MED13L Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: The evidence for isolated CHD much less compelling than the association with a neurodevelopmental syndrome.
Mendeliome v0.2305 SOS1 Elena Savva reviewed gene: SOS1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments; Publications: PMID: 25062969, 17143285, 17143282; Phenotypes: ?Fibromatosis, gingival, 1, 135300, Noonan syndrome 4, 610733; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Mendeliome v0.2304 XRCC1 Bryony Thompson gene: XRCC1 was added
gene: XRCC1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: XRCC1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: XRCC1 were set to 28002403; 29472272
Phenotypes for gene: XRCC1 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 26 MIM#617633
Review for gene: XRCC1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three South Asian cases (one with early adult onset and the other two with onset in childhood) reported with slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia accompanied by sensorimotor neuropathy. All with the recurrent splice variant (c.1293G>C, 2 homozygotes and a compound heterozygote). Mice with conditional deletion of the Xrcc1 gene in the brain showed cerebellar ataxia.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2302 TRPC3 Bryony Thompson gene: TRPC3 was added
gene: TRPC3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRPC3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: TRPC3 were set to 25477146; 19351902
Phenotypes for gene: TRPC3 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia 41 MIM#616410
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: TRPC3 was set to Other
Review for gene: TRPC3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A heterozygous gain-of function missense has been identified in a 40-year-old man with adult-onset spinocerebellar ataxia. A mouse model of dominant cerebellar ataxia, termed 'moonwalker', contains a gain-of-function variant in this gene.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2300 SLC9A1 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC9A1 was added
gene: SLC9A1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC9A1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC9A1 were set to 25205112; 30018422; 25760855
Phenotypes for gene: SLC9A1 were set to Lichtenstein-Knorr syndrome, MIM# 616291
Review for gene: SLC9A1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two families with bi-allelic variants in this gene reported and combination of deafness and ataxia.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2298 MTCL1 Bryony Thompson gene: MTCL1 was added
gene: MTCL1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MTCL1 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MTCL1 were set to 30548255; 28283581
Phenotypes for gene: MTCL1 were set to slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia; mild intellectual disability; seizures; episodic pain; spinocerebellar ataxia
Review for gene: MTCL1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single case with a homozygous loss of function variant in a Polish study of early-onset cerebellar ataxia, and a single family with a single heterozygous missense (p.Val1435Met) identified in two family members with adult-onset spinocerebellar ataxia. Mtcl1 gene disruption in mice results in abnormal motor coordination with Purkinje cell degeneration
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2296 ATG5 Bryony Thompson gene: ATG5 was added
gene: ATG5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATG5 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ATG5 were set to 16625204; 26812546
Phenotypes for gene: ATG5 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 25 MIM#617584
Review for gene: ATG5 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A homozgyous variant was identified in a single family with two affected siblings. Mice deficient for Atg5 specifically in neural cells and Atg5 null Drosophila develop progressive deficits in motor function.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2295 IL18BP Zornitza Stark gene: IL18BP was added
gene: IL18BP was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IL18BP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IL18BP were set to 31213488
Phenotypes for gene: IL18BP were set to {?Hepatitis, fulminant viral, susceptibility to} 618549
Review for gene: IL18BP was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported with homozygous 40bp deletion in this gene and fulminant Hep A hepatitis.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2290 ACOX2 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: The ACOX2 gene encodes a peroxisomal branched-chain acyl-CoA oxidase involved in bile acid synthesis.
Mendeliome v0.2289 ACOX2 Zornitza Stark gene: ACOX2 was added
gene: ACOX2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: ACOX2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ACOX2 were set to 27647924; 27884763
Phenotypes for gene: ACOX2 were set to Bile acid synthesis defect, congenital, 6, 617308
Review for gene: ACOX2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.2287 LARS Zornitza Stark gene: LARS was added
gene: LARS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: LARS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LARS were set to 28774368; 30349989; 22607940
Phenotypes for gene: LARS were set to Infantile liver failure syndrome 1, MIM# 615438
Review for gene: LARS was set to GREEN
gene: LARS was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Six unrelated families reported in the literature, reviewed in PMID: 30349989.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.2281 SIPA1L3 Bryony Thompson gene: SIPA1L3 was added
gene: SIPA1L3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SIPA1L3 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SIPA1L3 were set to 28951961; 27993984; 25804400
Phenotypes for gene: SIPA1L3 were set to Cataract 45 MIM#616851
Review for gene: SIPA1L3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A consanguineous German family segregating a homozygous nonsense mutation in two sisters with congenital cataracts (PMID: 25804400). Null Zebrafish, Xenopus and mouse models recapitulate the human cataract phenotype. A case with congenital cataracts as a feature of their condition harboured a de novo balanced chromosomal translocation, 46,XY,t(2;19)(q37.3;q13.1), where breakpoint mapping and sequencing showed a physical disruption of the 5′UTR of SIPA1L3 (PMID: 26231217). In a case with bilateral congenital cataracts a heterozygous missense (D148Y) was identified and in vitro functional assays of the variant resulted in abnormal actin morphology (PMID: 26231217).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2280 KCNJ11 Elena Savva edited their review of gene: KCNJ11: Added comment: Congenital hyperinsulinism (HI) variants are generally reported in heterozygous patients where they also carry a somatic 2nd hit, or have isodisomy of the paternal allele (focal HI), or in bilallelic patients (diffuse HI). This condition can be dominant (but rarely), where patients with these missense are diazoxide-responsive. Patients with recessively inherited variants are diazoxide-unresponsive (OMIM, PMID:11395395, PMID: 23275527, PMID: 23345197).

Genotype-phenotype correlation:
Permanent neonatal diabetes – GOF (OMIM)
Permanent neonatal diabetes + other features – GOF (OMIM)
Congenital hyperinsulinism – LOF (PMID:18250167).

PTCs - LOF
Missense - Loss and gain of function
LOF – cause reduce channel expression, channel activity and increase current decay (PMID:18250167)
GOF - impair ATP-based sensitivity, more open state channel (OMIM)

Mutations generally occur on the paternal allele (PMID: 23345197).; Changed publications: PMID:18250167, 11395395, 23275527, 23345197
Mendeliome v0.2279 SLC18A2 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC18A2 was added
gene: SLC18A2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC18A2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC18A2 were set to 23363473; 31240161; 26497564
Phenotypes for gene: SLC18A2 were set to Parkinsonism-dystonia, infantile, 2, MIM# 618049
Review for gene: SLC18A2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: At least three unrelated families reported, potential treatment implications
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.2278 RNU4ATAC Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Note gene is not protein coding.
Mendeliome v0.2275 IFT172 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Established ciliopathy gene.
Mendeliome v0.2259 MARS2 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: 1 family with 2 sibs with combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency-25 (with ID) with compound heterozygous mutations in the MARS2 gene. Patient fibroblasts showed decreased activities of mitochondrial complexes I and IV, consistent with a mitochondrial translation defect. Immunoblot analysis showed reduced MARS2 protein levels as well as reduced levels of selected subunits of complexes I and IV.; to: 1 family with 2 sibs with combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency-25 (with ID) with compound heterozygous mutations in the MARS2 gene. Patient fibroblasts showed decreased activities of mitochondrial complexes I and IV, consistent with a mitochondrial translation defect. Immunoblot analysis showed reduced MARS2 protein levels as well as reduced levels of selected subunits of complexes I and IV. Spastic ataxia association: note complex chromosomal rearrangements rather than SNVs reported in group of 54 French Canadians.
Mendeliome v0.2246 PAX1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Note recent report of 6 individuals from three unrelated families with prominent immunological phenotype.; to: Note additional recent report of 6 individuals from three unrelated families with prominent immunological phenotype.
Mendeliome v0.2225 SHANK2 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Reports of CNVs, LoF variants, and missense variants in this gene, generally ascertained in autism cohorts. Some de novo and others inherited from parents with a range of neuropsychiatric phenotypes.
Mendeliome v0.2213 SOX11 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Heterozygous variant in a patient with Coffin-Siris like syndrome and small kidney; but also rare variants identified in a non-syndromic CAKUT cohort with some functional data.
Sources: Expert list; to: Coffin-Siris syndrome: two individuals with de novo mono-allelic missense variants in this gene, mouse model.
CAKUT: Heterozygous variant in a patient with Coffin-Siris like syndrome and small kidney; but also rare variants identified in a non-syndromic CAKUT cohort with some functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2204 PPCS Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Five individuals from two unrelated families reported with missense variants. Functional studies in yeast to demonstrate impact of the variants on protein but not aimed at establishing gene-disease causation.; to: Five individuals from two unrelated families reported with missense variants. Functional studies in yeast to demonstrate impact of the variants on protein and cardiac dysfunction observed in Drosophila model.
Mendeliome v0.2204 PET117 Zornitza Stark gene: PET117 was added
gene: PET117 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PET117 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PET117 were set to 28386624
Phenotypes for gene: PET117 were set to Developmental delay; Regression; Complex IV deficiency
Review for gene: PET117 was set to RED
Added comment: Two siblings reported, some functional data. PET117 postulated to be a Complex IV assembly factor.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2200 NUP188 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: NUP188: Added comment: Additional 6 unrelated individuals with bi-allelic LoF variants reported, promoted to Green.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 32021605, 28726809, 32275884; Changed phenotypes: microcephaly, ID, cataract, structural brain abnormalities, hypoventilation
Mendeliome v0.2179 NME3 Zornitza Stark gene: NME3 was added
gene: NME3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: NME3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NME3 were set to 30587587
Phenotypes for gene: NME3 were set to Hypotonia; Neurodegeneration; Abnormal mitochondrial dynamics
Review for gene: NME3 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported. NME3 is a mitochondrial outer-membrane protein capable of interacting with MFN1/2, and its depletion causes dysfunction in mitochondrial dynamics
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2178 MRPS28 Zornitza Stark gene: MRPS28 was added
gene: MRPS28 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MRPS28 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MRPS28 were set to 30566640
Phenotypes for gene: MRPS28 were set to Intrauterine growth retardation; developmental delay; dysmorphism
Review for gene: MRPS28 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2177 MRPS25 Zornitza Stark gene: MRPS25 was added
gene: MRPS25 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MRPS25 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MRPS25 were set to 31039582
Phenotypes for gene: MRPS25 were set to Dyskinetic cerebral palsy; Mitochondrial myopathy; Partial agenesis of the corpus callosum
Review for gene: MRPS25 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2173 MRPS23 Zornitza Stark Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.2173 MRPS23 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: MRPS23: Added comment: Four families reported.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 26741492, 17873122, 25663021, 28752220; Changed phenotypes: Hepatic disease, Combined respiratory chain complex deficiencies, Cardiomyopathy, Tubulopathy, Lactic acidosis, Structural brain abnormalities
Mendeliome v0.2173 MIEF2 Zornitza Stark gene: MIEF2 was added
gene: MIEF2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MIEF2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MIEF2 were set to 29361167
Phenotypes for gene: MIEF2 were set to Progressive muscle weakness; Exercise intolerance; Ragged red and COX negative fibres; Complex I and IV deficiency
Review for gene: MIEF2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2171 ERAL1 Zornitza Stark gene: ERAL1 was added
gene: ERAL1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ERAL1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ERAL1 were set to 28449065
Phenotypes for gene: ERAL1 were set to Perrault syndrome 6, MIM# 617565
Review for gene: ERAL1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Three individuals from same small geographical location with homozygous missense variant in this gene, functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2170 COX5A Zornitza Stark gene: COX5A was added
gene: COX5A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: COX5A was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: COX5A were set to 2824752
Phenotypes for gene: COX5A were set to pulmonary arterial hypertension; lactic acidemia; failure to thrive; isolated complex IV deficiency
Review for gene: COX5A was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2063 CFB Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Single individual reported, supportive immunophenotyping data.; to: Single individual reported with bi-allelic variants and complement deficiency, supportive immunophenotyping data. Mono-allelic variants linked to susceptibility to aHUS.
Mendeliome v0.2050 CD247 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Also known as CD3Z. Single individual reported with homozygous germline nonsense variant, which was present in some T cells, but others had the nonsense variant in combination with one of three different missense somatic variants.; to: Also known as CD3Z. Note one individual reported with homozygous germline nonsense variant, which was present in some T cells, but others had the nonsense variant in combination with one of three different missense somatic variants.
Mendeliome v0.2050 CD247 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: CD247: Added comment: Two reports in the literature, note additional two reports in ClinVar; functional data.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 16672702, 17170122
Mendeliome v0.2044 MIR140 Zornitza Stark gene: MIR140 was added
gene: MIR140 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: MIR140 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MIR140 were set to 30804514; 31633310
Phenotypes for gene: MIR140 were set to Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Nishimura type, MIM# 618618
Review for gene: MIR140 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Single clinical paper (30804514) reports variant in affected mother and child (de novo in mother) and in a separate unrelated female (de novo) with spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia. Mouse model (21576357) deletion of gene causes impaired longitudinal bone growth. Separate mouse model studies by same authors as clinical paper above (30804514) showed phenotype of mice with same mutation in this gene consistent with the skeletal dysplasia features of patients with the n.24A-G mutation, suggestive of neomorphic effects (mutation produces both loss-of-function and gain-of-function effects.)
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.2013 IL6ST Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Also known as gp130. Two families with bi-allelic missense variants and immunological phenotype described initially. More recently, five individuals from three families reported with a more complex Stuve-Wiedemann-like phenotype reported, including skeletal dysplasia and neonatal lung dysfunction with additional features such as congenital thrombocytopenia, eczematoid dermatitis, renal abnormalities, and defective acute-phase response. These three families had bi-allelic LoF variants (nonsense and canonical splice site). Several mouse models support gene-disease association.
Sources: Expert list; to: Also known as gp130. Two families with bi-allelic missense variants and immunological phenotype described initially. More recently, five individuals from three families reported with a more complex Stuve-Wiedemann-like phenotype reported, including skeletal dysplasia and neonatal lung dysfunction with additional features such as congenital thrombocytopenia, eczematoid dermatitis, renal abnormalities, and defective acute-phase response. These three families had bi-allelic LoF variants (nonsense and canonical splice site). Several mouse models support gene-disease association.
2020: 12 individuals from 8 unrelated families with seven different mono-allelic truncating variants, dominant negative effect proposed.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.2005 MAD2L2 Zornitza Stark gene: MAD2L2 was added
gene: MAD2L2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MAD2L2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MAD2L2 were set to 27500492
Phenotypes for gene: MAD2L2 were set to Fanconi anemia, complementation group V, MIM# 617243
Review for gene: MAD2L2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1999 HAVCR2 Zornitza Stark gene: HAVCR2 was added
gene: HAVCR2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: HAVCR2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: HAVCR2 were set to 30374066; 30792187
Phenotypes for gene: HAVCR2 were set to T-cell lymphoma, subcutaneous panniculitis-like, MIM# 618398
Review for gene: HAVCR2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Over 20 unrelated individuals reported, note germline confirmation in only a few. Some variants are recurrent: c.245A>G (p.Tyr82Cys) and c.291A>G (p.Ile97Met).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1997 TRIM22 Zornitza Stark gene: TRIM22 was added
gene: TRIM22 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRIM22 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TRIM22 were set to 26836588
Phenotypes for gene: TRIM22 were set to Inflammatory bowel disease
Review for gene: TRIM22 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families reported with bi-allelic variants in this gene, and very early onset IBD, some functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1995 ALPI Zornitza Stark gene: ALPI was added
gene: ALPI was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ALPI was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ALPI were set to 29567797
Phenotypes for gene: ALPI were set to Inflammatory bowel disease
Review for gene: ALPI was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated individuals, some functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1994 PSMG2 Zornitza Stark gene: PSMG2 was added
gene: PSMG2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PSMG2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PSMG2 were set to 30664889
Phenotypes for gene: PSMG2 were set to CANDLE syndrome; Chronic atypical neutrophilic dermatitis with lipodystrophy
Review for gene: PSMG2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1987 TIRAP Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: No evidence currently for Mendelian disease association. Some evidence for polymorphisms in this gene influencing susceptibility/protection from infectious disease.; to: No evidence currently for Mendelian disease association. Some evidence for polymorphisms in this gene influencing susceptibility/protection from infectious disease. One family with 8 individuals and bi-allelic variants and susceptibility to staphylococcal disease reported.
Mendeliome v0.1987 IRAK1 Zornitza Stark gene: IRAK1 was added
gene: IRAK1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IRAK1 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Publications for gene: IRAK1 were set to 28069966
Phenotypes for gene: IRAK1 were set to Susceptibility to bacterial infections
Review for gene: IRAK1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual with MECP2 and IRAK1 deletion, died in infancy, immunological phenotype not fully elucidated. In vitro studies.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1985 DBR1 Zornitza Stark gene: DBR1 was added
gene: DBR1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: DBR1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DBR1 were set to 29474921
Phenotypes for gene: DBR1 were set to Viral infections of the brainstem
Review for gene: DBR1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Seven individuals from three unrelated families with viral brainstem encephalitis and bi-allelic hypomorphic variants.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1984 POLR3F Zornitza Stark gene: POLR3F was added
gene: POLR3F was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: POLR3F was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: POLR3F were set to 30211253
Phenotypes for gene: POLR3F were set to Severe VZV infection
Review for gene: POLR3F was set to RED
Added comment: Missense variant identified in a pair of monozygotic twins. Variant was paternally inherited.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1982 POLR3C Zornitza Stark gene: POLR3C was added
gene: POLR3C was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: POLR3C was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: POLR3C were set to 28783042
Phenotypes for gene: POLR3C were set to Severe VZV infection
Review for gene: POLR3C was set to AMBER
Added comment: One individual with POLR3C variant and another individual with both POL3RA and POL3RC variants.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1974 IFNAR1 Zornitza Stark gene: IFNAR1 was added
gene: IFNAR1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IFNAR1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IFNAR1 were set to 31270247
Phenotypes for gene: IFNAR1 were set to Severe disease caused by Yellow Fever vaccine and Measles vaccine
Review for gene: IFNAR1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated individuals reported with bi-allelic LoF variants, some functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1972 IRF9 Zornitza Stark gene: IRF9 was added
gene: IRF9 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IRF9 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IRF9 were set to 30826365; 30143481
Phenotypes for gene: IRF9 were set to Immunodeficiency 65, susceptibility to viral infections 618648
Review for gene: IRF9 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1970 CIB1 Zornitza Stark gene: CIB1 was added
gene: CIB1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CIB1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CIB1 were set to 30068544
Phenotypes for gene: CIB1 were set to Epidermodysplasia verruciformis 3 618267; HPV infections and cancer of the skin
Review for gene: CIB1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 24 individuals from 6 families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1965 JAK1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Single family reported (mother and two children) with GoF variant.
Sources: Expert list; to: Single family reported (mother and two children) with GoF variant and immune dysregulation phenotype. Another individual reported with bi-allelic LoF and susceptibility to mycobacterial infections. Mouse model with NK defect.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1964 SPPL2A Zornitza Stark gene: SPPL2A was added
gene: SPPL2A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SPPL2A was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SPPL2A were set to 30127434
Phenotypes for gene: SPPL2A were set to Susceptibility to mycobacteria and Salmonella
Review for gene: SPPL2A was set to AMBER
Added comment: Three individuals from two unrelated consanguineous family with two different homozygous splice site variants, functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1959 IL12RB2 Zornitza Stark gene: IL12RB2 was added
gene: IL12RB2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IL12RB2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IL12RB2 were set to 30578351
Phenotypes for gene: IL12RB2 were set to Susceptibility to mycobacteria and Salmonella
Review for gene: IL12RB2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported, some functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1957 C17orf62 Zornitza Stark gene: C17orf62 was added
gene: C17orf62 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: C17orf62 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: C17orf62 were set to 30361506; 30312704; 28351984
Phenotypes for gene: C17orf62 were set to Chronic granulomatous disease
Review for gene: C17orf62 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Seven Icelandic families reported with same homozygous variant, p.Tyr2Ter and an additional family from different ethnic background with different homozygous splice site variant. Functional data, including mouse model. Gene also known as EROS and CYBC1 (HGNC approved name)
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1955 MKL1 Zornitza Stark gene: MKL1 was added
gene: MKL1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MKL1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MKL1 were set to 32128589; 26224645
Phenotypes for gene: MKL1 were set to Neutropaenia with combined immune deficiency
Review for gene: MKL1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1954 HYOU1 Zornitza Stark gene: HYOU1 was added
gene: HYOU1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: HYOU1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: HYOU1 were set to 27913302
Phenotypes for gene: HYOU1 were set to Immunodeficiency 59 and hypoglycemia, MIM# 233600
Review for gene: HYOU1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1952 SMARCD2 Zornitza Stark gene: SMARCD2 was added
gene: SMARCD2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SMARCD2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SMARCD2 were set to 28369036; 28369034
Phenotypes for gene: SMARCD2 were set to Specific granule deficiency 2, MIM# 617475; Neutropaenia; Neurodevelopmental abnormalities in some; Myelodysplasia
Review for gene: SMARCD2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families and functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1950 TNFRSF9 Zornitza Stark gene: TNFRSF9 was added
gene: TNFRSF9 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TNFRSF9 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TNFRSF9 were set to 30872117; 31501153
Phenotypes for gene: TNFRSF9 were set to EBV lymphoproliferation; B-cell lymphoma; Chronic active EBV infection
Review for gene: TNFRSF9 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Six unrelated individuals, two with same homozygous G109S missense variant, functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1946 JAK1 Zornitza Stark gene: JAK1 was added
gene: JAK1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: JAK1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: JAK1 were set to 28111307
Phenotypes for gene: JAK1 were set to Eosinophilia; Eosinophilic enteritis; Thyroid disease; Poor growth; Viral infections
Review for gene: JAK1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported (mother and two children) with GoF variant.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1944 IL2RB Zornitza Stark gene: IL2RB was added
gene: IL2RB was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IL2RB was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IL2RB were set to 31040184; 31040185
Phenotypes for gene: IL2RB were set to Immunodeficiency 63 with lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity, MIM# 618495; Lymphoproliferation, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, dermatitis, enteropathy, hypergammaglobulinaemia, recurrent viral (EBV, CMV) infections
Review for gene: IL2RB was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1943 AP3D1 Zornitza Stark gene: AP3D1 was added
gene: AP3D1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: AP3D1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: AP3D1 were set to 26744459; 9697856
Phenotypes for gene: AP3D1 were set to Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 10, MIM# 617050; Oculocutaneous albinism; Severe neutropaenia; Recurrent infections; Seizures; Hearing loss; Neurodevelopmental delay
Review for gene: AP3D1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family and a mouse model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1942 FAAP24 Zornitza Stark gene: FAAP24 was added
gene: FAAP24 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: FAAP24 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FAAP24 were set to 27473539
Phenotypes for gene: FAAP24 were set to EBV infection-driven lymphoproliferative disease
Review for gene: FAAP24 was set to RED
Added comment: Single sib pair with homozygous missense variant, some functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1941 SH3KBP1 Zornitza Stark gene: SH3KBP1 was added
gene: SH3KBP1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SH3KBP1 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Publications for gene: SH3KBP1 were set to 29636373; 21708930
Phenotypes for gene: SH3KBP1 were set to Immunodeficiency 61, MIM# 300310
Review for gene: SH3KBP1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported, 247.5-kb intragenic deletion detected by array.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1940 ARHGEF1 Zornitza Stark gene: ARHGEF1 was added
gene: ARHGEF1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ARHGEF1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ARHGEF1 were set to 30521495
Phenotypes for gene: ARHGEF1 were set to Immunodeficiency 62, MIM#618459
Review for gene: ARHGEF1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family, functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1936 IRF2BP2 Zornitza Stark gene: IRF2BP2 was added
gene: IRF2BP2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IRF2BP2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: IRF2BP2 were set to 27016798
Phenotypes for gene: IRF2BP2 were set to Immunodeficiency, common variable, 14, MIM# 617765
Review for gene: IRF2BP2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported only.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1933 TOP2B Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Association with deafness: One multigenerational family where variant in this gene segregated; two additional variants identified in a cohort; supportive animal model data.
Association with immunological phenotypes: Four individuals from three unrelated families reported, all the variants affected the TOPRIM domain, functional data including mouse model.
Sources: Literature; to: Association with deafness: One multigenerational family where variant in this gene segregated; two additional variants identified in a cohort; supportive animal model data.
Association with immunological phenotypes: Four individuals from three unrelated families reported, all the variants affected the TOPRIM domain, functional data including mouse model.
Intellectual disability: two unrelated individuals reported with same de novo variant, c.187C > T, p.(His63Tyr) and also supportive mouse model data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1932 TOP2B Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: One multigenerational family where variant in this gene segregated; two additional variants identified in a cohort; supportive animal model data.
Sources: Literature; to: Association with deafness: One multigenerational family where variant in this gene segregated; two additional variants identified in a cohort; supportive animal model data.
Association with immunological phenotypes: Four individuals from three unrelated families reported, all the variants affected the TOPRIM domain, functional data including mouse model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1931 SLC39A7 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC39A7 was added
gene: SLC39A7 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC39A7 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC39A7 were set to 30718914
Phenotypes for gene: SLC39A7 were set to Antibody deficiency; early onset infections; blistering dermatosis; failure to thrive; thrombocytopaenia
Review for gene: SLC39A7 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five unrelated families with hypomorphic variants and a mouse model recapitulating phenotype.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1929 NFE2L2 Zornitza Stark gene: NFE2L2 was added
gene: NFE2L2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: NFE2L2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NFE2L2 were set to 29018201
Phenotypes for gene: NFE2L2 were set to Immunodeficiency, developmental delay, and hypohomocysteinemia, MIM# 617744; Recurrent respiratory and skin infection; Growth retardation; Developmental delay, borderline ID; White matter cerebral lesions
Review for gene: NFE2L2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated individuals reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1927 ERBIN Zornitza Stark gene: ERBIN was added
gene: ERBIN was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ERBIN was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ERBIN were set to 28126831
Phenotypes for gene: ERBIN were set to Recurrent respiratory infections; Susceptibility to S.aureus; Eczema; Hyperextensible joints; Scoliosis; Arterial dilatation in some
Review for gene: ERBIN was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family and functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1925 ZNF341 Zornitza Stark gene: ZNF341 was added
gene: ZNF341 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ZNF341 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ZNF341 were set to 29907691; 29907690
Phenotypes for gene: ZNF341 were set to Hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 3, autosomal recessive, MIM# 618282; Mild facial dysmorphism; Early onset eczema; Recurrent bacterial skin infections, abscesses; Recurrent respiratory infections, lung abscesses and pneumothoraces; Hyperextensible joints, bone fractures, retention of primary teeth
Review for gene: ZNF341 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 19 individuals from 10 families reported, some sharing the same homozygous variants (at least 4 different LoF variants reported).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1923 IL6ST Zornitza Stark gene: IL6ST was added
gene: IL6ST was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IL6ST was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IL6ST were set to 28747427; 30309848; 12370259; 16041381; 31914175
Phenotypes for gene: IL6ST were set to Hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 4, autosomal recessive, MIM# 618523; Stuve-Wiedemann-like syndrome: skeletal dysplasia, neonatal lung dysfunction, thrombocytopenia, dermatitis, defective acute-phase response.
Review for gene: IL6ST was set to GREEN
Added comment: Also known as gp130. Two families with bi-allelic missense variants and immunological phenotype described initially. More recently, five individuals from three families reported with a more complex Stuve-Wiedemann-like phenotype reported, including skeletal dysplasia and neonatal lung dysfunction with additional features such as congenital thrombocytopenia, eczematoid dermatitis, renal abnormalities, and defective acute-phase response. These three families had bi-allelic LoF variants (nonsense and canonical splice site). Several mouse models support gene-disease association.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1917 LIG1 Zornitza Stark gene: LIG1 was added
gene: LIG1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: LIG1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LIG1 were set to 30395541
Phenotypes for gene: LIG1 were set to Combined immunodeficiency; Lymphopaenia; Hypogammaglobulinaemia; Recurrent bacterial and viral infections; Growth retardation; Sun sensitivity, radiation sensitivity; Macrocytosis
Review for gene: LIG1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five individuals from three families.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1916 POLE2 Zornitza Stark gene: POLE2 was added
gene: POLE2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: POLE2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: POLE2 were set to 26365386
Phenotypes for gene: POLE2 were set to Combined immunodeficiency; Lymphopaenia; Lack of TRECS, absent proliferation in response to antigens; Hypoglobulinaemia; Recurrent infections, disseminated BCG infections; Autoimmunity; Facial dysmorphism
Review for gene: POLE2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported with homozygous splice site variant.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1914 FCHO1 Zornitza Stark gene: FCHO1 was added
gene: FCHO1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: FCHO1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FCHO1 were set to 32098969; 30822429
Phenotypes for gene: FCHO1 were set to Combined immunodeficiency; T cells: low, poor proliferation; B cells: normal number; Recurrent infections (viral, mycobacteria, bacterial, fungal); lymphoproliferation; Failure to thrive; Increased activation-induced T-cell death; Defective clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Review for gene: FCHO1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: More than 10 affected individuals with bi-allelic variants in this gene reported. Functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1913 REL Zornitza Stark gene: REL was added
gene: REL was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: REL was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: REL were set to 31103457
Phenotypes for gene: REL were set to Combined immunodeficiency; T cells: normal, decreased memory CD4, poor proliferation; B cells: low, mostly naive, few switched memory B cells, impaired proliferation; Recurrent infections with bacteria, mycobacteria, salmonella and opportunistic organisms; Defective innate immunity
Review for gene: REL was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual from consanguineous family reported with homozygous canonical splice site variant, no functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1908 TET2 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: No evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association. Somatic TET2 variants are commonly found in cancers. One Finnish family reported where germline variant present 7 individuals, of whom 3 had lymphoma.; to: No evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association. Somatic TET2 variants are commonly found in cancers. One Finnish family reported where germline variant present 7 individuals, of whom 3 had lymphoma. Another French family reported with three sibs: frameshift variant and myeloid malignancies. Contribution of germline variants to malignancy risk to be established.
Mendeliome v0.1908 TET2 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: No evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association. Somatic TET2 variants are commonly found in cancers.; to: No evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association. Somatic TET2 variants are commonly found in cancers. One Finnish family reported where germline variant present 7 individuals, of whom 3 had lymphoma.
Mendeliome v0.1908 TET2 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: No evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.; to: No evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association. Somatic TET2 variants are commonly found in cancers.
Mendeliome v0.1907 RELA Zornitza Stark gene: RELA was added
gene: RELA was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: RELA was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: RELA were set to 28600438; 29305315
Phenotypes for gene: RELA were set to Mucocutaneous ulceration, chronic, MIM# 618287; Impaired NFkB activation; reduced production of inflammatory cytokines; autoimmune cytopaenias
Review for gene: RELA was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two families reported, somewhat different phenotypes.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1905 RELB Zornitza Stark gene: RELB was added
gene: RELB was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: RELB was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RELB were set to 7834753; 26385063
Phenotypes for gene: RELB were set to Immunodeficiency 53, MIM# 617585; T cells: normal number, poor diversity, poor function; recurrent infections
Review for gene: RELB was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family reported, functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1901 NSMCE2 Tiong Tan Added comment: Comment on list classification: Two unrelated women with good functional evidence; but no additional cases since 2014
Mendeliome v0.1900 NSMCE2 Tiong Tan gene: NSMCE2 was added
gene: NSMCE2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NSMCE2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NSMCE2 were set to 25105364
Phenotypes for gene: NSMCE2 were set to SECKEL SYNDROME 10
Penetrance for gene: NSMCE2 were set to Complete
Review for gene: NSMCE2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Biallelic hypomorphic variants in two unrelated women with microcephalic primordial dwarfism, insulin-resistant diabetes, fatty liver, and hypertriglyceridemia developing in childhood; and primary gonadal failure. Good quality functional evidence. No additional confirmatory cases since 2014 publication
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1897 TRPA1 Zornitza Stark gene: TRPA1 was added
gene: TRPA1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRPA1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: TRPA1 were set to 20547126; 16564016; 21468319; 28314413; 24778270; 24564660; 20718100
Phenotypes for gene: TRPA1 were set to Episodic pain syndrome, familial, 1, MIM# 615040
Review for gene: TRPA1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family and a lot of functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1896 PLEKHA5 Tiong Tan gene: PLEKHA5 was added
gene: PLEKHA5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PLEKHA5 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PLEKHA5 were set to 29805042
Phenotypes for gene: PLEKHA5 were set to cleft lip; cleft palate
Penetrance for gene: PLEKHA5 were set to Complete
Review for gene: PLEKHA5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1894 CNKSR1 Zornitza Stark gene: CNKSR1 was added
gene: CNKSR1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: CNKSR1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CNKSR1 were set to 30450701; 30237576; 21937992
Phenotypes for gene: CNKSR1 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: CNKSR1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Three families reported, two as part of large cohorts reporting multiple novel genes. Note the family reported in PMID 30450701 appears to be the same family as reported in PMID 21937992. Some functional data in PMID 30450701, including Drosophila model.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.1892 FRMD4A Zornitza Stark gene: FRMD4A was added
gene: FRMD4A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: FRMD4A was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FRMD4A were set to 25388005; 30214071
Phenotypes for gene: FRMD4A were set to Intellectual disability; microcephaly; Corpus callosum, agenesis of, with facial anomalies and cerebellar ataxia, MIM# 616819
Review for gene: FRMD4A was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single Bedouin Israeli family reported with homozygous variant initially. Good segregation data. No functional data. Another family reported as part of a large consanguineous microcephaly cohort, different variant.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.1890 NEK10 Zornitza Stark gene: NEK10 was added
gene: NEK10 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: NEK10 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NEK10 were set to 31959991
Phenotypes for gene: NEK10 were set to Primary ciliary dyskinesia; bronchiectasis
Review for gene: NEK10 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Nine individuals from 5 unrelated families, some functional data.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1888 PIGK Zornitza Stark gene: PIGK was added
gene: PIGK was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PIGK was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PIGK were set to 32220290
Phenotypes for gene: PIGK were set to Intellectual disability; seizures; cerebellar atrophy
Review for gene: PIGK was set to GREEN
Added comment: 12 individuals from 9 unrelated families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1886 ADARB1 Zornitza Stark gene: ADARB1 was added
gene: ADARB1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ADARB1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ADARB1 were set to 32220291
Phenotypes for gene: ADARB1 were set to Intellectual disability; microcephaly; seizures
Review for gene: ADARB1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated individuals with bi-allelic variants in this gene.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1876 DRP2 Zornitza Stark gene: DRP2 was added
gene: DRP2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: DRP2 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Publications for gene: DRP2 were set to 26227883; 11430802; 31217940; 22764250; 29473052
Phenotypes for gene: DRP2 were set to Charcot Marie Tooth, intermediate X-linked; HMSN
Review for gene: DRP2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families, functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1874 DGAT2 Zornitza Stark gene: DGAT2 was added
gene: DGAT2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: DGAT2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: DGAT2 were set to 26786738
Phenotypes for gene: DGAT2 were set to axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Review for gene: DGAT2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family (father and son) reported, with supporting in vitro functional assays and a zebrafish model.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.1872 ERLIN1 Bryony Thompson gene: ERLIN1 was added
gene: ERLIN1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ERLIN1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ERLIN1 were set to 24482476
Phenotypes for gene: ERLIN1 were set to Spastic paraplegia 62 MIM#615681
Review for gene: ERLIN1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated consanguineous families with early onset pure HSP.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1871 BTBD7 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Agreed, no evidence currently for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.1870 NOS1AP Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Agreed, cannot find evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.1857 CHD3 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Over 30 unrelated individuals reported.
Mendeliome v0.1850 FBN2 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: The gene-disease association with Contractual arachnodactyly is extremely well established. The gene-disease association with macular degeneration much less so. There are ~4 families reported in the literature, and some discussion about whether the contribution of rare FBN2 variants in this context are under a 'monogenic' or 'polygenic' model.
Mendeliome v0.1845 AGTPBP1 Zornitza Stark gene: AGTPBP1 was added
gene: AGTPBP1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: AGTPBP1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: AGTPBP1 were set to 30420557
Phenotypes for gene: AGTPBP1 were set to Early onset cerebellar atrophy, developmental delay, and feeding and respiratory difficulties, severe motor neuronopathy; Neurodegeneration, childhood-onset, with cerebellar atrophy, 618276
Review for gene: AGTPBP1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Thirteen individuals with bi-allelic variants in this gene, complex neurological phenotype of dev delay/ID, cerebellar atrophy and neuropathy, severe progressive course in six.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1842 ADGRG6 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: ADGRG6: Added comment: Three families reported originally with severe prenatal-onset arthrogryposis (PMID: 26004201), one family with more complex neurological phenotype (PMID:30549416).; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 30549416, 26004201; Changed phenotypes: Lethal congenital contracture syndrome 9, OMIM #616503; Changed mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.1841 EIF2AK2 Zornitza Stark gene: EIF2AK2 was added
gene: EIF2AK2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: EIF2AK2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: EIF2AK2 were set to 32197074
Phenotypes for gene: EIF2AK2 were set to Intellectual disability; white matter abnormalities; ataxia; regression with febrile illness
Review for gene: EIF2AK2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Eight individuals with de novo variants and complex neurodevelopmental phenotype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1840 EIF2AK1 Zornitza Stark gene: EIF2AK1 was added
gene: EIF2AK1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: EIF2AK1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: EIF2AK1 were set to 32197074
Phenotypes for gene: EIF2AK1 were set to Intellectual disability; white matter abnormalities
Review for gene: EIF2AK1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported with de novo variant in this gene.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1838 NOVA2 Zornitza Stark gene: NOVA2 was added
gene: NOVA2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NOVA2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NOVA2 were set to 32197073
Phenotypes for gene: NOVA2 were set to Intellectual disability; autism; hypotonia; spasticity; ataxia
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: NOVA2 was set to Other
Review for gene: NOVA2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Six individuals with de novo frameshift variants resulting in C-terminal extension suggesting partial LoF as mechanism.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1836 GNB2 Sue White gene: GNB2 was added
gene: GNB2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GNB2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: GNB2 were set to 31698099
Phenotypes for gene: GNB2 were set to intellectual disability; dysmorphic features
Penetrance for gene: GNB2 were set to Complete
Review for gene: GNB2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: single report of patient with de novo missense variant in GNB2 and intellectual disability. Emerging evidence of other de no missense variants in GNB2 and ID
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1834 NRROS Sue White gene: NRROS was added
gene: NRROS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NRROS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NRROS were set to 32100099; 32197075
Phenotypes for gene: NRROS were set to neurodegeneration; intracranial calcification; epilepsy
Penetrance for gene: NRROS were set to Complete
Review for gene: NRROS was set to GREEN
Added comment: normal development or mild developmental delay until onset of regression around age of 1 concurrent with epilepsy
biallelic LOF mutations with functional evidence of pathogenicity
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1827 HTR3C Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Agree no evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association currently.
Mendeliome v0.1823 SLC25A21 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC25A21 was added
gene: SLC25A21 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC25A21 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC25A21 were set to 29517768
Phenotypes for gene: SLC25A21 were set to Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome-18, MIM#618811
Review for gene: SLC25A21 was set to AMBER
Added comment: One case with a homozygous variant and functional assays showing mitochondrial dysfunction.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1821 SLC25A10 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC25A10 was added
gene: SLC25A10 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC25A10 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC25A10 were set to 29211846
Phenotypes for gene: SLC25A10 were set to Intractable epileptic encephalopathy
Review for gene: SLC25A10 was set to AMBER
Added comment: One case with intractable epileptic encephalopathy with complex I deficiency, with biallelic variants. Yeast SLC25A10 ortholog lack-of-function causes impairment in mitochondrial respiration, reduced mtDNA copy number and oxidative stress vulnerability.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1815 PTCD3 Zornitza Stark gene: PTCD3 was added
gene: PTCD3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: PTCD3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PTCD3 were set to 30607703; 19427859
Phenotypes for gene: PTCD3 were set to Intellectual disability; optic atrophy; Leigh-like syndrome
Review for gene: PTCD3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: One compound heterozygote case and functional assays. Essential subunit of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1814 PTCD1 Zornitza Stark gene: PTCD1 was added
gene: PTCD1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: PTCD1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PTCD1 were set to 25058219
Phenotypes for gene: PTCD1 were set to Cardiomyopathy
Review for gene: PTCD1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single case reported with no functional characterisation. Biochemical analyses of heart tissue identified global COX defect. No OMIM phenotype.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1809 OXA1L Zornitza Stark gene: OXA1L was added
gene: OXA1L was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: OXA1L was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: OXA1L were set to 30201738; 16435202
Phenotypes for gene: OXA1L were set to Encephalopathy; hypotonia; developmental delay
Review for gene: OXA1L was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family reported with biochemical and molecular analyses of patient skeletal muscle and fibroblasts. In vitro functional assays in human cell lines, Drosophila model, and yeast-based assays. Loss of function affects oxidative phosphorylation complexes IV and V.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1807 NSUN3 Zornitza Stark gene: NSUN3 was added
gene: NSUN3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: NSUN3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NSUN3 were set to 27356879
Phenotypes for gene: NSUN3 were set to combined mitochondrial respiratory chain complex deficiency
Review for gene: NSUN3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A single compound heterozygous case. Patient-derived fibroblasts exhibited severe defects in mitochondrial translation that can be rescued by exogenous expression of NSun3. In vitro functional assays also conducted.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1805 NDUFB10 Zornitza Stark gene: NDUFB10 was added
gene: NDUFB10 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: NDUFB10 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NDUFB10 were set to 28040730; 32025618
Phenotypes for gene: NDUFB10 were set to fatal infantile lactic acidosis; cardiomyopathy
Review for gene: NDUFB10 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single compound heterozygote case and mitochondrial phenotype. Assays of respiratory chain enzyme activities and functions in patient tissues/fibroblasts and in vitro functional assays. Plant model system supporting mitochondrial complex I dysfunction.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1803 NDUFA4 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Single family and a lot of functional data. Encodes a complex IV subunit.; to: Single family and a lot of functional data. Unpublished data on another family. Encodes a complex IV subunit.
Mendeliome v0.1801 MRM2 Zornitza Stark gene: MRM2 was added
gene: MRM2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: MRM2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MRM2 were set to 28973171
Phenotypes for gene: MRM2 were set to MELAS-like
Review for gene: MRM2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single individual reported plus functional data. MRM2 encodes an enzyme responsible for 2'-O-methyl modification at position U1369 in the human mitochondrial 16S rRNA.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1799 MRPL3 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: 1 French family with 4 sibs with severe mitochondrial disorder - compound heterozygous mutations in the MRPL3 gene, no functional studies. 1 male infant with a severe mitochondrial disorder - compound heterozygous mutations in the MRPL3 gene, no functional studies.; to: 1 French family with 4 sibs with severe mitochondrial disorder - compound heterozygous mutations in the MRPL3 gene, some functional studies. 1 male infant with a severe mitochondrial disorder - compound heterozygous mutations in the MRPL3 gene, no functional studies.
Mendeliome v0.1798 IDH3A Zornitza Stark gene: IDH3A was added
gene: IDH3A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: IDH3A was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IDH3A were set to 31012789; 30478029; 30058936; 28412069
Phenotypes for gene: IDH3A were set to Retinitis pigmentosa
Review for gene: IDH3A was set to GREEN
Added comment: Six unrelated families reported with retinitis pigmentosa. Mouse model.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1797 GATC Zornitza Stark gene: GATC was added
gene: GATC was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: GATC was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GATC were set to 30283131
Phenotypes for gene: GATC were set to Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy
Review for gene: GATC was set to RED
Added comment: Two families with 6 affected individuals reported; same homozygous variant.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1796 GATB Zornitza Stark gene: GATB was added
gene: GATB was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: GATB was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GATB were set to 30283131
Phenotypes for gene: GATB were set to Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy
Review for gene: GATB was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported with two affected siblings
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1795 FECH Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Evidence for dominant disease is limited. Please note there is a common, hypomorphic deep intronic variant, IVS3-48T-C, as well as an exon 10 deletion reported.
Mendeliome v0.1792 ADAM17 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Two families and a mouse model.
Mendeliome v0.1788 ZNF462 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterised by variable but usually mild global developmental delay and common craniofacial abnormalities, including ptosis, abnormal head shape, downslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, arched eyebrows, and short upturned nose. Many patients have hypotonia and feeding difficulties. A few patients show agenesis of the corpus callosum on brain imaging. Most cases occur sporadically, but there are rare familial cases that show highly variable expressivity in the phenotypic manifestations.
Mendeliome v0.1781 TFAM Zornitza Stark gene: TFAM was added
gene: TFAM was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: TFAM was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TFAM were set to 27448789; 29021295; 9500544
Phenotypes for gene: TFAM were set to Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 15 (hepatocerebral type) MIM#617156
Review for gene: TFAM was set to AMBER
Added comment: One consanguineous family segregates a homozygous variant. Tfam knockout mouse has a mitochondrial cardiomyopathy phenotype and severe mtDNA depletion with abolished oxidative phosphorylation.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1779 TIMM22 Zornitza Stark gene: TIMM22 was added
gene: TIMM22 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: TIMM22 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TIMM22 were set to 30452684
Phenotypes for gene: TIMM22 were set to mitochondrial myopathy; hypotonia; gastroesophageal reflux disease
Review for gene: TIMM22 was set to AMBER
Added comment: One compound heterozygote case identified with supporting in vitro and patient cell functional assays.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1777 TIMMDC1 Zornitza Stark gene: TIMMDC1 was added
gene: TIMMDC1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: TIMMDC1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TIMMDC1 were set to 28604674; 30981218
Phenotypes for gene: TIMMDC1 were set to Mitochondrial complex I deficiency, nuclear type 31 MIM#618251
Review for gene: TIMMDC1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: A deep intronic variant (c.597-1340A>G, only detectable by WGS) that causes a splicing aberration was identified in a homozygous state in 3 unrelated cases from different ethnic backgrounds. A patient with Leigh-like syndrome had a homozygous stopgain variant in PDHX and a homozygous stopgain variant in TIMMDC1 (p.Arg225*). The TIMMDC1 mutant protein could still rescue complex I assembly in TIMMDC1 knockout cells and the patient’s clinical phenotype was not clearly distinct from that of other patients with the same PDHX defect.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1775 TMEM65 Zornitza Stark gene: TMEM65 was added
gene: TMEM65 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: TMEM65 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TMEM65 were set to 28295037
Phenotypes for gene: TMEM65 were set to Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy
Review for gene: TMEM65 was set to AMBER
Added comment: One homozygous case with a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy and functional assays showing the protein is important for mitochondrial respiration and mtDNA copy number maintenance.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1773 SSBP1 Bryony Thompson gene: SSBP1 was added
gene: SSBP1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: SSBP1 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SSBP1 were set to 31298765; 31479473; 31550237; 31550240
Phenotypes for gene: SSBP1 were set to Optic atrophy with or without extraocular phenotypes
Review for gene: SSBP1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: At least 9 dominant families/cases and 1 recessive with optic atrophy with/without additional clinical features, including retinal macular dystrophy, sensorineural deafness, mitochondrial myopathy, and kidney failure. Supporting evidence in functional assays and zebrafish model.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1771 COX6A2 Zornitza Stark gene: COX6A2 was added
gene: COX6A2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: COX6A2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: COX6A2 were set to 31155743; 23460811
Phenotypes for gene: COX6A2 were set to Mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, MIM# 220110
Review for gene: COX6A2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families and two mouse models.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1769 YME1L1 Zornitza Stark gene: YME1L1 was added
gene: YME1L1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: YME1L1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: YME1L1 were set to 30544562; 27495975
Phenotypes for gene: YME1L1 were set to Optic atrophy 11, MIM#617302
Review for gene: YME1L1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: One consanguineous family with a homozygous variant and functional assays. YME1L leads to mitochondrial fragmentation and severely disorganized and attenuated cristae architecture in in vitro functional assays.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1766 ANXA11 Bryony Thompson gene: ANXA11 was added
gene: ANXA11 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ANXA11 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ANXA11 were set to 28469040; 29845112; 30109997
Phenotypes for gene: ANXA11 were set to Amytrophic lateral sclerosis 23 MIM#617839
Review for gene: ANXA11 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 4 different missense variants in 10 patients from 7 unrelated families with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and functional assays supporting association.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1744 SLC25A32 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC25A32 was added
gene: SLC25A32 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC25A32 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC25A32 were set to 26933868; 28443623
Phenotypes for gene: SLC25A32 were set to Exercise intolerance, riboflavin-responsive, MIM# 616839
Review for gene: SLC25A32 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported with functional data. Muscle biopsy showed ragged-red fibers and lipid storage mainly in type I oxidative fibers, small type II fibers, and poor immunostaining for succinate dehydrogenase (FAD-dependent mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II). Oral supplementation with riboflavin led to dramatic improvement in the clinical and biologic abnormalities.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1727 NADK2 Zornitza Stark gene: NADK2 was added
gene: NADK2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: NADK2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NADK2 were set to 24847004; 29388319; 27940755
Phenotypes for gene: NADK2 were set to 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase deficiency, MIM# 616034
Review for gene: NADK2 was set to GREEN
gene: NADK2 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in severe neurologic and metabolic dysfunction beginning in early infancy reported in two individuals with confirmed variants in this gene. Another individual with homozygous hypomorphic start loss variant g.36241900 A>G p. Met1Val and milder phenotype reported (PMID:29388319).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1725 ISCA1 Zornitza Stark gene: ISCA1 was added
gene: ISCA1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ISCA1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ISCA1 were set to 28356563; 32092383; 31016283; 30113620; 30105122
Phenotypes for gene: ISCA1 were set to Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome 5, MIM# 617613
Review for gene: ISCA1 was set to GREEN
gene: ISCA1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Multiple unrelated families reported. Severe disorder characterised by progressive neurologic deterioration beginning in early infancy. Affected individuals have essentially no psychomotor development and have early-onset seizures with neurologic decline and spasticity. Brain imaging shows severe leukodystrophy with evidence of dys- or delayed myelination. Rat model results in early lethality. Founder variant c.259G > A, p.(Glu87Lys) reported in Indian families.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1714 CTNNB1 Teresa Zhao changed review comment from: OMIM:
LoF - mainly non cancerous phenotypes, and
GoF - mainly cancer phenotypes.

Cancer hot spot in exon 3, mainly missenses affecting S33, S37, S45, T41, D32 and G34 (Gao. C. et al. 2017); to: OMIM:
LoF - mainly non cancerous phenotypes, and
GoF - mainly cancer phenotypes.

Cancer hot spot in exon 3, mainly missenses affecting S33, S37, S45, T41, D32 and G34 (Gao. C. et al. 2017)
Mendeliome v0.1706 SEMA6B Zornitza Stark gene: SEMA6B was added
gene: SEMA6B was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SEMA6B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SEMA6B were set to 32169168
Phenotypes for gene: SEMA6B were set to Progressive myoclonic epilepsy
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: SEMA6B was set to Other
Review for gene: SEMA6B was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five individuals from unrelated families reported with de novo variants in the last exon, escaping NMD.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1703 IFT74 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: IFT74: Added comment: Second individual with bi-allelic variants and BBS phenotype reported.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 27486776, 32144365
Mendeliome v0.1699 TNNI3K Zornitza Stark gene: TNNI3K was added
gene: TNNI3K was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TNNI3K was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: TNNI3K were set to 30010057; 29355681
Phenotypes for gene: TNNI3K were set to Cardiac conduction disease with or without dilated cardiomyopathy, MIM# 616117
Review for gene: TNNI3K was set to GREEN
gene: TNNI3K was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: At least 6 multigenerational families reported where variants segregated with disease.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1692 PPM1E Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Agreed, cannot find evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.1690 SUPT16H Zornitza Stark gene: SUPT16H was added
gene: SUPT16H was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SUPT16H was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SUPT16H were set to 31924697
Phenotypes for gene: SUPT16H were set to Intellectual disability; Abnormality of the corpus callosum
Review for gene: SUPT16H was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated individuals with de novo missense variants in this gene. Publication also reports on a deletion, but note this includes other genes and the individual also had another CNV.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1685 CXorf56 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: CXorf56: Added comment: Additional 3 families reported, upgrade to Green.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 29374277, 31822863; Changed phenotypes: Mental retardation, X-linked 107, MIM# 301013
Mendeliome v0.1684 TNR Zornitza Stark gene: TNR was added
gene: TNR was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TNR was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TNR were set to 32099069
Phenotypes for gene: TNR were set to Spastic para- or tetraparesis; Axial muscular hypotonia; Intellectual disability; Transient opisthotonus
Review for gene: TNR was set to GREEN
Added comment: 13 individuals from 8 unrelated families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1673 KANK1 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Comment on list classification: Amber for nephrotic after discussion with Chirag Patel.; to: Comment on list classification: Red for nephrotic after discussion with Chirag Patel.
Mendeliome v0.1659 MED12L Zornitza Stark gene: MED12L was added
gene: MED12L was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MED12L was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MED12L were set to 31155615
Phenotypes for gene: MED12L were set to Intellectual disability; Seizures; Autism
Review for gene: MED12L was set to GREEN
Added comment: 7 individuals reported, 3 with CNVs (encompassing other genes) and 4 with SNVs (frameshift, nonsense and splice site).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1657 MCM3AP Zornitza Stark gene: MCM3AP was added
gene: MCM3AP was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MCM3AP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MCM3AP were set to 24123876; 28633435; 28969388; 29982295
Phenotypes for gene: MCM3AP were set to Peripheral neuropathy, autosomal recessive, with or without impaired intellectual development, MIM#618124
Review for gene: MCM3AP was set to GREEN
gene: MCM3AP was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: At least 10 families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1656 MAPRE2 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: MAPRE2 were changed from to Symmetric circumferential skin creases, congenital, 2, MIM# 616734
Mendeliome v0.1653 MAPRE2 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: MAPRE2: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 26637975; Phenotypes: Symmetric circumferential skin creases, congenital, 2, MIM# 616734; Mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.1636 NUDT2 Zornitza Stark gene: NUDT2 was added
gene: NUDT2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: NUDT2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NUDT2 were set to 27431290; 30059600
Phenotypes for gene: NUDT2 were set to Muscular hypotonia; Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability
Review for gene: NUDT2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: 7 affected individuals from 4 Saudi families, with same homozygous truncating variant.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1634 NKAP Zornitza Stark gene: NKAP was added
gene: NKAP was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: NKAP was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NKAP were set to 26358559; 26350204; 31587868
Phenotypes for gene: NKAP were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: NKAP was set to GREEN
gene: NKAP was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 10 males from 8 unrelated families with missense mutations in NKAP (on Xq24) Hypotonia and tall stature with Marfanoid habitus was predominant phenotype. One variant (NM_024528:c.988G>A / p.Arg333Gln)
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1562 SPOP Zornitza Stark gene: SPOP was added
gene: SPOP was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SPOP was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SPOP were set to 32109420
Phenotypes for gene: SPOP were set to Intellectual disability; dysmorphism; microcephaly; macrocephaly
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: SPOP was set to Other
Review for gene: SPOP was set to GREEN
Added comment: Seven individuals reported with de novo missense variants in this gene. Gain-of-function variants associated with microcephaly whereas dominant-negative variants associated with macrocephaly.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1553 TMEM94 Zornitza Stark gene: TMEM94 was added
gene: TMEM94 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TMEM94 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TMEM94 were set to 30526868
Phenotypes for gene: TMEM94 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder with cardiac defects and dysmorphic facies, MIM#618316
Review for gene: TMEM94 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 10 individuals from 6 unrelated families.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1505 SLC52A1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Essentially only one family.
Mendeliome v0.1496 ZNF592 Chern Lim changed review comment from: No patients reported with ZNF592 variant that is clearly disease causing.

A 2010 paper published a biallelic missense variant segregating in one family with non-progressive, autosomal recessive, congenital cerebellar ataxia; however functional data not strongly supportive of pathogenicity (PMID: 20531441). Same authors later identified a homozygous WDR73 variant in that family which explains the phenotype (PMID: 26123727).; to: No patients reported with ZNF592 variant that is clearly disease causing.

A 2010 paper published a biallelic missense variant segregating in one family with non-progressive, autosomal recessive, congenital cerebellar ataxia; however functional data not strongly conclusive for pathogenicity (PMID: 20531441). Same authors later identified a homozygous WDR73 variant in that family which explains the phenotype (PMID: 26123727).
Mendeliome v0.1487 CYP21A2 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Beware pseudogene and structural variants make NGS data difficult to interpret.
Mendeliome v0.1479 FMO3 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Comment when marking as ready: Inborn error of metabolism accompanied by fish-like body odor resulting from deficiency of dimethylglycine dehydrogenase; to: Comment when marking as ready: Inborn error of metabolism accompanied by fish-like body odour resulting from deficiency of dimethylglycine dehydrogenase
Mendeliome v0.1479 FMO3 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Inborn error of metabolism accompanied by fish-like body odor resulting from deficiency of dimethylglycine dehydrogenase
Mendeliome v0.1473 CEP135 Elena Savva Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.1473 CEP135 Elena Savva changed review comment from: Microcephalic primordial dwarfism - single case

Incomplete NMD shown, LOF mechanism; to: Microcephalic primordial dwarfism - single case

Incomplete NMD shown, LOF mechanism
Mendeliome v0.1473 CEP85L Zornitza Stark gene: CEP85L was added
gene: CEP85L was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CEP85L was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CEP85L were set to 32097630
Phenotypes for gene: CEP85L were set to Lissencephaly, posterior predominant
Review for gene: CEP85L was set to GREEN
Added comment: Thirteen individuals reported with mono allelic variants in this gene, inherited in two of the families. Mouse model had neuronal migration defects.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1471 COX4I2 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: COX4I2: Added comment: Glu138Lys present in 3 homozygotes in gnomad, wich is out of keeping for this rare metabolic disorder. Note no other variants reported in this gene since original report in 2009. All variants submitted to ClinVar are VOUS/LB/B.; Changed rating: RED
Mendeliome v0.1443 ARSG Zornitza Stark gene: ARSG was added
gene: ARSG was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ARSG was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ARSG were set to 29300381; 20679209; 25452429; 26975023
Phenotypes for gene: ARSG were set to Usher syndrome, type IV, MIM# 618144
Review for gene: ARSG was set to RED
Added comment: Atypical late-onset RP/HL phenotype described in 5 individuals from three Yemenite Jewish families. Same homozygous missense variant identified in all, founder effect. Animal models associated with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1438 MYL1 Bryony Thompson gene: MYL1 was added
gene: MYL1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: MYL1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MYL1 were set to 30215711
Phenotypes for gene: MYL1 were set to Myopathy, congenital, with fast-twitch (type II) fiber atrophy MIM#618414
Review for gene: MYL1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two probands with congenital myopathy and a zebrafish model. Probably need one more family to push it over the line.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1437 FXR1 Bryony Thompson Added comment: Comment on list classification: Only two families, but a lot of functional supporting evidence including a mouse model. Pathogenic variants likely to be found in exon 15 of the skeletal muscle isoform, specifically.
Mendeliome v0.1436 FXR1 Bryony Thompson gene: FXR1 was added
gene: FXR1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: FXR1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FXR1 were set to 30770808
Phenotypes for gene: FXR1 were set to Congenital multi-minicore myopathy
Review for gene: FXR1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families and a mouse model with non-lethal myopathy phenotype.
Sources: NHS GMS
Mendeliome v0.1435 WDR81 Kristin Rigbye changed review comment from: A homozygous and compound heterozygous nonsense and missense variants reported. Variants shown to result in a loss of function (PMID: 28969387).; to: Homozygous and compound heterozygous nonsense and missense variants reported. Variants shown to result in a loss of function (PMID: 28969387).
Mendeliome v0.1435 WDR81 Kristin Rigbye changed review comment from: A few homozygous families reported to date. Variants are expected to results in a loss of function, although functional studies have not been performed.; to: A homozygous and compound heterozygous nonsense and missense variants reported. Variants shown to result in a loss of function (PMID: 28969387).
Mendeliome v0.1418 SYNE1 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: SYNE1: Added comment: Well established gene-disease association with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (AD), and with recessive ataxia.
Distal arthrogryposis: three families reported with bi-allelic distal truncating variants in the KASH domain. This appears to be a specific genotype-phenotype correlation.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 23352163, 27782104; Changed phenotypes: Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, myogenic type, MIM# 618484, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy 4, autosomal dominant, MIM# 612998, Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 8, MIM# 610743; Changed mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.1418 PNPT1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Those initially presenting with deafness may be at risk of progressive complex neurological course.
Mendeliome v0.1374 UGT1A4 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Agree, no evidence currently for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.1365 AKT1 Zornitza Stark Mode of pathogenicity for gene: AKT1 was changed from to Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments
Mendeliome v0.1357 AKT1 Elena Savva reviewed gene: AKT1: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments; Publications: PMID: 23246288; Phenotypes: Cowden syndrome 6, Proteus syndrome; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Mendeliome v0.1356 PTRHD1 Zornitza Stark gene: PTRHD1 was added
gene: PTRHD1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PTRHD1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PTRHD1 were set to 30398675; 27134041; 27753167; 29143421
Phenotypes for gene: PTRHD1 were set to Parkinsonism; Intellectual disability
Review for gene: PTRHD1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families reported: two with homozygous missense variants; and one with truncating variant. Affected individuals have juvenile-onset parkinsonism and ID.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1347 PLEKHG2 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: PLEKHG2: Added comment: Further family identified, promote to Amber.; Changed rating: AMBER; Changed publications: 26539891, 24001768, 26573021; Changed phenotypes: Leukodystrophy and acquired microcephaly with or without dystonia, MIM# 616763
Mendeliome v0.1346 PITRM1 Zornitza Stark gene: PITRM1 was added
gene: PITRM1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PITRM1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PITRM1 were set to 26697887; 29764912; 29383861
Phenotypes for gene: PITRM1 were set to Ataxia; Intellectual disability
Review for gene: PITRM1 was set to GREEN
gene: PITRM1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Three unrelated families reported with bi-allelic variants in this gene.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1344 CSGALNACT1 Tiong Tan gene: CSGALNACT1 was added
gene: CSGALNACT1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review,Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CSGALNACT1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: CSGALNACT1 were set to Congenital disorders of glycosylation; skeletal dysplasia; advanced bone age
Review for gene: CSGALNACT1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families and functional studies
Sources: Expert Review, Literature
Mendeliome v0.1339 TOR1AIP1 Bryony Thompson Added comment: Comment on list classification: Phenotype appears to be variable depending on which isoform is affected by the variants.
Mendeliome v0.1338 TOR1AIP1 Bryony Thompson gene: TOR1AIP1 was added
gene: TOR1AIP1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TOR1AIP1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TOR1AIP1 were set to 24856141; 31299614; 30723199; 27342937
Phenotypes for gene: TOR1AIP1 were set to Muscular dystrophy, autosomal recessive, with rigid spine and distal joint contractures MIM#617072
Review for gene: TOR1AIP1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: At least 5 families/cases reported with muscular dystrophy and sometimes cardiomyopathy.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1333 ELMO2 Zornitza Stark gene: ELMO2 was added
gene: ELMO2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ELMO2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ELMO2 were set to 27476657
Phenotypes for gene: ELMO2 were set to Vascular malformation, primary intraosseous, MIM#606893
Review for gene: ELMO2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1325 MAP3K20 Bryony Thompson gene: MAP3K20 was added
gene: MAP3K20 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MAP3K20 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MAP3K20 were set to 27816943; 26755636
Phenotypes for gene: MAP3K20 were set to Centronuclear myopathy 6 with fiber-type disproportion MIM#617760; Split-foot malformation with mesoaxial polydactyly MIM#616890
Review for gene: MAP3K20 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 3 unrelated consanguineous families homozygous for 3 different variants with centronuclear myopathy, and at least 2 families reported with split-foot malformation. Null mouse model is embryonic lethal due to severe cardiac edema and growth retardation. Gene alias of ZAK used in the published studies.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1289 AHI1 Elena Savva commented on gene: AHI1: Functional assays using zebrafish model support that the C-terminal SH3 domain is not required (PMID: 25616960)
Mendeliome v0.1273 GRIA1 Zornitza Stark gene: GRIA1 was added
gene: GRIA1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: GRIA1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: GRIA1 were set to 28628100; 23033978; 26350204; 24896178
Phenotypes for gene: GRIA1 were set to Intellectual disability; autism
Review for gene: GRIA1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Multiple affected individuals reported but in large ID cohorts reporting multiple candidate genes. Recurrent (p.A636T) variant.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1271 HDAC4 Zornitza Stark changed review comment from: Comment when marking as ready: Contradictory evidence: deletions linked to brachydactyly-MR but note some individuals reported without MR. Only reports of intragenic variants (still structural rather than SNVs).; to: Comment when marking as ready: Contradictory evidence: deletions linked to brachydactyly-MR but note some individuals reported without MR. Only two reports of intragenic variants (still structural rather than SNVs).
Mendeliome v0.1271 HDAC4 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Contradictory evidence: deletions linked to brachydactyly-MR but note some individuals reported without MR. Only reports of intragenic variants (still structural rather than SNVs).
Mendeliome v0.1258 TRAPPC4 Zornitza Stark gene: TRAPPC4 was added
gene: TRAPPC4 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRAPPC4 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TRAPPC4 were set to 31794024
Phenotypes for gene: TRAPPC4 were set to intellectual disability; epilepsy; spasticity; microcephaly
Review for gene: TRAPPC4 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Seven individuals from three unrelated families reported; recurrent splice site variant (hg19:chr11:g.118890966A>G; TRAPPC4: NM_016146.5; c.454+3A>G), not a founder variant.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.1256 SNX27 Zornitza Stark gene: SNX27 was added
gene: SNX27 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: SNX27 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SNX27 were set to 25894286; 31721175; 21300787; 23524343
Phenotypes for gene: SNX27 were set to intellectual disability; seizures
Review for gene: SNX27 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families and animal model.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.1254 NSF Zornitza Stark gene: NSF was added
gene: NSF was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NSF was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NSF were set to 31675180
Phenotypes for gene: NSF were set to Seizures; EEG with burst suppression; Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability
Review for gene: NSF was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two individuals reported with de novo missense variants in this gene.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1252 KAT8 Zornitza Stark gene: KAT8 was added
gene: KAT8 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KAT8 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: KAT8 were set to 31794431
Phenotypes for gene: KAT8 were set to Intellectual disability; seizures; autism; dysmorphic features
Review for gene: KAT8 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Eight unrelated individuals reported with de novo variants in this gene and a mouse model. All variants missense, in the chromobarrel domain or the acetyltransferase domain; three individuals had the same variant p.Tyr90Cys . One more individual reported with bi-allelic variants: one missense and one frameshift; carrier parents were normal suggesting that may be haploinsuffiency is not the mechanism.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1231 ACTB Sebastian Lunke Added comment: Comment on mode of pathogenicity: Both GoF and LoF described
Mendeliome v0.1226 GCKR Sebastian Lunke Added comment: Comment on mode of inheritance: Risk factor only
Mendeliome v0.1174 TKFC Zornitza Stark gene: TKFC was added
gene: TKFC was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TKFC was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TKFC were set to 32004446
Phenotypes for gene: TKFC were set to Developmental delay; cataracts; liver dysfunction
Review for gene: TKFC was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated individuals reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1172 RALGAPA1 Zornitza Stark gene: RALGAPA1 was added
gene: RALGAPA1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RALGAPA1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RALGAPA1 were set to 32004447
Phenotypes for gene: RALGAPA1 were set to Intellectual disability; hypotonia; infantile spasms.
Review for gene: RALGAPA1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated individuals reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1150 DLG4 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: DLG4: Added comment: Four unrelated individuals reported.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 27479843, 25123844, 19617690, 29460436, 23020937, 28135719; Changed phenotypes: Intellectual disability, Marfanoid habitus; Changed mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted; Set current diagnostic: yes
Mendeliome v0.1148 DIP2B Zornitza Stark Mode of pathogenicity for gene: DIP2B was changed from to Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments
Mendeliome v0.1145 DIP2B Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: DIP2B: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments; Publications: 17236128; Phenotypes: Mental retardation, FRA12A type, MIM# 136630; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.1144 DCPS Zornitza Stark gene: DCPS was added
gene: DCPS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: DCPS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DCPS were set to 25701870; 30289615; 25712129
Phenotypes for gene: DCPS were set to Al-Raqad syndrome, MIM#616459
Review for gene: DCPS was set to GREEN
gene: DCPS was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 7 individuals from 3 families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1142 CUX1 Zornitza Stark gene: CUX1 was added
gene: CUX1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CUX1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CUX1 were set to 25059644; 20510857; 30014507
Phenotypes for gene: CUX1 were set to Global developmental delay with or without impaired intellectual development, 618330
Review for gene: CUX1 was set to GREEN
gene: CUX1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Nine individuals from 7 families reported. Three individuals had normal intelligence at school age despite significant early developmental delay.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1124 SDR9C7 Zornitza Stark gene: SDR9C7 was added
gene: SDR9C7 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SDR9C7 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SDR9C7 were set to 28173123; 28369735
Phenotypes for gene: SDR9C7 were set to Ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 13 MIM#617574
Review for gene: SDR9C7 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three homozygous variants in 4 families with congenital ichthyosis.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1120 RBBP8 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Individuals from 3 families reported in the literature with bi-allelic variants in this gene: clinical diagnosis was Jawad syndrome in one, and Seckel syndrome in 2. ID is a reported feature. Additional variant in ClinVar, so overall rating Green.
Mendeliome v0.1100 CACNA2D3 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Agree no evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.1091 CASP14 Zornitza Stark gene: CASP14 was added
gene: CASP14 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: CASP14 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CASP14 were set to 27494380; 23014340; 17515931
Phenotypes for gene: CASP14 were set to Ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 12 MIM#617320
Review for gene: CASP14 was set to AMBER
Added comment: The same 2bp deletion was identified in 3 patients with a mild form of generalised ichthyosis from 2 Algerian families. Casp14-/- mouse models had prominent dermatological features.
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.1069 LIPE Kristin Rigbye gene: LIPE was added
gene: LIPE was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: LIPE was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LIPE were set to 27862896; 25475467; 24848981
Phenotypes for gene: LIPE were set to Lipodystrophy, familial partial, type 6, 615980
Review for gene: LIPE was set to GREEN
gene: LIPE was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: LIPE is confirmed to be associated with partial familial lipodystrophy in OMIM.
There are 3 unrelated cases of patients with partial lipodystrophy with different loss of function variants in the LIPE gene.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1054 SLC52A1 Kristin Rigbye Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.1054 PTCH2 Kristin Rigbye Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.1030 SLC52A1 Kristin Rigbye commented on gene: SLC52A1
Mendeliome v0.1030 PTCH2 Kristin Rigbye commented on gene: PTCH2
Mendeliome v0.1025 MYRF Zornitza Stark gene: MYRF was added
gene: MYRF was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MYRF was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MYRF were set to 31048900; 31172260; 31266062; 31700225
Phenotypes for gene: MYRF were set to Nanophthalmos; High hyperopia
Review for gene: MYRF was set to GREEN
gene: MYRF was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Multiple affected individuals reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.1023 FBXW11 Alison Yeung gene: FBXW11 was added
gene: FBXW11 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FBXW11 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: FBXW11 were set to PMID: 31402090
Phenotypes for gene: FBXW11 were set to Intellectual disability; developmental eye anomalies; digital anomalies
Review for gene: FBXW11 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Reported in >3 unrelated individuals
Functional studies in zebrafish
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1020 ANAPC1 Alison Yeung gene: ANAPC1 was added
gene: ANAPC1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ANAPC1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: ANAPC1 were set to PMID: 31303264
Phenotypes for gene: ANAPC1 were set to Rothmund Thomson syndrome type 1, OMIM 618625
Review for gene: ANAPC1 was set to GREEN
gene: ANAPC1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 7 unrelated families reported
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1018 RINT1 Alison Yeung gene: RINT1 was added
gene: RINT1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RINT1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RINT1 were set to PMID: 31204009
Phenotypes for gene: RINT1 were set to Recurrent acute liver failure
Review for gene: RINT1 was set to GREEN
gene: RINT1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: three unrelated individuals reported
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1016 MAB21L1 Sue White gene: MAB21L1 was added
gene: MAB21L1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MAB21L1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MAB21L1 were set to 30487245
Phenotypes for gene: MAB21L1 were set to Cerebellar, ocular, craniofacial, and genital syndrome #MIM 618479
Penetrance for gene: MAB21L1 were set to Complete
Review for gene: MAB21L1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.1001 ATP6V1C2 Zornitza Stark gene: ATP6V1C2 was added
gene: ATP6V1C2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATP6V1C2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ATP6V1C2 were set to 31959358
Phenotypes for gene: ATP6V1C2 were set to Distal renal tubular acidosis
Review for gene: ATP6V1C2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported, limited functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.992 HCN2 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: HCN2: Added comment: Further cases identified. Evidence for both mono-allelic and bi-allelic variants causing disease; also evidence for both GoF and LoF as mechanism.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 22131395, 30986657, 29064616, 20437590, 12514127, 17931874; Changed phenotypes: Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, Other seizure disorders; Changed mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Mendeliome v0.991 CTBP1 Zornitza Stark gene: CTBP1 was added
gene: CTBP1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CTBP1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CTBP1 were set to 27094857; 28955726; 31041561
Phenotypes for gene: CTBP1 were set to Hypotonia, ataxia, developmental delay, and tooth enamel defect syndrome, MIM#617915
Review for gene: CTBP1 was set to GREEN
gene: CTBP1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: At least 12 unrelated individuals reported with this neurodevelopmental disorder.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.989 AGO1 Zornitza Stark gene: AGO1 was added
gene: AGO1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: AGO1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: AGO1 were set to 30213762; 22495306; 23020937; 25363768; 25356899; 27620904; 29346770; 28135719
Phenotypes for gene: AGO1 were set to Intellectual disability; autism
Review for gene: AGO1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Multiple individuals reported with de novo variants in this gene, most as part of large ID cohorts so phenotypic information is scarce; however, given large number I have rated as Green.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.987 CNOT2 Sebastian Lunke gene: CNOT2 was added
gene: CNOT2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CNOT2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CNOT2 were set to 31512373; 31145527; 28135719
Phenotypes for gene: CNOT2 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder with nasal speech, dysmorphic facies, and variable skeletal anomalies 618608
Review for gene: CNOT2 was set to GREEN
gene: CNOT2 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: From GEL: Three independent patients with non-sense or intra-genic deletions
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.981 CCDC47 Sebastian Lunke gene: CCDC47 was added
gene: CCDC47 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CCDC47 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CCDC47 were set to 30401460
Phenotypes for gene: CCDC47 were set to Trichohepatoneurodevelopmental syndrome, 618268
Review for gene: CCDC47 was set to GREEN
gene: CCDC47 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: From GEL: Morimoto el al. (PMID: 30401460) report on 4 individuals from 4 unrelated families with biallelic LoF variants in CCDC47. The phenotype consisted of abnormal (woolly) hair, liver dysfunction, common facial features as well as DD/ID
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.975 IKZF5 Zornitza Stark gene: IKZF5 was added
gene: IKZF5 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: IKZF5 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: IKZF5 were set to 31217188
Phenotypes for gene: IKZF5 were set to Thrombocytopaenia
Review for gene: IKZF5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five unrelated individuals with missense variants in this gene. Two de novo, three segregated with disease
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.973 TTC12 Zornitza Stark gene: TTC12 was added
gene: TTC12 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TTC12 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TTC12 were set to 31978331
Phenotypes for gene: TTC12 were set to Ciliary dyskinesia
Review for gene: TTC12 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated families reported, LoF variants, respiratory phenotype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.959 PIGS Zornitza Stark gene: PIGS was added
gene: PIGS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: PIGS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PIGS were set to 30269814
Phenotypes for gene: PIGS were set to Glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 18 618143
Review for gene: PIGS was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families reported. Severe neurological phenotype ranging from fetal akinesia to ID/EE
Sources: Expert Review
Mendeliome v0.957 FUK Zornitza Stark gene: FUK was added
gene: FUK was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FUK was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FUK were set to 30503518
Phenotypes for gene: FUK were set to Congenital disorder of glycosylation with defective fucosylation 2, MIM# 618324
Review for gene: FUK was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated individuals reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.955 ZNF142 Zornitza Stark gene: ZNF142 was added
gene: ZNF142 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ZNF142 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ZNF142 were set to 31036918
Phenotypes for gene: ZNF142 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with impaired speech and hyperkinetic movements, MIM#618425
Review for gene: ZNF142 was set to GREEN
gene: ZNF142 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 7 individuals from 4 unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.953 RALA Zornitza Stark gene: RALA was added
gene: RALA was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: RALA was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: RALA were set to 30500825
Phenotypes for gene: RALA were set to Intellectual disability; Seizures
Review for gene: RALA was set to GREEN
gene: RALA was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 11 individuals from 10 unrelated families reported with this neurodevelopmental syndrome, half had seizures.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.951 NBEA Zornitza Stark gene: NBEA was added
gene: NBEA was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: NBEA was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NBEA were set to 30269351; 28554332; 12746398; 12826745; 11450821; 3377648; 23277425; 22109531; 23153818
Phenotypes for gene: NBEA were set to Intellectual disability; Seizures
Review for gene: NBEA was set to GREEN
gene: NBEA was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 24 de novo variants reported in individuals with a neurodevelopmental disorder
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.949 MACF1 Zornitza Stark gene: MACF1 was added
gene: MACF1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MACF1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MACF1 were set to 30471716
Phenotypes for gene: MACF1 were set to Lissencephaly 9 with complex brainstem malformation, MIM# 618325
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: MACF1 was set to Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments
Review for gene: MACF1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Nine individuals (including a pair of twins) reported with de novo variants in this gene.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.939 HNRNPR Zornitza Stark gene: HNRNPR was added
gene: HNRNPR was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: HNRNPR was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: HNRNPR were set to 26795593; 31079900
Phenotypes for gene: HNRNPR were set to Intellectual disability; seizures
Review for gene: HNRNPR was set to GREEN
gene: HNRNPR was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Five unrelated individuals reported with de novo variants and a neurodevelopmental disorder.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.914 RAB11A Zornitza Stark gene: RAB11A was added
gene: RAB11A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RAB11A was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: RAB11A were set to 29100083
Phenotypes for gene: RAB11A were set to Intellectual disability; seizures
Review for gene: RAB11A was set to AMBER
Added comment: Five individuals reported with DNMs and neurodevelopmental phenotypes as part of this paper; however, clinical details are sparse. Emerging gene, phenotype not yet clearly delineated.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.912 DHPS Zornitza Stark gene: DHPS was added
gene: DHPS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: DHPS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DHPS were set to 30661771
Phenotypes for gene: DHPS were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and speech and walking impairment, MIM#618480
Review for gene: DHPS was set to GREEN
gene: DHPS was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: 5 individuals from 4 unrelated families with biallelic pathogenic variants in DHPS, note one variant is recurrent (c.518A>G or p.Asn173Ser). The phenotype consisted of DD/ID (5/5), tone abnormalities (hypotonia/hypertonia/spasticity - 5/5), seizures (5/5 - in one case though unclear staring spells) with EEG abnormalities (5/5). Additionally most individuals displayed behavioral issues, or some common facial features
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.901 PIK3C2A Zornitza Stark gene: PIK3C2A was added
gene: PIK3C2A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PIK3C2A was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PIK3C2A were set to 31034465
Phenotypes for gene: PIK3C2A were set to Oculoskeletodental syndrome, MIM# 618440
Review for gene: PIK3C2A was set to GREEN
gene: PIK3C2A was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Three unrelated consanguineous families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.899 FGF16 Zornitza Stark gene: FGF16 was added
gene: FGF16 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: FGF16 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Phenotypes for gene: FGF16 were set to Metacarpal 4-5 fusion, MIM# 309630
Review for gene: FGF16 was set to GREEN
gene: FGF16 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.888 MTHFS Zornitza Stark gene: MTHFS was added
gene: MTHFS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MTHFS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MTHFS were set to 30031689; 31844630; 22303332
Phenotypes for gene: MTHFS were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, epilepsy, and hypomyelination, 618367
Review for gene: MTHFS was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated individuals reported with supporting biochemical evidence.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.876 CDH2 Zornitza Stark gene: CDH2 was added
gene: CDH2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CDH2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CDH2 were set to 31585109
Phenotypes for gene: CDH2 were set to Intellectual disability; corpus callosum abnormalities; congenital abnormalities
Review for gene: CDH2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Nine unrelated individuals reported with de novo variants in this gene.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.870 RPL13 Zornitza Stark gene: RPL13 was added
gene: RPL13 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RPL13 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: RPL13 were set to 31630789
Phenotypes for gene: RPL13 were set to Spondyloepimetaphyseal Dysplasia with Severe Short Stature
Review for gene: RPL13 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated individuals reported with de novo variants.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.869 FOXJ1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: FOXJ1 were changed from to hydrocephalus; chronic destructive airway disease; randomization of left/right body asymmetry
Mendeliome v0.866 FOXJ1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: FOXJ1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 31630787; Phenotypes: hydrocephalus, chronic destructive airway disease, randomization of left/right body asymmetry; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.865 TUBGCP2 Zornitza Stark gene: TUBGCP2 was added
gene: TUBGCP2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TUBGCP2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TUBGCP2 were set to 31630790
Phenotypes for gene: TUBGCP2 were set to Lissencephaly; pachygyria; subcortical band heterotopia; microcephaly; intellectual disability
Review for gene: TUBGCP2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.860 TP73 Alison Yeung gene: TP73 was added
gene: TP73 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TP73 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TP73 were set to PMID: 31130284
Phenotypes for gene: TP73 were set to Cortical malformation; Lissencephaly
Review for gene: TP73 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported. No functional data
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.858 SMG8 Alison Yeung gene: SMG8 was added
gene: SMG8 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SMG8 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SMG8 were set to PMID: 31130284
Phenotypes for gene: SMG8 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: SMG8 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported. No functional data
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.856 IQSEC3 Alison Yeung gene: IQSEC3 was added
gene: IQSEC3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: IQSEC3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IQSEC3 were set to PMID: 31130284
Phenotypes for gene: IQSEC3 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: IQSEC3 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported, no functional data
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.854 ICE1 Alison Yeung gene: ICE1 was added
gene: ICE1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ICE1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ICE1 were set to PMID: 31130284
Phenotypes for gene: ICE1 were set to Intellectual disability, cerebral atrophy
Review for gene: ICE1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported, no functional data
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.852 EIF2A Alison Yeung gene: EIF2A was added
gene: EIF2A was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: EIF2A was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: EIF2A were set to PMID: 31130284
Phenotypes for gene: EIF2A were set to Intellectual disability, epilepsy
Review for gene: EIF2A was set to AMBER
Added comment: reported in two unrelated families
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.844 KCNN3 Alison Yeung gene: KCNN3 was added
gene: KCNN3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KCNN3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: KCNN3 were set to PMID: 31155282
Phenotypes for gene: KCNN3 were set to Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 3; OMIM# 618658
Review for gene: KCNN3 was set to GREEN
gene: KCNN3 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Three unrelated individuals reported
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.839 ADCY8 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Cannot find evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.837 CNOT1 Alison Yeung gene: CNOT1 was added
gene: CNOT1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CNOT1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: CNOT1 were set to PMID: 31006513
Phenotypes for gene: CNOT1 were set to Holoprosencephaly 12, with or without pancreatic agenesis; OMIM# 618500
Review for gene: CNOT1 was set to GREEN
gene: CNOT1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Reported in 3 unrelated individuals
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.835 IQSEC1 Zornitza Stark gene: IQSEC1 was added
gene: IQSEC1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: IQSEC1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IQSEC1 were set to 31607425
Phenotypes for gene: IQSEC1 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder with short stature and behavioral abnormalities, MIM# 618687
Review for gene: IQSEC1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five individuals from two unrelated families reported, animal model data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.833 ACAN Zornitza Stark gene: ACAN was added
gene: ACAN was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ACAN was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: ACAN were set to Short stature and advanced bone age, with or without early-onset osteoarthritis and/or osteochondritis dissecans, OMIM# 165800; Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, aggrecan type 612813
Review for gene: ACAN was set to GREEN
Added comment: Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.831 NKX2-2 Zornitza Stark gene: NKX2-2 was added
gene: NKX2-2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: NKX2-2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NKX2-2 were set to 24411943; 9584121
Phenotypes for gene: NKX2-2 were set to Syndromic neonatal diabetes, with severe developmental delay, hypotonia, cortical blindness, hearing impairment
Review for gene: NKX2-2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.828 LEMD2 Alison Yeung gene: LEMD2 was added
gene: LEMD2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: LEMD2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: LEMD2 were set to PMID: 30905398
Phenotypes for gene: LEMD2 were set to progeroid disorder
Review for gene: LEMD2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: two reported unrelated individuals, limited functional evidence
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.822 FAM149B1 Alison Yeung gene: FAM149B1 was added
gene: FAM149B1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FAM149B1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FAM149B1 were set to PMID: 30905400
Phenotypes for gene: FAM149B1 were set to Joubert; Ciliopathy
Review for gene: FAM149B1 was set to GREEN
gene: FAM149B1 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Four unrelated families reported
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.820 CARS Alison Yeung gene: CARS was added
gene: CARS was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CARS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CARS were set to PMID: 30824121
Phenotypes for gene: CARS were set to Intellectual disability; microcephaly; brittle hair and nails
Added comment: Three reported unrelated families
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.818 MAPK8IP3 Zornitza Stark gene: MAPK8IP3 was added
gene: MAPK8IP3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MAPK8IP3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MAPK8IP3 were set to 30612693
Phenotypes for gene: MAPK8IP3 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with or without variable brain abnormalities OMIM# 605431
Review for gene: MAPK8IP3 was set to GREEN
Added comment: >3 reported individuals and functional evidence in Caenorhabditis elegans
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.816 NCAPG2 Zornitza Stark gene: NCAPG2 was added
gene: NCAPG2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NCAPG2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NCAPG2 were set to 30609410
Phenotypes for gene: NCAPG2 were set to Khan-Khan-Katsanis syndrome, MIM# 618460
Review for gene: NCAPG2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two families and functional evidence (zebrafish model).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.814 ADAMTS9 Zornitza Stark gene: ADAMTS9 was added
gene: ADAMTS9 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ADAMTS9 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ADAMTS9 were set to 30609407
Phenotypes for gene: ADAMTS9 were set to Nephronophthisis-Related Ciliopathy
Review for gene: ADAMTS9 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two families reported with functional evidence
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.812 RIC1 Zornitza Stark gene: RIC1 was added
gene: RIC1 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RIC1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RIC1 were set to 31932796
Phenotypes for gene: RIC1 were set to Cleft lip; cataract; tooth abnormality; intellectual disability; facial dysmorphism; ADHD
Review for gene: RIC1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Zebrafish model and consanguineous families but homozygous-by-descent.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.807 BNC2 Zornitza Stark gene: BNC2 was added
gene: BNC2 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: BNC2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: BNC2 were set to 31656805; 31051115
Phenotypes for gene: BNC2 were set to Lower urinary tract obstruction, congenital; OMIM #618612
Review for gene: BNC2 was set to GREEN
gene: BNC2 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: At least four unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.806 SIX2 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Single family reported.
Mendeliome v0.802 SRGAP1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Two families reported.
Mendeliome v0.797 TET3 Zornitza Stark gene: TET3 was added
gene: TET3 was added to Mendeliome. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TET3 was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TET3 were set to 31928709
Phenotypes for gene: TET3 were set to Intellectual disability; dysmorphic features; abnormal growth; movement disorders
Review for gene: TET3 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Eleven individuals from 8 families described. Mono-allelic frameshift and nonsense variants occur throughout the coding region. Mono-allelic and bi-allelic missense variants localize to conserved residues; all but one such variant occur within the catalytic domain, and most display hypomorphic function in an assay of catalytic activity.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.793 STN1 Zornitza Stark gene: STN1 was added
gene: STN1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: STN1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: STN1 were set to 27432940
Phenotypes for gene: STN1 were set to Cerebroretinal microangiopathy with calcification and cysts 2, MIM#617341
Review for gene: STN1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated individuals reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.790 JAM2 Zornitza Stark gene: JAM2 was added
gene: JAM2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: JAM2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: JAM2 were set to 31851307
Phenotypes for gene: JAM2 were set to Primary brain calcification
Review for gene: JAM2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families with bi-allelic variants reported. The clinical phenotypes of the four patients included parkinsonism (3/4), dysarthria (3/4), seizures (1/4), and probable asymptomatic (1/4), with diverse onset ages.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.788 TDP2 Zornitza Stark gene: TDP2 was added
gene: TDP2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TDP2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TDP2 were set to 31410782; 30109272; 24658003
Phenotypes for gene: TDP2 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 23; OMIM #616949
Review for gene: TDP2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: ID is part of the phenotype: 4 families with 6 affected patients, with functional evidence.

1 family with 3 affected sibs with homozygous splice site mutation in the TDP2 gene. Patient cell extracts showed absence of the full-length TDP2 protein and absence of 5-prime TDP activity, consistent with a loss of function, although 3-prime TDP activity, conferred by TDP1, was normal. In addition, patient lymphoblastoid cells were hypersensitive to the TOP2 poison etoposide. The findings indicated impaired capacity for double-strand break repair.

1 unrelated Egyptian patient with a similar disorder was homozygous for a truncating mutation in the TDP2 gene

1 unrelated Caucasian patient with same homozygous splice site mutation in the TDP2 gene. Western blot analysis did not detect TDP2 protein in patient primary skin fibroblasts. Patient fibroblasts showed an inability to rapidly repair topoisomerase-induced DNA double-strand breaks in the nucleus and also showed a profound hypersensitivity to this type of DNA damage. Complementation of patient cells with recombinant human TDP2 restored normal rates of nuclear DSB repair.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.786 TRMT1 Zornitza Stark gene: TRMT1 was added
gene: TRMT1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRMT1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TRMT1 were set to 30289604; 26308914; 21937992
Phenotypes for gene: TRMT1 were set to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 68; OMIM #618302
Review for gene: TRMT1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 4 families reported:
-1 consanguineous Iranian family with 5 individuals with nonsyndromic moderate to severe impaired intellectual development.
-1 consanguineous Iranian family with 3 adult brothers with global developmental delay and moderately delayed intellectual development
-2 unrelated Pakistani families with 4 patients with impaired intellectual development.
All with homozygous mutations in the TRMT1 gene which segregated with the disorder in the families, but functional studies of the variants were not performed.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.785 SLC35A3 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: 1 family with 2 sibs, with segregation but no functional studies.

1 family with 8 affected people. The mutations segregated with the disorder in the family. Patient cells showed no normal transcript, indicating that they had no functional SLC35A3 protein. Golgi vesicles derived from patient fibroblasts showed significantly reduced transport of UDP-GlCNAc compared to controls.
Mendeliome v0.780 SLC9A7 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC9A7 was added
gene: SLC9A7 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC9A7 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Publications for gene: SLC9A7 were set to 30335141
Phenotypes for gene: SLC9A7 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked 108; OMIM #301024
Review for gene: SLC9A7 was set to AMBER
Added comment: 6 males from 2 unrelated families with hemizygous missense mutation in the SLC9A7 gene. The mutation segregated with the disorder in the family. In vitro functional expression studies in CHO cells (AP-1 cells) showed that the mutation caused decreased levels of protein expression and reduced oligosaccharide maturation/glycosylation compared to wildtype, indicating impaired posttranslational processing. Subcellular localization studies indicated that protein trafficking was unaffected by the mutation. However, examination of the trans-Golgi compartment suggested a gain-of-function effect and a perturbation of glycosylation of secretory cargo. Serum transferrin studies in 1 patient suggested a glycosylation defect.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.778 KIAA1161 Zornitza Stark gene: KIAA1161 was added
gene: KIAA1161 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KIAA1161 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: KIAA1161 were set to 30656188; 30649222; 30460687; 29910000
Phenotypes for gene: KIAA1161 were set to Basal ganglia calcification, idiopathic, 7, autosomal recessive; OMIM #618317
Review for gene: KIAA1161 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Total 9 families, but no functional evidence:

12 patients from 6 unrelated Chinese families reported by Yao et al. (2018) and homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the MYORG gene. Functional studies of the variants and studies of patient cells were not performed, but the presence of nonsense mutations suggested a loss of function.

1 Chinese woman identified with homozygous nonsense mutation in the MYORG gene, segregated with the disorder in the family. Functional studies of the variant and studies of patient cells were not performed.

2 unrelated Middle Eastern families with homozygous mutations in the MYORG gene, which segregated with the disorder in the families. Functional studies of the variants were not performed.

4 sibs from one Turkish family with homozygous missense mutation in the MYORG gene, which segregated with the disorder in the family. Functional studies of the variant and studies of patient cells were not performed.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.777 ZC3H14 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Two families reported.
Mendeliome v0.774 ZFHX3 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Emerging evidence.
Mendeliome v0.773 ZFHX3 Zornitza Stark Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.773 KLLN Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Epigenetic modification of the promoter linked to Cowden syndrome.
Mendeliome v0.769 MDH1 Zornitza Stark gene: MDH1 was added
gene: MDH1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MDH1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MDH1 were set to 31538237
Phenotypes for gene: MDH1 were set to epilepsy; microcephaly; intellectual disability
Review for gene: MDH1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: single consanguinous family with biallelic missense variant in this gene and epilepsy, microcephaly, ID; some functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.767 ISLR2 Zornitza Stark gene: ISLR2 was added
gene: ISLR2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ISLR2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ISLR2 were set to 30483960
Phenotypes for gene: ISLR2 were set to hydrocephalus; arthrogryposis; abdominal distension
Review for gene: ISLR2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: single consanguineous family with hydrocephalus and arthrogryposis and homozygous truncating variant, mouse model has hydrocephalus
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.765 AGMO Sue White gene: AGMO was added
gene: AGMO was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: AGMO was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: AGMO were set to 31555905
Phenotypes for gene: AGMO were set to microcephaly; intellectual disability; epilepsy
Penetrance for gene: AGMO were set to Complete
Review for gene: AGMO was set to GREEN
Added comment: biallelic LOF and missense reported
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.763 NOTCH2NL Sue White gene: NOTCH2NL was added
gene: NOTCH2NL was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NOTCH2NL was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NOTCH2NL were set to 31332381
Phenotypes for gene: NOTCH2NL were set to OMIM 603472 NEURONAL INTRANUCLEAR INCLUSION DISEASE; NIID
Penetrance for gene: NOTCH2NL were set to unknown
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: NOTCH2NL was set to Other
Review for gene: NOTCH2NL was set to GREEN
gene: NOTCH2NL was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: adult onset neurodegenerative condition caused by STR expansion 5' of NOTCH2NL
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.761 RFC1 Sue White gene: RFC1 was added
gene: RFC1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RFC1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RFC1 were set to 30926972
Phenotypes for gene: RFC1 were set to Cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome OMIM 614575
Penetrance for gene: RFC1 were set to unknown
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: RFC1 was set to Other
Review for gene: RFC1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: adult onset ataxia due to biallelic intronic STR expansion
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.756 TRAC Zornitza Stark gene: TRAC was added
gene: TRAC was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRAC was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TRAC were set to 21206088
Phenotypes for gene: TRAC were set to Immunodeficiency 7, TCR-alpha/beta deficient, MIM#615387
Review for gene: TRAC was set to GREEN
Added comment: Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.750 MYSM1 Zornitza Stark gene: MYSM1 was added
gene: MYSM1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MYSM1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MYSM1 were set to 4288411; 28115216; 26220525
Phenotypes for gene: MYSM1 were set to Bone marrow failure syndrome 4, MIM#618116
Review for gene: MYSM1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: early-onset anaemia, leukopaenia, and decreased B cells, may have thrombocytopaenia or variable additional non-haematologic features, such as facial dysmorphism, skeletal anomalies, and mild developmental delay
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.748 STAG2 Zornitza Stark gene: STAG2 was added
gene: STAG2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Other
Mode of inheritance for gene: STAG2 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, monoallelic mutations in females may cause disease (may be less severe, later onset than males)
Publications for gene: STAG2 were set to 30765867; 28296084; 30447054; 29263825; 30158690
Phenotypes for gene: STAG2 were set to Mullegama-Klein-Martinez syndrome, MIM#301022
Review for gene: STAG2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 12 unrelated families reported both males and females affected.
Sources: Other
Mendeliome v0.742 MESD Zornitza Stark gene: MESD was added
gene: MESD was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Other
Mode of inheritance for gene: MESD was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MESD were set to 31564437
Phenotypes for gene: MESD were set to Osteogenesis imperfecta, type XX, MIM# 618644
Review for gene: MESD was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five families reported.
Sources: Other
Mendeliome v0.723 ITSN1 Zornitza Stark gene: ITSN1 was added
gene: ITSN1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ITSN1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes for gene: ITSN1 were set to 29773874
Review for gene: ITSN1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 3 unrelated families with rare ITSN1 variants and SRNS/CNS or SSNS.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.720 TNS2 Zornitza Stark gene: TNS2 was added
gene: TNS2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TNS2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TNS2 were set to 29773874
Phenotypes for gene: TNS2 were set to Nephrotic syndrome
Review for gene: TNS2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five families reported in this paper reporting multiple new SRNS genes.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.717 DNASE2 Zornitza Stark gene: DNASE2 was added
gene: DNASE2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: DNASE2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DNASE2 were set to 29259162; 31775019
Phenotypes for gene: DNASE2 were set to Auto-inflammatory disorder; splenomegaly; glomerulonephritis; liver fibrosis; arthritis; HLH
Review for gene: DNASE2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Inflammatory disorder characterized by splenomegaly, glomerulonephritis, liver fibrosis, circulating anti-DNA autoantibodies, and progressive arthritis. Three families and functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.715 IGHM Zornitza Stark gene: IGHM was added
gene: IGHM was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IGHM was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IGHM were set to 12370281; 8890099
Phenotypes for gene: IGHM were set to Agammaglobulinemia 1, MIM# 601495
Review for gene: IGHM was set to GREEN
Added comment: Multiple families reported; please note a 40kb deletion as well as SNVs.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.709 NUP214 Sue White gene: NUP214 was added
gene: NUP214 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NUP214 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NUP214 were set to 31178128
Phenotypes for gene: NUP214 were set to epileptic encephalopathy; developmental regression; microcephaly
Penetrance for gene: NUP214 were set to Complete
Review for gene: NUP214 was set to GREEN
gene: NUP214 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.707 ATP2B2 Sue White gene: ATP2B2 was added
gene: ATP2B2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ATP2B2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Phenotypes for gene: ATP2B2 were set to progressive sensorineural deafness
Penetrance for gene: ATP2B2 were set to unknown
Review for gene: ATP2B2 was set to GREEN
gene: ATP2B2 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.705 NPM1 Sue White gene: NPM1 was added
gene: NPM1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NPM1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: NPM1 were set to 31570891
Phenotypes for gene: NPM1 were set to radial ray defects; short stature; nail dsytrophy; bone marrow failure
Penetrance for gene: NPM1 were set to unknown
Review for gene: NPM1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: heterozygous variants cause dyskeratosis congenita
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.703 AP2M1 Zornitza Stark gene: AP2M1 was added
gene: AP2M1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: AP2M1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: AP2M1 were set to 31104773
Phenotypes for gene: AP2M1 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder 60 with seizures, MIM# 618587
Review for gene: AP2M1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated individuals reported, recurrent variant, NM_004068.3:c.508C>T or p.Arg170Trp.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.697 RHOA Sue White gene: RHOA was added
gene: RHOA was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RHOA was set to Other
Publications for gene: RHOA were set to 31570889
Phenotypes for gene: RHOA were set to normal cognition; leukoencephalopathy; micro-ophthalmia; strabismus; linear hypopigmentation; malar hypoplasia; downslanting palpebral fissures; microstomia
Penetrance for gene: RHOA were set to Complete
Review for gene: RHOA was set to GREEN
gene: RHOA was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: mosaic heterozygous missense variants cause linear hypopigmentation, brain MRI changes with normal cognition, ocular and acral changes
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.692 PUS10 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Agree, no evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.684 TRIM28 Zornitza Stark gene: TRIM28 was added
gene: TRIM28 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRIM28 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: TRIM28 were set to 30694527
Phenotypes for gene: TRIM28 were set to Wilm's tumour
Review for gene: TRIM28 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Eleven individuals with germline variants identified; plus one somatic. Exome sequencing on eight tumor DNA samples from six individuals showed loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) of the TRIM28-locus by mitotic recombination in seven tumors, suggesting that TRIM28 functions as a tumor suppressor gene in Wilms tumor development.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.681 CBWD1 Zornitza Stark gene: CBWD1 was added
gene: CBWD1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CBWD1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CBWD1 were set to 31862704
Phenotypes for gene: CBWD1 were set to CAKUT
Review for gene: CBWD1 was set to RED
Added comment: A pair of siblings with homozygous deletion in this gene reported; functional data including animal model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.679 DEF6 Zornitza Stark gene: DEF6 was added
gene: DEF6 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DEF6 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DEF6 were set to 31308374
Phenotypes for gene: DEF6 were set to Systemic autoimmunity
Review for gene: DEF6 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Three individuals from two families, some functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.678 SLC2A8 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Cannot find evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.677 SETD5 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: PMID: 29484850: Review of all literature reporting SETD5 (table 1). Out of 42 patients described in these papers, 71.4% have motor impairment/delay, 69.0% speech impairment/delay, 23.8% eplilepsy/seizures, 38% congenital heart defects, 95.2% facial dysmorphism, 21.4% hand stereotypies/ritualised behaviour, 19% impaired vision, 42.8% muscle hypotonia and 28.6% polydactyly.
Mendeliome v0.671 C19orf70 Zornitza Stark gene: C19orf70 was added
gene: C19orf70 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: C19orf70 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: C19orf70 were set to 29618761; 27623147; 27485409
Phenotypes for gene: C19orf70 were set to Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 37, MIM# 618329
Review for gene: C19orf70 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families reported. HGNC approved name MICOS13.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.669 MIPEP Zornitza Stark gene: MIPEP was added
gene: MIPEP was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MIPEP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MIPEP were set to 27799064
Phenotypes for gene: MIPEP were set to Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 31, MIM# 617228
Review for gene: MIPEP was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated children reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.668 MRPS14 Zornitza Stark gene: MRPS14 was added
gene: MRPS14 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MRPS14 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MRPS14 were set to 30358850
Phenotypes for gene: MRPS14 were set to Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 38, MIM# 618378
Review for gene: MRPS14 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual reported, functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.667 PLEKHG2 Zornitza Stark gene: PLEKHG2 was added
gene: PLEKHG2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PLEKHG2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PLEKHG2 were set to 26573021
Phenotypes for gene: PLEKHG2 were set to Leukodystrophy and acquired microcephaly with or without dystonia, MIM# 616763
Review for gene: PLEKHG2 was set to RED
Added comment: Five individuals from two unrelated families reported, same homozygous missense variant.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.660 AIMP2 Zornitza Stark gene: AIMP2 was added
gene: AIMP2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: AIMP2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: AIMP2 were set to 29215095
Phenotypes for gene: AIMP2 were set to Leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 17 618006
Review for gene: AIMP2 was set to RED
Added comment: Two apparently unrelated consanguineous families, however same homozygous variant identified in both. Affected individuals had early-onset multifocal seizures, spasticity, poor overall growth, and microcephaly (up to -10 SD). Brain imaging showed multiple abnormalities, including cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, thin corpus callosum, abnormal signals in the basal ganglia, and features suggesting hypo- or demyelination
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.658 TMEM63A Zornitza Stark gene: TMEM63A was added
gene: TMEM63A was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TMEM63A was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: TMEM63A were set to 31587869
Phenotypes for gene: TMEM63A were set to Leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 19, transient infantile, MIM# 618688
Review for gene: TMEM63A was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated families reported; in three individuals, the variant was de novo, and inherited from a deceased parent in the fourth.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.652 H3F3B Zornitza Stark commented on gene: H3F3B: Elizabeth J Bhoj, H3F3A/B Consortium, Hakon H. Hakonarson.: Mutations In H3f3a And H3f3b Encoding Histone 3.3: Report Of 26 Patients With Neurodevelopmental And Congenital Manifestations. American Society of Human Genetics, Orlando, FL October 2017 Notes: Platform Presentation.
Mendeliome v0.651 H3F3A Zornitza Stark commented on gene: H3F3A
Mendeliome v0.651 KAT5 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Cannot find evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.649 ROBO4 Zornitza Stark gene: ROBO4 was added
gene: ROBO4 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ROBO4 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ROBO4 were set to 30455415
Phenotypes for gene: ROBO4 were set to bicuspid aortic valve; ascending aortic aneurysm; ascending aorta dilatation
Review for gene: ROBO4 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two families, functional data, incomplete penetrance.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.647 MYMK Zornitza Stark gene: MYMK was added
gene: MYMK was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MYMK was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: MYMK were set to 28681861
Phenotypes for gene: MYMK were set to Carey-Fineman-Ziter syndrome; OMIM #254940
Review for gene: MYMK was set to GREEN
Added comment: Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.646 EDC3 Zornitza Stark gene: EDC3 was added
gene: EDC3 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: EDC3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: EDC3 were set to 29685133; 25701870
Phenotypes for gene: EDC3 were set to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 50, MIM# 616460
Review for gene: EDC3 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported; some functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.644 EIF3F Zornitza Stark gene: EIF3F was added
gene: EIF3F was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: EIF3F was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: EIF3F were set to 30409806
Phenotypes for gene: EIF3F were set to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 67, MIM# 618295
Review for gene: EIF3F was set to GREEN
Added comment: Nine individuals from 7 families reported, all homozygous for the same missense variant, p.(Phe232Val). This variant is present at 0.12% frequency in non-Finnish Europeans in gnomad (no homozygotes).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.638 RSRC1 Zornitza Stark gene: RSRC1 was added
gene: RSRC1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: RSRC1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RSRC1 were set to 28640246; 29522154
Phenotypes for gene: RSRC1 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 70, MIM# 618402
Review for gene: RSRC1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported, 8 affected individuals.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.636 METTL5 Zornitza Stark gene: METTL5 was added
gene: METTL5 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: METTL5 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: METTL5 were set to 29302074; 31564433
Phenotypes for gene: METTL5 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 72, MIM# 618665
Review for gene: METTL5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families and animal model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.635 CXorf56 Zornitza Stark gene: CXorf56 was added
gene: CXorf56 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CXorf56 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Publications for gene: CXorf56 were set to 29374277
Phenotypes for gene: CXorf56 were set to Mental retardation, X-linked 107, MIM# 301013
Review for gene: CXorf56 was set to RED
Added comment: Single multigenerational family reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.633 USP27X Zornitza Stark gene: USP27X was added
gene: USP27X was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: USP27X was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Publications for gene: USP27X were set to 25644381
Phenotypes for gene: USP27X were set to Mental retardation, X-linked 105, MIM#300984
Review for gene: USP27X was set to AMBER
Added comment: Four individuals from two unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.631 KLHL15 Zornitza Stark gene: KLHL15 was added
gene: KLHL15 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KLHL15 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Publications for gene: KLHL15 were set to 25644381; 24817631
Phenotypes for gene: KLHL15 were set to Mental retardation, X-linked 103, MIM#300982
Review for gene: KLHL15 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two families described: variants maternally inherited in both, one deletion, the other truncating.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.629 ODC1 Zornitza Stark gene: ODC1 was added
gene: ODC1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ODC1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ODC1 were set to 30475435
Phenotypes for gene: ODC1 were set to Intellectual disability; macrocephaly; dysmorphism
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: ODC1 was set to Other
Review for gene: ODC1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four individuals with de novo GoF variants in this gene reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.624 TRPM3 Zornitza Stark gene: TRPM3 was added
gene: TRPM3 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TRPM3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: TRPM3 were set to 31278393
Phenotypes for gene: TRPM3 were set to Intellectual disability; epilepsy
Review for gene: TRPM3 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 8 unrelated individuals with de novo variants in this gene. Recurrent variant p.(Val837Met) identified in 7/8.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.619 UGP2 Zornitza Stark gene: UGP2 was added
gene: UGP2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: UGP2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: UGP2 were set to 31820119
Phenotypes for gene: UGP2 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy; intellectual disability; microcephaly
Review for gene: UGP2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 22 individuals from 15 families reported with the same homozygous missense variant in this gene, chr2:64083454A > G, which causes a disruption of the start codon in the shorter isoform, which is expressed in brain.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.618 ADRA2B Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Comment when marking as ready: Association has in fact been REFUTED by Corbett et al 2019 (PMID:31664034, who identified an alternative cause in the original families.
Mendeliome v0.610 PIGP Zornitza Stark gene: PIGP was added
gene: PIGP was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PIGP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PIGP were set to 31139695
Phenotypes for gene: PIGP were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 55, MIM# 617599
Review for gene: PIGP was set to AMBER
Added comment: Three individuals from two unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.608 NEUROD2 Zornitza Stark gene: NEUROD2 was added
gene: NEUROD2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: NEUROD2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: NEUROD2 were set to 30323019
Phenotypes for gene: NEUROD2 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 72, MIM# 618374
Review for gene: NEUROD2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated individuals with de novo missense variants in this gene, animal model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.606 GOT2 Zornitza Stark gene: GOT2 was added
gene: GOT2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: GOT2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GOT2 were set to 31422819
Phenotypes for gene: GOT2 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 82, MIM# 618721
Review for gene: GOT2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four individuals from three unrelated families reported. Treatment with pyridoxine and serine ameliorated the phenotype.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.595 IFT74 Zornitza Stark gene: IFT74 was added
gene: IFT74 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: IFT74 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: IFT74 were set to 27486776
Phenotypes for gene: IFT74 were set to Bardet-Biedl syndrome 20, MIM# 617119
Review for gene: IFT74 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family and functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.594 IFT81 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Three families with skeletal dysplasia, one with nephronophthisis, one with eye phenotype.
Mendeliome v0.588 PDE6D Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Second family identified in the literature.
Mendeliome v0.568 PIGQ Zornitza Stark gene: PIGQ was added
gene: PIGQ was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PIGQ was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PIGQ were set to 25558065; 24463883; 31148362
Phenotypes for gene: PIGQ were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 77, MIM# 618548
Review for gene: PIGQ was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.565 ADAM22 Zornitza Stark gene: ADAM22 was added
gene: ADAM22 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ADAM22 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ADAM22 were set to 27066583; 30237576
Phenotypes for gene: ADAM22 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 61, MIM# 617933
Review for gene: ADAM22 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two families reported; the second one as part of a large consanguineous cohort.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.563 PHACTR1 Zornitza Stark gene: PHACTR1 was added
gene: PHACTR1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PHACTR1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PHACTR1 were set to 30256902
Phenotypes for gene: PHACTR1 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 70, MIM# 618298
Review for gene: PHACTR1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated individuals reported with de novo variants in this gene.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.561 GABRB1 Zornitza Stark gene: GABRB1 was added
gene: GABRB1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: GABRB1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: GABRB1 were set to 23934111; 27273810; 31618474
Phenotypes for gene: GABRB1 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 45, MIM# 617153
Review for gene: GABRB1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three individuals reported, two as part of large epilepsy cohorts.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.557 GUF1 Zornitza Stark gene: GUF1 was added
gene: GUF1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: GUF1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GUF1 were set to 26486472
Phenotypes for gene: GUF1 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 40, MIM# 617065
Review for gene: GUF1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported with homozygous missense in three sibs.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.555 CPLX1 Zornitza Stark gene: CPLX1 was added
gene: CPLX1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CPLX1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CPLX1 were set to 26539891; 28422131
Phenotypes for gene: CPLX1 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 63, MIM# 617976
Review for gene: CPLX1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five individuals from three unrelated families reported in larger neurodevelopmental cohorts.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.553 RNF13 Zornitza Stark gene: RNF13 was added
gene: RNF13 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RNF13 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: RNF13 were set to 30595371
Phenotypes for gene: RNF13 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 73, MIM# 618379
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: RNF13 was set to Other
Review for gene: RNF13 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated individuals with de novo gain-of-function variants in this gene reported; severe neurodegenerative disorder, seizures are a prominent part of the phenotype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.551 GLS Zornitza Stark gene: GLS was added
gene: GLS was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: GLS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GLS were set to 30575854; 30970188
Phenotypes for gene: GLS were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 71, MIM# 618328; Global developmental delay, progressive ataxia, and elevated glutamine, MIM# 618412
Review for gene: GLS was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three individuals from two unrelated families reported with early neonatal refractory seizures, structural brain abnormalities and oedema; significantly increased glutamine levels (PMID: 30575854).

Another three unrelated individuals described with compound het variants, one of which is a triplet expansion in the 5' UTR (PMID: 30970188).
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.549 CAD Zornitza Stark gene: CAD was added
gene: CAD was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CAD was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CAD were set to 28007989; 25678555
Phenotypes for gene: CAD were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 50, MIM# 616457
Review for gene: CAD was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five individuals from four unrelated families reported, seizures are a prominent part of the phenotype of this progressive neurometabolic condition.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.541 NADSYN1 Zornitza Stark gene: NADSYN1 was added
gene: NADSYN1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NADSYN1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NADSYN1 were set to 31883644
Phenotypes for gene: NADSYN1 were set to Multiple congenital abnormalities; absent kidneys; cardiac; limb; vertebral
Review for gene: NADSYN1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five individuals from four unrelated families.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.540 PPP1R12A Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Now published, 12 individuals, upgraded to Green.
Mendeliome v0.536 UQCRFS1 Zornitza Stark gene: UQCRFS1 was added
gene: UQCRFS1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: UQCRFS1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: UQCRFS1 were set to 31883641
Phenotypes for gene: UQCRFS1 were set to Mitochondrial Complex III deficiency; lactic acidosis; fetal bradycardia; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; alopecia totalis
Review for gene: UQCRFS1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported plus functional evidence.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.534 SPATC1L Zornitza Stark gene: SPATC1L was added
gene: SPATC1L was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SPATC1L was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SPATC1L were set to 30177775
Phenotypes for gene: SPATC1L were set to Deafness
Review for gene: SPATC1L was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two families with compound het variants, and one family with heterozygous variant and dominant pattern of hearing loss described, some functional data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.532 WBP2 Zornitza Stark gene: WBP2 was added
gene: WBP2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: WBP2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: WBP2 were set to 26881968
Phenotypes for gene: WBP2 were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive 107, MIM# 617639
Review for gene: WBP2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families identified in a large cohort; supportive animal model data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.530 TMEM132E Zornitza Stark gene: TMEM132E was added
gene: TMEM132E was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: TMEM132E was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TMEM132E were set to 25331638
Phenotypes for gene: TMEM132E were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive 99, MIM# 618481
Review for gene: TMEM132E was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family reported, supportive animal model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.529 GRAP Zornitza Stark gene: GRAP was added
gene: GRAP was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: GRAP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GRAP were set to 30610177
Phenotypes for gene: GRAP were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive 114, MIM# 618456
Review for gene: GRAP was set to RED
Added comment: Two apparently unrelated Turkish families reported, however same homozygous missense variant, and SNP analysis indicated identity by descent.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.527 SPNS2 Zornitza Stark gene: SPNS2 was added
gene: SPNS2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: SPNS2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SPNS2 were set to 25356849
Phenotypes for gene: SPNS2 were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive 115, MIM# 618457
Review for gene: SPNS2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family reported, mouse model shows progressive hearing loss.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.525 ESRP1 Zornitza Stark gene: ESRP1 was added
gene: ESRP1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ESRP1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ESRP1 were set to 29107558
Phenotypes for gene: ESRP1 were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive 109, MIM# 618013
Review for gene: ESRP1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family with affected sibs, mouse model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.519 PPIP5K2 Zornitza Stark gene: PPIP5K2 was added
gene: PPIP5K2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: PPIP5K2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PPIP5K2 were set to 29590114
Phenotypes for gene: PPIP5K2 were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive 100, MIM# 618422
Review for gene: PPIP5K2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two apparently unrelated families with multiple affecteds segregating a homozygous missense variant; mouse model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.517 ROR1 Zornitza Stark gene: ROR1 was added
gene: ROR1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ROR1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ROR1 were set to 27162350
Phenotypes for gene: ROR1 were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive 108, MIM# 617654
Review for gene: ROR1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family, sibs with homozygous missense variant; mouse model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.515 RIPOR2 Zornitza Stark gene: RIPOR2 was added
gene: RIPOR2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: RIPOR2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RIPOR2 were set to 24958875
Phenotypes for gene: RIPOR2 were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive 104, MIM# 616515
Review for gene: RIPOR2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family and animal model data.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.511 CLDN9 Zornitza Stark gene: CLDN9 was added
gene: CLDN9 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CLDN9 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CLDN9 were set to 31175426; 19696885
Phenotypes for gene: CLDN9 were set to Deafness, autosomal recessive
Review for gene: CLDN9 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family with multiple sibs reported; mouse model exhibits deafness.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.509 TOP2B Zornitza Stark gene: TOP2B was added
gene: TOP2B was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TOP2B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: TOP2B were set to 31198993
Phenotypes for gene: TOP2B were set to Autosomal dominant deafness
Review for gene: TOP2B was set to AMBER
Added comment: One multigenerational family where variant in this gene segregated; two additional variants identified in a cohort; supportive animal model data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.507 AP1B1 Zornitza Stark gene: AP1B1 was added
gene: AP1B1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: AP1B1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: AP1B1 were set to 31630788; 31630791
Phenotypes for gene: AP1B1 were set to Intellectual disability; enteropathy; deafness; ichthyosis; keratoderma
Review for gene: AP1B1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated families with bi-allelic LoF variants in this gene.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.485 DMXL2 Zornitza Stark gene: DMXL2 was added
gene: DMXL2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DMXL2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DMXL2 were set to 31688942; 30237576
Phenotypes for gene: DMXL2 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 81, MIM# 618663
Review for gene: DMXL2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.479 EPS8L2 Zornitza Stark gene: EPS8L2 was added
gene: EPS8L2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: EPS8L2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: EPS8L2 were set to 26282398; 23918390; 28281779
Phenotypes for gene: EPS8L2 were set to Deafness autosomal recessive 106, MIM# 617637
Review for gene: EPS8L2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families and a mouse model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.471 KITLG Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: KITLG were changed from to Deafness, autosomal dominant 69, unilateral or asymmetric, MIM# 616697
Mendeliome v0.469 KITLG Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: KITLG: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 26522471; Phenotypes: Deafness, autosomal dominant 69, unilateral or asymmetric, MIM# 616697; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Mendeliome v0.460 SLC5A6 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC5A6 was added
gene: SLC5A6 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC5A6 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC5A6 were set to 31754459; 27904971
Phenotypes for gene: SLC5A6 were set to Developmental delay; epilepsy; neurodegeneration
Review for gene: SLC5A6 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported, functional data and some evidence of response to treatment.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.448 CACNB4 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment on phenotypes: One family with episodic ataxia; susceptibility locus for different types of epilepsy.
Mendeliome v0.440 COA7 Zornitza Stark gene: COA7 was added
gene: COA7 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: COA7 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: COA7 were set to 29718187; 27683825
Phenotypes for gene: COA7 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive, with axonal neuropathy 3, MIM#618387
Review for gene: COA7 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five unrelated individuals reported with bi-allelic variants in this gene. Slowly progressive condition with variable onset, but at least three individuals presented at <5 years of age.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.425 FAT2 Zornitza Stark gene: FAT2 was added
gene: FAT2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: FAT2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: FAT2 were set to 29053796
Phenotypes for gene: FAT2 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia 45, MIM#617769
Review for gene: FAT2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Segregates in one family, and identified in one apparently sporadic case. In vitro functional evidence.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.423 GDAP2 Zornitza Stark gene: GDAP2 was added
gene: GDAP2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: GDAP2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: GDAP2 were set to 30084953
Phenotypes for gene: GDAP2 were set to Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 27, MIM#618369
Review for gene: GDAP2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two families and animal model.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.417 NDUFAF8 Zornitza Stark gene: NDUFAF8 was added
gene: NDUFAF8 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NDUFAF8 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NDUFAF8 were set to 31866046
Phenotypes for gene: NDUFAF8 were set to Leigh syndrome
Review for gene: NDUFAF8 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated individuals with bi-allelic variants in this gene; functional data. Beware recurrent deep intronic splicing variant.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.415 EEF1B2 Zornitza Stark gene: EEF1B2 was added
gene: EEF1B2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: EEF1B2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: EEF1B2 were set to 31845318; 21937992
Phenotypes for gene: EEF1B2 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: EEF1B2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: 5 individuals from two unrelated families described in the literature so far, no functional data but gene belongs to a family implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.414 INSRR Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment on list classification: Agreed, cannot find evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.413 GRIK5 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment on list classification: Agreed, cannot find evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.399 FLG2 Zornitza Stark gene: FLG2 was added
gene: FLG2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FLG2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FLG2 were set to 29758285; 28884927; 29505760
Phenotypes for gene: FLG2 were set to Peeling skin syndrome 6, MIM# 618084
Review for gene: FLG2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 3 unrelated families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.388 NUP37 Zornitza Stark gene: NUP37 was added
gene: NUP37 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NUP37 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NUP37 were set to 30179222
Phenotypes for gene: NUP37 were set to Nephrotic syndrome
Review for gene: NUP37 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported with nephrotic syndrome.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.386 NUP133 Zornitza Stark gene: NUP133 was added
gene: NUP133 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NUP133 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NUP133 were set to 30179222
Phenotypes for gene: NUP133 were set to Nephrotic syndrome, type 18, MIM#618177
Review for gene: NUP133 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two unrelated families with functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.385 NUP160 Zornitza Stark gene: NUP160 was added
gene: NUP160 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NUP160 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NUP160 were set to 30179222
Phenotypes for gene: NUP160 were set to Nephrotic syndrome, type 19, MIM#618178
Review for gene: NUP160 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family, no functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.383 NUP85 Zornitza Stark gene: NUP85 was added
gene: NUP85 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NUP85 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NUP85 were set to 30179222
Phenotypes for gene: NUP85 were set to Nephrotic syndrome, type 17, MIM#618176
Review for gene: NUP85 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.374 KANK1 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment on list classification: Amber for nephrotic after discussion with Chirag Patel.
Mendeliome v0.372 KANK4 Zornitza Stark gene: KANK4 was added
gene: KANK4 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: KANK4 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: KANK4 were set to 25961457
Phenotypes for gene: KANK4 were set to Nephrotic syndrome
Review for gene: KANK4 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two individuals from a single family reported; gene belongs to a family implicated in nephrotic syndrome.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.370 KCNT2 Zornitza Stark gene: KCNT2 was added
gene: KCNT2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KCNT2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: KCNT2 were set to 29069600; 29740868
Phenotypes for gene: KCNT2 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 57, MIM#617771; Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
Review for gene: KCNT2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Reviewed by E Palmer: Ambrosino et al described 2 unrelated females with de novo variants in KCNT2. The first patient had the variant p.(Arg190His) had with West syndrome followed by Lennox-Gastaut syndrome , the second patient had the variant p.(Arg190Pro) and DEE with migrating focal seizures. Both variants were absent gnomad and had supportive in silico support for pathogenicity. In an electrophisological model both KCNT2 R190P and KCNT2 R190H increased maximal current density and shifted toward more negative membrane potential values the activation curve of KCNT2 channels, consistent with gain of function effects. PMID: 29740868.

Gururaj et al describe one male with de novo variant in KCNT2 p. (Phe240Leu) and early infantile epileptic encephalopathy. he variant was absent gnomad and supportive evidence of pathogenicity This variant was electrophysiologically modelled and revealed that the variant resulted in a 'change in function' demonstrating unusual altered selectivity in KNa channels.PMID: 29069600.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.368 PLS1 Zornitza Stark gene: PLS1 was added
gene: PLS1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PLS1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PLS1 were set to 31397523; 31432506; 30872814
Phenotypes for gene: PLS1 were set to Deafness
Review for gene: PLS1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Non-syndromic deafness in 5 families with mono allelic variants in this gene. Mouse model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.366 TASP1 Zornitza Stark gene: TASP1 was added
gene: TASP1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TASP1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TASP1 were set to 31209944; 31350873
Phenotypes for gene: TASP1 were set to Developmental delay; microcephaly; dysmorphic features; congenital abnormalities
Review for gene: TASP1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated families reported; two with founder mutation. Protein interacts with KMT2A and KMT2D. Another infant with a de novo missense variant reported in a single infant with multiple congenital abnormalities, insufficient evidence for mono allelic disease at present.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.365 FST Zornitza Stark gene: FST was added
gene: FST was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FST was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: FST were set to 31215115
Phenotypes for gene: FST were set to Cleft lip and palate
Review for gene: FST was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.363 GDF11 Zornitza Stark gene: GDF11 was added
gene: GDF11 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GDF11 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: GDF11 were set to 31215115
Phenotypes for gene: GDF11 were set to Cleft lip and palate
Review for gene: GDF11 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Cleft lip and palate, and rib and vertebral hypersegmentation in a single family. Mouse model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.361 PRDM13 Zornitza Stark gene: PRDM13 was added
gene: PRDM13 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PRDM13 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PRDM13 were set to 30710461
Phenotypes for gene: PRDM13 were set to Retinal dystrophy
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: PRDM13 was set to Other
Review for gene: PRDM13 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 8 individuals from three families reported with UPSTREAM NON-CODING variants in this gene.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.360 MICB Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Agree, cannot find evidence for Mendelian gene-disease association.
Mendeliome v0.359 MICB Sebastian Lunke changed review comment from: This gene is included in a large number of publications as it plays an central role immunity (MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX CLASS I CHAIN-RELATED GENE B). However beyond a number of susceptibility associations, it does not appear to have been firmly associated with disease in patients.; to: This gene is included in a large number of publications as it plays an central role immunity (MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX CLASS I CHAIN-RELATED GENE B). However beyond a number of susceptibility associations, it does not appear to have been firmly associated with disease in patients.

https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/MICB#resources
Mendeliome v0.346 SLC12A2 Zornitza Stark gene: SLC12A2 was added
gene: SLC12A2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC12A2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SLC12A2 were set to 30740830
Phenotypes for gene: SLC12A2 were set to Kilquist syndrome; deafness; intellectual disability; dysmorphic features; absent salivation
Review for gene: SLC12A2 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single individual with bi-alllelic deletion described; mouse model recapitulated the phenotype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.344 PANK4 Zornitza Stark gene: PANK4 was added
gene: PANK4 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PANK4 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PANK4 were set to 30585370
Phenotypes for gene: PANK4 were set to Congenital posterior cataract
Review for gene: PANK4 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Variant segregated with cataract in single 4-generation family, functional data including mouse model.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.343 CSNK1E Zornitza Stark gene: CSNK1E was added
gene: CSNK1E was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CSNK1E was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CSNK1E were set to 30488659
Phenotypes for gene: CSNK1E were set to Epileptic encephalopathy
Review for gene: CSNK1E was set to RED
Added comment: De novo splicing variant reported but in conjunction with STXBP1 variants; authors postulate it may contribute to susceptibility. Also reports linking variants in this gene to psychiatric disorders.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.338 DEGS1 Zornitza Stark gene: DEGS1 was added
gene: DEGS1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DEGS1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DEGS1 were set to 30620338; 30620337
Phenotypes for gene: DEGS1 were set to Leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 18, MIM#618404
Review for gene: DEGS1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 20 individuals from 14 unrelated families.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.337 POLD2 Zornitza Stark gene: POLD2 was added
gene: POLD2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: POLD2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: POLD2 were set to 31449058
Phenotypes for gene: POLD2 were set to Intellectual disability; immunodeficiency
Review for gene: POLD2 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family, functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.335 ZNF292 Zornitza Stark gene: ZNF292 was added
gene: ZNF292 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ZNF292 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ZNF292 were set to 31723249
Phenotypes for gene: ZNF292 were set to Intellectual disability; Autism; ADHD
Review for gene: ZNF292 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 28 families with spectrum of neurodevelopmental features (including ID, ASD, and ADHD) due to de novo ZNF292 variants (1 family inherited). No functional evidence of specific variants, but ZNF292 is highly expressed in the developing human brain.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.333 ZMIZ1 Zornitza Stark gene: ZMIZ1 was added
gene: ZMIZ1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ZMIZ1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ZMIZ1 were set to 30639322
Phenotypes for gene: ZMIZ1 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and distal skeletal anomalies; OMIM #618659
Review for gene: ZMIZ1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 19 unrelated individuals with heterozygous variants in this gene reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.331 VAMP2 Zornitza Stark gene: VAMP2 was added
gene: VAMP2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: VAMP2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: VAMP2 were set to 30929742
Phenotypes for gene: VAMP2 were set to Intellectual disability; Autism
Review for gene: VAMP2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 5 unrelated patients with heterozygous de novo mutations in VAMP2, presenting with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by axial hypotonia, intellectual disability, and autistic features. Affected individuals carrying de novo non-synonymous variants involving the C-terminal region presented a more severe phenotype with additional neurological features, including central visual impairment, hyperkinetic movement disorder, and epilepsy or electroencephalography abnormalities. Reconstituted fusion involving a lipid-mixing assay indicated impairment in vesicle fusion as one of the possible associated disease mechanisms.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.326 TARS Zornitza Stark gene: TARS was added
gene: TARS was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TARS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TARS were set to 31374204
Phenotypes for gene: TARS were set to Trichothiodystrophy 7, nonphotosensitive; OMIM #618546
Review for gene: TARS was set to AMBER
Added comment: Clinical features of trichothiodystrophy (TTD) include ichthyosis, intellectual disability, decreased fertility, short stature.

2 unrelated patients with non-photosensitive-TTD, in whom limited clinical information was available (one with DD): one compound heterozygous TARS variants, second homozygous for TARS variant. They showed that the variants had a profound effect on TARS protein stability and enzymatic function.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.324 TANC2 Zornitza Stark gene: TANC2 was added
gene: TANC2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TANC2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: TANC2 were set to 31616000
Phenotypes for gene: TANC2 were set to Intellectual disability; autism; epilepsy; dysmorphism
Review for gene: TANC2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 19 families with potentially disruptive heterozygous TANC2 variants, including 16 likely gene-disrupting mutations and three intragenic microdeletions. Patients presented with autism, intellectual disability, delayed language and motor development, epilepsy, facial dysmorphism, with complex psychiatric dysfunction or behavioral problems in adult probands or carrier parents. No functional evidence of specific variants, but they show TANC2 is expressed broadly in the human developing brain, especially in excitatory neurons and glial cells, and shows a more restricted pattern in Drosophila glial cells where its disruption affects behavioral outcomes.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.322 SVBP Zornitza Stark gene: SVBP was added
gene: SVBP was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SVBP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SVBP were set to 31363758; 30607023
Phenotypes for gene: SVBP were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with ataxia, hypotonia, and microcephaly; OMIM #618569
Review for gene: SVBP was set to GREEN
Added comment: 5 unrelated families with homozygous mutations in SVBP. The mutations segregated with the disorder in all families. In vitro functional cellular expression studies showed that protein levels of the SVBP mutants were barely detectable, suggesting instability, and that the mutant proteins had lost VASH/SVBP catalytic detyrosination activity toward tubulin. Knockdown of about 50% Svbp expression using shRNA in rat hippocampal neurons impaired the formation of excitatory synapses compared to controls.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.320 SOX4 Zornitza Stark gene: SOX4 was added
gene: SOX4 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SOX4 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SOX4 were set to 30661772
Phenotypes for gene: SOX4 were set to Coffin-Siris syndrome 10; OMIM #618506
Review for gene: SOX4 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 4 patients with syndromic DD/ID and de novo mutations in SOX4 gene. Functional assays demonstrated that the SOX4 proteins carrying these variants were unable to bind DNA in vitro and transactivate SOX reporter genes in cultured cells.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.315 SCAPER Zornitza Stark gene: SCAPER was added
gene: SCAPER was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SCAPER was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: SCAPER were set to 28794130; 31069901; 31192531; 30723319
Phenotypes for gene: SCAPER were set to Intellectual disability; retinitis pigmentosa
Review for gene: SCAPER was set to GREEN
Added comment: 28 patients from 14 unrelated families with ID and retinitis pigmentosa (some with BBS phenotype), and homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in SCAPER gene.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.313 SCAMP5 Zornitza Stark gene: SCAMP5 was added
gene: SCAMP5 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SCAMP5 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SCAMP5 were set to 31439720
Phenotypes for gene: SCAMP5 were set to Intellectual disability; seizures; autism
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: SCAMP5 was set to Other
Review for gene: SCAMP5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 2 unrelated individuals with ASD, ID and seizures, with the same heterozygous de novo variant in SCAMP5 (p.Gly302Trp). Western blot analysis of proteins overexpressed in the Drosophila fat body showed strongly reduced levels of the SCAMP p.Gly302Trp protein compared with the wild-type protein, indicating that the mutant either reduced expression or increased turnover of the protein. The expression of the fly homologue of the human SCAMP5 p.Gly180Trp mutation caused similar eye and neuronal phenotypes as the expression of SCAMP RNAi, suggesting a dominant-negative effect.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.311 PPP2CA Zornitza Stark gene: PPP2CA was added
gene: PPP2CA was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PPP2CA was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PPP2CA were set to 30595372
Phenotypes for gene: PPP2CA were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder and language delay with or without structural brain abnormalities; OMIM #618354
Review for gene: PPP2CA was set to GREEN
Added comment: 15 unrelated patients with a neurodevelopmental disorder with de novo heterozygous PPP2CA mutations, and 1 with partial deletion of PPP2CA. Functional studies showed complete PP2A dysfunction in 4 individuals with seemingly milder ID, hinting at haploinsufficiency. Ten other individuals showed mutation-specific biochemical distortions, including poor expression, altered binding to the A subunit and specific B-type subunits, and impaired phosphatase activity and C-terminal methylation.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.309 POU3F3 Zornitza Stark gene: POU3F3 was added
gene: POU3F3 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: POU3F3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: POU3F3 were set to 24550763; 31303265
Phenotypes for gene: POU3F3 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: POU3F3 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 19 individuals with DD/ID/speech issues and heterozygous POU3F3 disruptions, most of which were de novo variants. Positive functional cell-based analyses of pathogenic variants.

1 patient reported with whole gene deletion and ID.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.308 PISD Zornitza Stark Deleted their comment
Mendeliome v0.308 PISD Zornitza Stark commented on gene: PISD: 4 individuals in 2 unrelated but consanguineous families from Portugal and Brazil affected by early-onset retinal degeneration, sensorineural hearing loss, microcephaly, intellectual disability, and skeletal dysplasia with scoliosis and short stature (Liberfarb syndrome). Affected individuals shared a homozygous 10-bp deletion immediately upstream of the last exon of the PISD gene. In HEK293T cells, this variant led to aberrant splicing of PISD transcripts. 1 family with 2 sisters with congenital cataracts, short stature, and white matter changes identified compound heterozygous variants in the PISD gene. Decreased conversion of phosphatidylserine to PE in patient fibroblasts is consistent with impaired phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PISD) enzyme activity.
Mendeliome v0.307 PIGB Zornitza Stark gene: PIGB was added
gene: PIGB was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PIGB was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PIGB were set to 31256876
Phenotypes for gene: PIGB were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 80; OMIM #618580
Review for gene: PIGB was set to GREEN
Added comment: 10 unrelated families with biallelic mutations in PIGB, with global DD and/or ID, and seizures. Two had polymicrogyria, 4 had a peripheral neuropathy, and 2 had a clinical diagnosis of DOORS syndrome. Patient lymphocytes and fibroblasts showed variably decreased levels of cell surface GPI-anchored proteins, including CD16 and CD59. In vitro functional expression studies performed with some of the mutations in PIGB-null CHO cells showed that the mutant proteins were unable to fully restore expression of GPI-anchored surface proteins, consistent with a loss of function, although the mutations had variable effects.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.305 PIBF1 Zornitza Stark gene: PIBF1 was added
gene: PIBF1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PIBF1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PIBF1 were set to 26167768; 30858804; 29695797
Phenotypes for gene: PIBF1 were set to Joubert syndrome 33; OMIM #617767
Review for gene: PIBF1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families plus three Hutterite families reported with bi-allelic variants in this gene.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.303 PHF21A Zornitza Stark gene: PHF21A was added
gene: PHF21A was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PHF21A was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PHF21A were set to 31649809; 30487643; 22770980
Phenotypes for gene: PHF21A were set to Intellectual disability; dysmorphic features
Review for gene: PHF21A was set to GREEN
Added comment: 9 cases with intellectual disability and craniofacial anomalies (Potocki-Shaffer syndrome), with de novo truncating variants in PHF21A. No functional evidence of variants, but PHF21A is highly expressed in the human fetal brain, which is consistent with the neurodevelopmental phenotype.

2 other unrelated individuals with translocations disrupting PHF21A. Lymphoblastoid cell lines from translocation subjects showed derepression of the neuronal gene SCN3A and reduced LSD1 occupancy at the SCN3A promoter, supporting a direct functional consequence of PHF21A haploinsufficiency on transcriptional regulation.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.301 POLR2A Sue White gene: POLR2A was added
gene: POLR2A was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: POLR2A was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: POLR2A were set to 31353023
Phenotypes for gene: POLR2A were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia and variable intellectual and behavioral abnormalities, MIM# 618603
Mode of pathogenicity for gene: POLR2A was set to Other
Review for gene: POLR2A was set to GREEN
Added comment: 11 unrelated individuals reported with de novo variants in this gene. Missense variants postulated to exert a dominant-negative effect; LoF variants by contrast resulted in milder phenotype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.299 PAK1 Zornitza Stark gene: PAK1 was added
gene: PAK1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PAK1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: PAK1 were set to 31504246; 30290153
Phenotypes for gene: PAK1 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder with macrocephaly, seizures, and speech delay; OMIM #618158
Review for gene: PAK1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 2 unrelated individuals with de novo PAK1 mutations, with developmental delay, secondary macrocephaly, seizures, and ataxic gait. Enhanced phosphorylation of the PAK1 targets JNK and AKT shown in fibroblasts of one subject and of c-JUN in those of both subjects compared with control subjects. In fibroblasts of the 2 affected individuals, they observed a trend toward enhanced PAK1 kinase activity. By using co-immunoprecipitation and size-exclusion chromatography, they observed a significantly reduced dimerization for both PAK1 mutants compared with wild-type PAK1.

4 unrelated individuals with intellectual disability, macrocephaly and seizures, with de novo heterozygous missense variants in PAK1.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.297 P4HTM Zornitza Stark gene: P4HTM was added
gene: P4HTM was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: P4HTM was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: P4HTM were set to 25078763; 30940925
Phenotypes for gene: P4HTM were set to Hypotonia, hypoventilation, impaired intellectual development, dysautonomia, epilepsy, and eye abnormalities; OMIM #618493
Review for gene: P4HTM was set to GREEN
Added comment: 12 patients from 5 families with hypotonia, intellectual disability, and eye abnormalities, and homozygous or compound heterozygous pathogenic P4HTM gene variants. Segregated with the disorder in the families. In vitro functional expression studies of 3 of the P4HTM variants showed that they caused a significant decrease in the amount of soluble protein compared to wildtype.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.296 NLGN1 Zornitza Stark gene: NLGN1 was added
gene: NLGN1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NLGN1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NLGN1 were set to 30460678
Phenotypes for gene: NLGN1 were set to intellectual disability; autism
Review for gene: NLGN1 was set to RED
Added comment: homozygous variant in the NLGN1 gene found in a pair of monozygotic twin brothers with intellectual disability and autism. Segregated with disease. No functional studies.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.294 NFASC Zornitza Stark gene: NFASC was added
gene: NFASC was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: NFASC was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: NFASC were set to 31501903; 28940097; 30124836; 30850329; 31608123
Phenotypes for gene: NFASC were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with central and peripheral motor dysfunction; OMIM #618356
Review for gene: NFASC was set to GREEN
Added comment: > 10 unrelated families reported, exhibiting a neurodevelopmental disorder (intellectual disability, developmental delay, motor impairment, speech difficulties, early onset demyelinating neuropathy), with homozygous variants in NFASC. Segregated with the disorder in the family. Some studies with functional evidence.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.290 MEPCE Zornitza Stark gene: MEPCE was added
gene: MEPCE was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MEPCE was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MEPCE were set to 31467394
Phenotypes for gene: MEPCE were set to Intellectual disability; seizures
Review for gene: MEPCE was set to RED
Added comment: 1 patient with global DD and seizures with de novo MEPCE nonsense variant. mRNA and protein analyses identified nonsense-mediated mRNA decay to underlie the decreased amount of MEPCE in patient fibroblasts followed by LARP7 and 7SK snRNA downregulation and HEXIM1 upregulation. Flavopiridol treatment and ectopic MEPCE protein expression in patient fibroblasts rescued increased expression of six RNAP II-sensitive genes and suggested a possible repressive effect of MEPCE on P-TEFb-dependent transcription of specific genes.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.288 MAST1 Zornitza Stark gene: MAST1 was added
gene: MAST1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MAST1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MAST1 were set to 31721002; 30449657
Phenotypes for gene: MAST1 were set to Mega-corpus-callosum syndrome with cerebellar hypoplasia and cortical malformations; OMIM #618273
Review for gene: MAST1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 6 unrelated patients with mega-corpus-callosum syndrome with cerebellar hypoplasia and cortical malformations (MCCCHCM) with de novo heterozygous mutations in MAST1 gene. In vitro functional studies showed that 1 of the variants (lys276del) increased MAST1 binding to microtubules compared to controls. Mutant mice heterozygous for a Mast1 leu278del allele showed a thicker corpus callosum compared to wildtype, and an overall reduction in cortical volume and thickness and decreased cerebellar volume and number of granule and Purkinje cells due to increased apoptosis compared to controls.

1 Emirati patient with ID, microcephaly, and dysmorphic features, with missense variant in MAST1.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.287 MACROD2 Zornitza Stark gene: MACROD2 was added
gene: MACROD2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: MACROD2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MACROD2 were set to 31055587
Phenotypes for gene: MACROD2 were set to intellectual disability; dysmorphic features; microcephaly
Review for gene: MACROD2 was set to RED
Added comment: 1 family with a few affected with microcephaly, ID, dysmorphic features, and polydactyly. Deletion of chromosome 20p12.1 involving the MACROD2 gene was found in several members of the family. qRT-PCR showed higher levels of a MACROD2 mRNA isoform in the individuals carrying the deletion.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.285 LSS Zornitza Stark gene: LSS was added
gene: LSS was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: LSS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LSS were set to 30723320
Phenotypes for gene: LSS were set to Cataract 44, OMIM #616509; Hypotrichosis 14, OMIM #618275; Intellectual disability
Review for gene: LSS was set to GREEN
Added comment: Expanded the phenotypic spectrum of LSS to a recessive neuroectodermal syndrome formerly named alopecia with mental retardation (APMR) syndrome. Ten APMR individuals from 6 unrelated families with biallelic variants in LSS. Quantification of cholesterol and its precursors did not reveal noticeable imbalance.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.284 LSM1 Zornitza Stark gene: LSM1 was added
gene: LSM1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: LSM1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LSM1 were set to 31010896
Phenotypes for gene: LSM1 were set to intellectual disability; congenital abnormalities
Review for gene: LSM1 was set to RED
Added comment: 1 family with 2 siblings with global DD, multiple congenital anomalies, and abnormal eye movements, with homozygous splice variant in LSM1. Segregated with the phenotype in the family. Expression studies revealed absence of expression of the canonical isoform in the affected individuals. The Lsm1 knockout mice have a partially overlapping phenotype that affects the brain, heart, and eye.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.282 LMAN2L Zornitza Stark gene: LMAN2L was added
gene: LMAN2L was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: LMAN2L was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LMAN2L were set to 31020005; 26566883
Phenotypes for gene: LMAN2L were set to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive, 52; OMIM #616887
Review for gene: LMAN2L was set to AMBER
Added comment: 1 consanguineous family with 7 individuals with ID and epilepsy, with homozygous LMAN2L missense mutation. Segregated with disease in family, and unaffected family members were heterozygous variant carriers. No functional studies.

1 non-consanguineous family with 4 affected with heterozygous frameshift LMAN2L mutation. Segregates in family. Mutation eliminates LMAN2L's endoplasmic reticulum retention signal and mislocalizes the protein from that compartment to the plasma membrane.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.281 KDM3B Zornitza Stark gene: KDM3B was added
gene: KDM3B was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KDM3B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: KDM3B were set to 30929739
Phenotypes for gene: KDM3B were set to Intellectual disability; dysmorphic features; short stature
Review for gene: KDM3B was set to GREEN
Added comment: 14 unrelated individuals and 3 affected parents with varying degrees of ID, DD, short stature, dysmorphism, and de novo or inherited pathogenic variants in KDM3B. No functional studies.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.279 GRIA2 Zornitza Stark gene: GRIA2 was added
gene: GRIA2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GRIA2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: GRIA2 were set to 31300657
Phenotypes for gene: GRIA2 were set to Intellectual disability; autism; Rett-like features; epileptic encephalopathy
Review for gene: GRIA2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 28 unrelated patients with ID, ASD, Rett-like features, seizures/EE, and de novo heterozygous GRIA2 mutations. In functional expression studies, mutations led to a decrease in agonist-evoked current mediated by mutant subunits compared to wild-type channels. When GluA2 subunits are co-expressed with GluA1, most GRIA2 mutations cause a decreased current amplitude and some also affect voltage rectification.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.278 ADGRG6 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: 1 family with 2 patients with profound ID, severe speech impairment, microcephaly, seizures, spasticity, and cerebellar hypoplasia, with homozygous missense variation in ADGRG6 (GPR126). No functional studies.
Mendeliome v0.273 GABRA5 Zornitza Stark gene: GABRA5 was added
gene: GABRA5 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: GABRA5 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: GABRA5 were set to 31056671; 29961870
Phenotypes for gene: GABRA5 were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 79; OMIM #618559
Review for gene: GABRA5 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 3 unrelated patients with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in GABRA5 gene. In vitro functional expression studies in HEK293 cells showed that the mutant subunit was expressed at the surface and incorporated into the channel, but the mutant channel was 10 times more sensitive to GABA compared to wildtype. This increased sensitization resulted in increased receptor desensitization to GABA, with a reduced maximal GABA-evoked current and impaired capacity to pass GABAergic chloride current.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.271 FRY Zornitza Stark gene: FRY was added
gene: FRY was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FRY was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FRY were set to 31487712; 27457812; 21937992
Phenotypes for gene: FRY were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: FRY was set to AMBER
Added comment: 1 patient with ID/DD and a novel homozygous deletion involving FRY gene identified by genomic SNP microarray. No functional evidence.

2 consanguineous families with 6 affected individuals with ID, and homozygous mutations of FRY. No functional evidence.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.269 FBXL3 Zornitza Stark gene: FBXL3 was added
gene: FBXL3 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: FBXL3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FBXL3 were set to 30481285
Phenotypes for gene: FBXL3 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder with short stature, facial anomalies, and speech defects; OMIM #606220
Review for gene: FBXL3 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Three unrelated families, multiple affected individuals.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.268 ETS1 Zornitza Stark gene: ETS1 was added
gene: ETS1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ETS1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: ETS1 were set to 31160359
Phenotypes for gene: ETS1 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: ETS1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single individual with de novo truncating variant in this gene; gene is Jacobsen syndrome critical region.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.267 ELMOD1 Zornitza Stark gene: ELMOD1 was added
gene: ELMOD1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ELMOD1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ELMOD1 were set to 31327155
Phenotypes for gene: ELMOD1 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: ELMOD1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.265 EEF1D Zornitza Stark gene: EEF1D was added
gene: EEF1D was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: EEF1D was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: EEF1D were set to 30787422; 28097321
Phenotypes for gene: EEF1D were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: EEF1D was set to AMBER
Added comment: Two unrelated families reported; one as part of a very large cohort of consanguineous families reporting multiple new candidate genes. No functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.263 DYNC1I2 Zornitza Stark gene: DYNC1I2 was added
gene: DYNC1I2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DYNC1I2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DYNC1I2 were set to 31079899
Phenotypes for gene: DYNC1I2 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly and structural brain anomalies , MIM#618492
Review for gene: DYNC1I2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five individuals from three unrelated families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.262 DTYMK Zornitza Stark gene: DTYMK was added
gene: DTYMK was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DTYMK was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DTYMK were set to 31271740
Phenotypes for gene: DTYMK were set to Intellectual disability; microcephaly
Review for gene: DTYMK was set to RED
Added comment: Single family, two affected sibs with compound het variants reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.261 DNAJA1 Zornitza Stark gene: DNAJA1 was added
gene: DNAJA1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DNAJA1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: DNAJA1 were set to 30972502
Phenotypes for gene: DNAJA1 were set to Intellectual disability; seizures
Review for gene: DNAJA1 was set to RED
Added comment: Single family with multiple affected individuals reported with bi-allelic truncating variant in this gene.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.256 DDX6 Zornitza Stark gene: DDX6 was added
gene: DDX6 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: DDX6 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: DDX6 were set to 31422817
Phenotypes for gene: DDX6 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder with impaired language and dysmorphic facies, MIM#618653
Review for gene: DDX6 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five unrelated individuals reported with 5 different de novo heterozygous missense mutations in exon 11 of the DDX6 gene. All variants occurred at conserved residues in either the QxxR or V motifs within the second RecA-2 domain of the helicase core; this region is involved in RNA and/or ATP binding, suggesting functional consequences.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.251 CSDE1 Zornitza Stark gene: CSDE1 was added
gene: CSDE1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CSDE1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CSDE1 were set to 31579823
Phenotypes for gene: CSDE1 were set to Autism; intellectual disability; seizures; macrocephaly
Review for gene: CSDE1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 18 families reported with high impact (stoppage/frameshift) variants in this gene. Eight de novo, eight inherited, two with undetermined inheritance. Functional data. Parents who had the variants were also affected, though generally more mildly.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.250 CNTN6 Zornitza Stark gene: CNTN6 was added
gene: CNTN6 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CNTN6 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CNTN6 were set to 30836150; 28641109; 29983269
Phenotypes for gene: CNTN6 were set to Intellectual disability; autism; Tourette syndrome; schizophrenia
Review for gene: CNTN6 was set to RED
Added comment: Conflicting evidence based on CNV data, no SNVs identified.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.249 CMAS Zornitza Stark gene: CMAS was added
gene: CMAS was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CMAS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: CMAS were set to 31495922
Phenotypes for gene: CMAS were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: CMAS was set to RED
Added comment: Single family, no functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.247 CDK8 Zornitza Stark gene: CDK8 was added
gene: CDK8 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: CDK8 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CDK8 were set to 30905399
Phenotypes for gene: CDK8 were set to Intellectual disability; dysmorphism; congenital abnormalities; seizures
Review for gene: CDK8 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 12 unrelated individuals, missense variants demonstrated as de novo in 10. All variants localize to the ATP-binding pocket of the kinase domain.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.241 PUS7 Zornitza Stark gene: PUS7 was added
gene: PUS7 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PUS7 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PUS7 were set to 30526862; 30778726; 31583274
Phenotypes for gene: PUS7 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder with abnormal behavior, microcephaly, and short stature; OMIM #618342
Review for gene: PUS7 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 11 patients from 6 families with ID, speech delay, short stature, microcephaly, and aggressive behavior, with homozygous PUS7 mutations, which segregated with disease.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.239 SEMA5A Zornitza Stark gene: SEMA5A was added
gene: SEMA5A was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SEMA5A was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SEMA5A were set to 26395558
Phenotypes for gene: SEMA5A were set to Intellectual disability; autism
Review for gene: SEMA5A was set to AMBER
Added comment: 1 patient with de novo translocation t(5;22)(p15.3;q11.21) and ASD and ID. At the translocation breakpoint on chromosome 5, they observed a 861-kb deletion encompassing the end of the SEMA5A gene. No functional studies.

2 patients with ASD and predicted deleterious heterozygous variants (maternally inherited). No functional studies
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.237 SMARCC2 Zornitza Stark gene: SMARCC2 was added
gene: SMARCC2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SMARCC2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SMARCC2 were set to 30580808
Phenotypes for gene: SMARCC2 were set to Coffin-Siris syndrome 8; OMIM #618362
Review for gene: SMARCC2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 15 individuals with variable degrees of neurodevelopmental delay, growth retardation, prominent speech impairment, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, behavioral abnormalities, and dysmorphic features.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.235 SMARCD1 Zornitza Stark gene: SMARCD1 was added
gene: SMARCD1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: SMARCD1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: SMARCD1 were set to 30879640
Phenotypes for gene: SMARCD1 were set to Intellectual disability; dysmorphic features
Review for gene: SMARCD1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 5 individuals with heterozygous SMARCD1 variants (4 de novo, 1 unk), and developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, dysmorphisms, and small hands and feet.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.233 BRSK2 Zornitza Stark gene: BRSK2 was added
gene: BRSK2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: BRSK2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: BRSK2 were set to 30879638
Phenotypes for gene: BRSK2 were set to Intellectual disability; autism
Review for gene: BRSK2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Nine unrelated individuals with heterozygous variants in this gene; six confirmed de novo (parents available).
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.231 BCORL1 Zornitza Stark gene: BCORL1 was added
gene: BCORL1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: BCORL1 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, monoallelic mutations in females may cause disease (may be less severe, later onset than males)
Publications for gene: BCORL1 were set to 24123876; 30941876
Phenotypes for gene: BCORL1 were set to Shukla-Vernon syndrome, MIM#301029
Review for gene: BCORL1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated families reported altogether; some mothers mildly affected.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.229 BCL11B Zornitza Stark gene: BCL11B was added
gene: BCL11B was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: BCL11B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: BCL11B were set to 29985992
Phenotypes for gene: BCL11B were set to Intellectual developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies, speech delay, and T-cell abnormalities, MIM# 618092
Review for gene: BCL11B was set to GREEN
Added comment: Nine unrelated individuals, all but one with de novo variants in this gene and syndromic ID/immunodeficiency. Most variants located in the last exon (exon 4) and are predicted to escape nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.224 APC2 Zornitza Stark gene: APC2 was added
gene: APC2 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: APC2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: APC2 were set to 31585108
Phenotypes for gene: APC2 were set to Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 10, MIM#618677
Review for gene: APC2 was set to GREEN
Added comment: 12 individuals from 8 unrelated families; intellectual disability, seizures, cortical dysplasia including posterior to anterior predominant pattern of lissencephaly, heterotopias, paucity of white matter, thin corpus callosum.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.222 ALKBH8 Zornitza Stark gene: ALKBH8 was added
gene: ALKBH8 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ALKBH8 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ALKBH8 were set to 31079898
Phenotypes for gene: ALKBH8 were set to Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 71, MIM#618504
Review for gene: ALKBH8 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Two families and functional data.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.220 ACTL6B Zornitza Stark gene: ACTL6B was added
gene: ACTL6B was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: ACTL6B was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ACTL6B were set to 31134736; 31031012; 30656450; 30237576
Phenotypes for gene: ACTL6B were set to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 76, MIM# 618468; Intellectual developmental disorder with severe speech and ambulation defects, MIM# 618470
Review for gene: ACTL6B was set to GREEN
Added comment: Over 10 unrelated individuals reported in the literature.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.215 PPP1R21 Zornitza Stark gene: PPP1R21 was added
gene: PPP1R21 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: PPP1R21 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: PPP1R21 were set to 30520571
Phenotypes for gene: PPP1R21 were set to Hypotonia; intellectual disability; white matter abnormalities
Review for gene: PPP1R21 was set to GREEN
Added comment: At least four unrelated families reported.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.206 OXR1 Zornitza Stark gene: OXR1 was added
gene: OXR1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: OXR1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: OXR1 were set to 31785787
Phenotypes for gene: OXR1 were set to Intellectual disability; seizures; cerebellar atrophy
Review for gene: OXR1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Five individuals from three families.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.169 CDK16 Zornitza Stark gene: CDK16 was added
gene: CDK16 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: CDK16 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Publications for gene: CDK16 were set to 25644381
Phenotypes for gene: CDK16 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: CDK16 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Single family described in this manuscript describing multiple candidate genes for XLID.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.167 MIR17HG Zornitza Stark gene: MIR17HG was added
gene: MIR17HG was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: MIR17HG was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: MIR17HG were set to 25391829; 21892160
Phenotypes for gene: MIR17HG were set to Feingold syndrome 2; OMIM #614326
Review for gene: MIR17HG was set to GREEN
Added comment: 4 unrelated cases reported - 3 with gene deletions, 1 with SNV
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.165 KLF7 Zornitza Stark gene: KLF7 was added
gene: KLF7 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KLF7 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: KLF7 were set to 29251763
Phenotypes for gene: KLF7 were set to Intellectual disability
Review for gene: KLF7 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Four unrelated individuals with de novo missense variants; animal model data supportive.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.148 FRMPD4 Zornitza Stark gene: FRMPD4 was added
gene: FRMPD4 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: FRMPD4 was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Publications for gene: FRMPD4 were set to 25644381; 29267967
Phenotypes for gene: FRMPD4 were set to Mental retardation, X-linked 104, MIM#300983
Review for gene: FRMPD4 was set to GREEN
Added comment: Multiple affected individuals from unrelated families reported.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.147 FBXO31 Zornitza Stark gene: FBXO31 was added
gene: FBXO31 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: FBXO31 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: FBXO31 were set to 24623383
Phenotypes for gene: FBXO31 were set to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 45, MIM#615979
Review for gene: FBXO31 was set to RED
Added comment: Single consanguineous family reported with homozygous truncating variant, limited functional evidence.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.140 ERMARD Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Single affected individual described in heterozygous missense in this gene; rest of evidence is based on cytogenetic data.
Mendeliome v0.129 DPP10 Zornitza Stark edited their review of gene: DPP10: Added comment: Link to autism based on CNV data.; Changed publications: 28670437
Mendeliome v0.61 ADD3 Zornitza Stark gene: ADD3 was added
gene: ADD3 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert list
Mode of inheritance for gene: ADD3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: ADD3 were set to 29768408; 23836506
Phenotypes for gene: ADD3 were set to Cerebral palsy, spastic quadriplegic, 3, MIM#617008
Added comment: Four families reported in the literature with bi-allelic variants in this gene causing intellectual disability.
Sources: Expert list
Mendeliome v0.53 TTI1 Sebastian Lunke Added comment: Comment on list classification: Some patient evidence for association with ID, no patients identified to support association with dystonia or ataxia
Mendeliome v0.43 ZNF526 Zornitza Stark Added comment: Comment on list classification: Found unpublished abstract linking to AR intellectual disability in consanguineous Iranian population, no functional data provided.
Mendeliome v0.14 KDM6B Zornitza Stark gene: KDM6B was added
gene: KDM6B was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: KDM6B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: KDM6B were set to 31124279
Phenotypes for gene: KDM6B were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder with coarse facies and mild distal skeletal abnormalities, MIM#618505
Review for gene: KDM6B was set to GREEN
Added comment: 12 unrelated patients reported with de novo variants in this gene, no functional evidence.
Sources: Literature
Mendeliome v0.0 MME Zornitza Stark gene: MME was added
gene: MME was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: MME was set to Unknown
Mendeliome v0.0 AMMECR1 Zornitza Stark gene: AMMECR1 was added
gene: AMMECR1 was added to Mendeliome_VCGS. Sources: Expert Review Green,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services
Mode of inheritance for gene: AMMECR1 was set to Unknown